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For patients with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), four baseline prognostic scores are commonly used. Our aim was to compare the prognostic performance of the scores and to arrive at an evidence-based score recommendation. In 2949 patients not involved in any score development, higher hazard ratios and concordance indices in any comparison demonstrated the best discrimination of long-term survival with the ELTS score. In a second step, of 5154 patients analyzed to investigate risk group classification differences, 23% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091197) were allocated to high-risk by the Sokal score. Of the 1197 Sokal high-risk patients, 56% were non-high-risk according to the ELTS score and had a significantly more favorable long-term survival prognosis than the 526 high-risk patients according to both scores. The Sokal score identified too many patients as high-risk and relatively few (40%) as low-risk (versus 60% with the ELTS score). Inappropriate risk classification jeopardizes optimal treatment selection. The ELTS score outperformed the Sokal score, the Euro, and the EUTOS score regarding risk group discrimination. The recent recommendation of the European LeukemiaNet for preferred use of the ELTS score was supported with significant statistical evidence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-020-0931-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,29]],"date-time":"2020-06-29T16:04:07Z","timestamp":1593446647000},"page":"2138-2149","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["The EUTOS long-term survival (ELTS) score is superior to the Sokal score for predicting survival in chronic myeloid leukemia"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8948-0690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"Pfirrmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard 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Honoraria: Novartis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Pfizer. MB, Research support: Ariad. Honoraria: Novartis, Teva, Pfizer, Juno, Astellas, Ambit. Honoraria: Novartis, BMS, Pfizer, Incyte, Ariad, Takeda, Fusion Pharma. Logistic support: Novartis, BMS, Pfizer, Incyte, Ariad. SS, Research support: Bristol Myers Squibb, Incyte, Novartis. Honoraria: Bristol Myers Squibb, Incyte, Novartis, Pfizer. EF, Research support: Angelini, Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis. Speaker: Angelini, Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis. Consultation: Angelini, Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis. Travel Grants: Angelini, Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis, Pfizer, Terumo. AT, Consultation: Novartis, Pfizer, Fusion Pharma. Honoraria: Novartis, Pfizer. AZ, Research support: Cellgene, Janssen. TS, Honoraria: Novartis, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Angelini. Speakers\u2019 bureau: Novartis, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Pfizer, Angelini. DZ, Advisory board: Novartis, Incyte. Speakers\u2019 bureau: Bristol Myers Squibb, Angelini. Consultation: Angelini. Travel grant: Birstol Myers Squibb. FC, Advisory board: Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb. Speakers\u2019 bureau: Incyte, Pfizer. AB, Honoraria: Novartis, Pfizer. Travel grant: Takeda. F Castagnetti, Consultation: Novartis, Incyte, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb. Honoraria: Novartis, Incyte, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb. AH, Research support: Novartis, BMS, Pfizer, Incyte. MP, WP, FG, ML, SH, RH, GO, MH, LG, UOS, HE, PK, BL, AC, IZ, JG, JH, and VSH declare no potential competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All studies complied with the Declaration of Helsinki. They were approved by the local human investigations committee and performed in accordance with the legal requirements of the corresponding country. Informed consent was obtained from all patients.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics statement"}}]}}