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In this retrospective multi-cohort study, we investigated whether combining pyroptosis- and immune-related genes improves prognostic classification of AML patients. Using a robust gene pairing approach, which effectively eliminates batch effects across heterogeneous patient cohorts and transcriptomic data, we developed an immunity and pyroptosis-related prognostic (IPRP) signature that consists of 15 genes. Using 5 AML cohorts (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091327 patients total), we demonstrate that the IPRP score leads to more consistent and accurate survival prediction performance, compared with 10 existing signatures, and that IPRP scoring is widely applicable to various patient cohorts, treatment procedures and transcriptomic technologies. Compared to current standards for AML patient stratification, such as age or ELN2017 risk classification, we demonstrate an added prognostic value of the IPRP risk score for providing improved prediction of AML patients. Our web-tool implementation of the IPRP score and a simple 4-factor nomogram enables practical and robust risk scoring for AML patients. Even though developed for AML patients, our pan-cancer analyses demonstrate a wider application of the IPRP signature for prognostic prediction and analysis of tumor-immune interplay also in multiple solid tumors.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-022-01662-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]],"date-time":"2022-08-09T08:02:45Z","timestamp":1660032165000},"page":"2384-2395","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["An immunity and pyroptosis gene-pair signature predicts overall survival in acute myeloid leukemia"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1070-7136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weikaixin","family":"Kong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6632-2112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liye","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar","family":"Br\u00fcck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimmo","family":"Porkka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4324-8706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline A.","family":"Heckman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6488-9644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sujie","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0886-9769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tero","family":"Aittokallio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"1662_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2021.07.038","volume":"19","author":"Y Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang Y, Kanneganti TD. 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OB: consultancy from Novartis, Amgen, and Sanofi, outside the submitted work. CH: Research funding from BMS\/Celgene, Kronos Bio, Novartis, Oncopeptides, Orion Pharma, and the IMI2 projects HARMONY and HARMONY PLUS, unrelated to this study. All the other authors declare no potential competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}