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Human umbilical cord blood cells were obtained with informed consent under a protocol approved by the University of British Columbia (UBC) Research Ethics Board (REB). Primary umbilical cord blood cells and MDS samples were collected with patient or guardian consent from the Hematology Cell Bank of British Columbia under protocols approved by the UBC REB and institutional review boards at the Royal Adelaide Hospital and Moffitt Cancer Center. Mice were bred and maintained at the BC Cancer Research Center Animal Resources Facility (Vancouver, BC, Canada), with experimental protocols approved by the UBC Animal Care Committee. Ethics approval for xenotransplantation assays (A22-0169) and human cell use (H19-01373, H19-01430) was obtained from the UBC REB for the experiments in this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}}]}}