{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T01:22:43Z","timestamp":1793064163627,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766361600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766361600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006436","name":"Celgene","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N\/A-NI-MM-PI-13884"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A-NI-MM-PI-13884"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006436","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006436","name":"Celgene","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N\/A-NI-MM-PI-13884"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A-NI-MM-PI-13884"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006436","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004339","name":"Sanofi","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004339","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Leukemia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Whole-body imaging plays a critical role in assessing multiple myeloma (MM). The structured scoring systems MY-RADS and KIM score have primarily been developed for newly diagnosed patients (NDMM). However, their application and prognostic significance in relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) remains uncertain. To clarify this, we evaluated whole body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from 46 RRMM patients and compared findings to 68 NDMM patients from the GMMG-HD7 trial using both scoring systems. Despite similar overall disease burden, RRMM patients showed significant differences, characterized by increased paramedullary and extramedullary disease and reduced diffuse marrow infiltration compared to NDMM. Both MY-RADS and KIM scores independently correlated with progression-free and overall survival in RRMM. These results highlight distinct biological patterns in RRMM, emphasizing a shift towards bone marrow-independent growth. Our findings suggest that in RRMM, iliac crest biopsies may underestimate disease burden, underlining the importance of imaging complementing bone marrow diagnostics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-025-02834-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T10:11:22Z","timestamp":1766398282000},"page":"339-347","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Structured whole-body MRI highlights clinically relevant disease pattern changes in relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Martin","family":"Gr\u00f6zinger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muriel","family":"Schlanke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3964-7946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jana","family":"Gr\u00f6ne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stella","family":"Erdmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Hajiyianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra M.","family":"Poos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi","family":"Thierjung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6226-1252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elias K.","family":"Mai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5552-3149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra","family":"Sauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorothee","family":"Kaudewitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaya","family":"Veelken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1596-3763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian S.","family":"Michel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9682-2601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan Hendrik","family":"Frenking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2233-5896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lilli Sophie","family":"Sester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim Frederik","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sam","family":"Sedaghat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Wennmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7166-5232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carsten","family":"M\u00fcller-Tidow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heinz-Peter","family":"Schlemmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Delorme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4181-6922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc S.","family":"Raab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0961-0035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hartmut","family":"Goldschmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5464-3234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niels","family":"Weinhold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8178-6890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lukas","family":"John","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2834_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.25791","volume":"95","author":"SV Rajkumar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rajkumar SV. Multiple myeloma: 2020 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification and management. Am J Hematol. 2020;95:548\u201367.","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"2834_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2020-141611","volume":"136","author":"AM Poos","year":"2020","unstructured":"Poos AM, Giesen N, Catalano C, Paramasivam N, Huebschmann D, John L, et al. Comprehensive comparison of early relapse and end-stage relapsed refractory multiple myeloma. Blood. 2020;136:1\u20131.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2834_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2266","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-019-0435-7","volume":"33","author":"UH Gandhi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gandhi UH, Cornell RF, Lakshman A, Gahvari ZJ, McGehee E, Jagosky MH, et al. Outcomes of patients with multiple myeloma refractory to CD38-targeted monoclonal antibody therapy. 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Sci Immunol. 2025;10:eadp6667.","journal-title":"Sci Immunol"}],"container-title":["Leukemia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41375-025-02834-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41375-025-02834-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41375-025-02834-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T06:56:05Z","timestamp":1770274565000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41375-025-02834-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["2834"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41375-025-02834-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0887-6924","1476-5551"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0887-6924","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5551","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 October 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 November 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 December 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was partially supported by Celgene\/BMS and Sanofi. LJ received honoraria from Janssen and travel grants from Oncopeptides. EKM declares a consulting or advisory role for Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb\/Celgene, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen-Cilag, Oncopeptides, Pfizer, Sanofi, Stemline and Takeda, research funding from Bristol Myers Squibb\/Celgene, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen-Cilag, Sanofi and Takeda, honoraria from Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb\/Celgene, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen-Cilag, Oncopeptides, Pfizer, Sanofi, Stemline and Takeda and travel accommodations and expenses from Bristol Myers Squibb\/Celgene, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen-Cilag, Pfizer, Sanofi, Stemline and Takeda. HG declares Grants and\/or provision of Investigational Medicinal Products from BMS\/Celgene, Dietmar Hopp Foundation, Janssen, Sanofi, Research Support from Amgen, BMS, Celgene, GlycoMimetics Inc., GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Heidelberg Pharma, Hoffmann-La Roche, Janssen Research and Development, Millenium, Novartis, Pfizer, Oncopeptides, Sanofi, Advisory Boards for BMS, Janssen, Sanofi, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Honoraria from Amgen, BMS, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Janssen, Sanofi, Pfizer, Oncopeptides, travel support from Amgen, BMS, GlaxoSmithKline(GSK), Janssen, Sanofi, Pfizer, Oncopeptides. JHF declares an advisory role for Pfizer and has received honoraria from BMS and Stemline and travel and congress participation grants from Janssen-Cilag.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Heidelberg University Medical Faculty ethics review board (reference numbers S-735\/2020 for RRMM and AFmu-412\/2018 for NDMM) and complied with all relevant ethical regulations. Signed written informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki was obtained for all cases included in this study. Study subjects did not receive compensation for participation in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}}]}}