{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T18:50:40Z","timestamp":1791917440402,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U25A203573"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U25A203573"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12372168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12372168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52475314"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52475314"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12572184"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12572184"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LRG25A020001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LRG25A020001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LMS25E050011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LMS25E050011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microsyst Nanoeng"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41378-026-01292-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T08:32:30Z","timestamp":1779265950000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Fingertip-scale six-axis tactile interface with high-precision force sensing and position localization for dexterous human\u2013machine interactions"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yi","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zongke","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weilang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aiping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4505-7062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huaping","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"1292_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aar7650","volume":"3","author":"G Yang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yang, G. et al. The Grand Challenges of Science Robotics. Sci. Robot. 3, eaar7650 (2018).","journal-title":"Sci. Robot."},{"key":"1292_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.abb0467","volume":"5","author":"M Laffranchi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Laffranchi, M. et al. The Hannes hand prosthesis replicates the key biological properties of the human hand. Sci. Robot. 5, eabb0467 (2020).","journal-title":"Sci. Robot."},{"key":"1292_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-57741-6","volume":"16","author":"N Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang, N. et al. Soft robotic hand with tactile palm-finger coordination. Nat. Commun. 16, 2395 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1292_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adp0348","volume":"10","author":"Y Qiu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qiu, Y. et al. Quantitative softness and texture bimodal haptic sensors for robotic clinical feature identification and intelligent picking. Sci. Adv. 10, eadp0348 (2024).","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"1292_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3945","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2022.3149037","volume":"7","author":"O Shorthose","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shorthose, O., Albini, A., He, L. & Maiolino, P. Design of a 3D-printed soft robotic hand with integrated distributed tactile sensing. IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett. 7, 3945\u20133952 (2022).","journal-title":"IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett."},{"key":"1292_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2306368","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202306368","volume":"33","author":"W Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu, W. et al. An intelligent robotic system capable of sensing and describing objects based on bimodal, self-powered flexible sensors. Adv. Funct. Mater. 33, 2306368 (2023).","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"1292_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-control-060117-105003","volume":"2","author":"C Piazza","year":"2019","unstructured":"Piazza, C., Grioli, G., Catalano, M. G. & Bicchi, A. A century of robotic hands. Annu. Rev. Control. Robot. Auton. Syst. 2, 1\u201332 (2019).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Control. Robot. Auton. Syst."},{"key":"1292_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27238","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2021.3123638","volume":"21","author":"MY Cao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cao, M. Y., Laws, S. & Baena, F. R. y. Six-axis force\/torque sensors for robotics applications: a review. IEEE Sens. J. 21, 27238\u201327251 (2021).","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. J."},{"key":"1292_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23764","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c08114","volume":"12","author":"Y Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li, Y. et al. Smart glove integrated with tunable MWNTs\/PDMS fibers made of a one-step extrusion method for finger dexterity, gesture, and temperature recognition. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 12, 23764\u201323773 (2020).","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"1292_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1038\/s44222-024-00194-1","volume":"2","author":"C Zhao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhao, C., Park, J., Root, S. E. & Bao, Z. Skin-inspired soft bioelectronic materials, devices and systems. Nat. Rev. Bioeng. 2, 671\u2013690 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Bioeng."},{"key":"1292_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5211","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c12606","volume":"17","author":"Y Luo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Luo, Y. et al. Technology roadmap for flexible sensors. ACS Nano 17, 5211\u20135295 (2023).","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"1292_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2020.105337","volume":"78","author":"Y Qiu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Qiu, Y. et al. Bioinspired, multifunctional dual-mode pressure sensors as electronic skin for decoding complex loading processes and human motions. Nano Energy 78, 105337 (2020).","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"key":"1292_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cis.2025.103600","volume":"344","author":"H Jin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jin, H. et al. Exploiting mechanical sensing in deformed surface and interface towards soft robots. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 344, 103600 (2025).","journal-title":"Adv. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"1292_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2100038","DOI":"10.1002\/admt.202100038","volume":"6","author":"Z Pei","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pei, Z. et al. A fully 3D-printed wearable piezoresistive strain and tactile sensing array for robot hand. Adv. Mater. Technol. 6, 2100038 (2021).","journal-title":"Adv. Mater. Technol."},{"key":"1292_CR15","first-page":"1","volume":"73","author":"X Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu, X., Yang, W., Meng, F. & Sun, T. Material recognition using robotic hand with capacitive tactile sensor array and machine learning. IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 73, 1\u20139 (2024).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas."},{"key":"1292_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12974","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.4c01042","volume":"16","author":"X Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li, X. et al. Capacitive pressure sensor combining dual dielectric layers with integrated composite electrode for wearable healthcare monitoring. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 16, 12974\u201312985 (2024).","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"1292_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2306249","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202306249","volume":"33","author":"J Qu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Qu, J. et al. Recent progress in advanced tactile sensing technologies for soft grippers. Adv. Funct. Mater. 33, 2306249 (2023).","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"1292_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.34133\/research.1063","volume":"9","author":"Y Li","year":"2026","unstructured":"Li, Y. et al. Mantis leg-inspired smart insole integrating closed-loop power supply for advanced wearable gait diagnostics. Research 9, 1063 (2026).","journal-title":"Research"},{"key":"1292_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2302633","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202302633","volume":"34","author":"H Lee","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lee, H. et al. Gradual electrical-double-layer modulation in ion-polymer networks for flexible pressure sensors with wide dynamic range. Adv. Funct. Mater. 34, 2302633 (2024).","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"1292_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aat0429","volume":"3","author":"Y Wu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wu, Y. et al. A skin-inspired tactile sensor for smart prosthetics. Sci. Robot. 3, eaat0429 (2018).","journal-title":"Sci. Robot."},{"key":"1292_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2025.110911","volume":"139","author":"Z Cui","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cui, Z. et al. Skin-integrated haptic interface system based on a stretchable pressure sensor array for wireless tactile visualization applications. Nano Energy 139, 110911 (2025).","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"key":"1292_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2414050","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202414050","volume":"35","author":"J Baek","year":"2025","unstructured":"Baek, J. et al. Design rules for 3D printing-assisted pressure sensor manufacturing: achieving broad pressure range linearity. Adv. Funct. Mater. 35, 2414050 (2025).","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"1292_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-021-00439-3","volume":"4","author":"H Sun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sun, H., Kuchenbecker, K. J. & Martius, G. A soft thumb-sized vision-based sensor with accurate all-round force perception. Nat. Mach. Intell. 4, 135\u2013145 (2022).","journal-title":"Nat. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"1292_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2024.109357","volume":"123","author":"D Ruan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ruan, D. et al. Bionic octopus-like flexible three-dimensional force sensor for meticulous handwriting recognition in human-computer interactions. Nano Energy 123, 109357 (2024).","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"key":"1292_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adk5556","volume":"384","author":"Z Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu, Z. et al. A Three-Dimensionally Architected Electronic Skin Mimicking Human Mechanosensation. Science 384, 987\u2013994 (2024).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1292_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nanoen.2022.107073","volume":"96","author":"J Hu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hu, J. et al. Flexible six-dimensional force sensor inspired by the tenon-and-mortise structure of ancient Chinese architecture for orthodontics. Nano Energy 96, 107073 (2022).","journal-title":"Nano Energy"},{"key":"1292_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-60861-8","volume":"16","author":"Q Mao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mao, Q., Liao, Z., Liu, S., Yuan, J. & Zhu, R. An ultralight, tiny, flexible six-axis force\/torque sensor enables dexterous fingertip manipulations. Nat. Commun. 16, 5693 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1292_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-bioeng-103122-032652","volume":"26","author":"JH Koo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Koo, J. H. et al. Electronic skin: opportunities and challenges in convergence with machine learning. Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng. 26, 331\u2013355 (2024).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"1292_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2762","DOI":"10.3390\/s17122762","volume":"17","author":"W Yuan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yuan, W., Dong, S. & Adelson, E. GelSight: high-resolution robot tactile sensors for estimating geometry and force. Sensors 17, 2762 (2017).","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"1292_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1089\/soro.2017.0052","volume":"5","author":"B Ward-Cherrier","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ward-Cherrier, B. et al. The Tactip family: soft optical tactile sensors with 3d-printed biomimetic morphologies. Soft Robot 5, 216\u2013227 (2018).","journal-title":"Soft Robot"},{"key":"1292_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Padmanabha, A. et al. Omnitact: a multi-directional high-resolution touch sensor. In Proc. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 618\u2013624 (IEEE, 2020).","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA40945.2020.9196712"},{"key":"1292_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2300042","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202300042","volume":"5","author":"I Andrussow","year":"2023","unstructured":"Andrussow, I., Sun, H., Kuchenbecker, K. J. & Martius, G. Minsight: A Fingertip-Sized Vision-Based Tactile Sensor for Robotic Manipulation. Adv. Intell. Syst. 5, 2300042 (2023).","journal-title":"Adv. Intell. Syst."},{"key":"1292_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, C., Wang, S., Romero, B., Veiga, F. & Adelson, E. Swingbot: learning physical features from in-hand tactile exploration for dynamic swing-up manipulation. In Proc. IEEE\/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) 5633\u20135640 (IEEE, 2020).","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS45743.2020.9341006"},{"key":"1292_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2312370","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202312370","volume":"34","author":"L Wu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wu, L. et al. Beetle-inspired gradient slant structures for capacitive pressure sensor with a broad linear response range. Adv. Funct. Mater. 34, 2312370 (2024).","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"1292_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2305883","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202305883","volume":"11","author":"H Yu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yu, H. et al. Skin-inspired capacitive flexible tactile sensor with an asymmetric structure for detecting directional shear forces. Adv. Sci. 11, 2305883 (2024).","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"1292_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Erickson, Z. et al. Multidimensional Capacitive Sensing for Robot-Assisted Dressing and Bathing. in Proc. IEEE 16th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR) 224\u2013231 (IEEE, 2019).","DOI":"10.1109\/ICORR.2019.8779542"},{"key":"1292_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22179","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c04448","volume":"12","author":"S Peng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Peng, S. et al. Multimodal capacitive and piezoresistive sensor for simultaneous measurement of multiple forces. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 12, 22179\u201322190 (2020).","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"1292_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sicotte-Brisson, J.-C., Bernier, A., Kwiatkowski, J. & Duchaine, V. Capacitive tactile sensor using mutual capacitance sensing method for increased resolution. In Proc. International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 10788\u201310794 (IEEE, 2022).","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA46639.2022.9811696"},{"key":"1292_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5055","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.5c00356","volume":"125","author":"R Raman","year":"2025","unstructured":"Raman, R., Chen, X. & Zhao, X. Introduction: soft robotics. Chem. Rev. 125, 5055\u20135056 (2025).","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"1292_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2308829","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202308829","volume":"36","author":"DR Yao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yao, D. R., Kim, I., Yin, S. & Gao, W. Multimodal soft robotic actuation and locomotion. Adv. Mater. 36, 2308829 (2024).","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"1292_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.ads1292","volume":"10","author":"C Chen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chen, C. et al. Advancing physical intelligence for autonomous soft robots. Sci. Robot. 10, eads1292 (2025).","journal-title":"Sci. Robot."},{"key":"1292_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14543","volume":"521","author":"D Rus","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rus, D. & Tolley, M. T. Design, fabrication and control of soft robots. Nature 521, 467\u2013475 (2015).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1292_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-56025-3","volume":"16","author":"C Ayg\u00fcl","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ayg\u00fcl, C., G\u00fcven, C., Frunzi, S. A., Katz, B. J. & Nemitz, M. P. A framework for soft mechanism driven robots. Nat. Commun. 16, 1426 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1292_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gomes, D. F., Lin, Z. & Luo, S. GelTip: A Finger-Shaped Optical Tactile Sensor for Robotic Manipulation. In Proc. IEEE\/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) 9903\u20139909. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IROS45743.2020.9340881 (2020).","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS45743.2020.9340881"},{"key":"1292_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-021-00489-x","volume":"22","author":"A Handler","year":"2021","unstructured":"Handler, A. & Ginty, D. D. The mechanosensory neurons of touch and their mechanisms of activation. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 22, 521\u2013537 (2021).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"1292_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2022.3233784","volume":"8","author":"H Zheng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zheng, H., Jin, Y., Wang, H. & Zhao, P. DotView: a low-cost compact tactile sensor for pressure, shear, and torsion estimation. IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett. 8, 880\u2013887 (2023).","journal-title":"IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett."},{"key":"1292_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2024.3511431","volume":"10","author":"H Zheng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zheng, H., Shi, X., Bao, A., Jin, Y. & Zhao, P. DotTip: enhancing dexterous robotic manipulation with a tactile fingertip featuring curved perceptual morphology. IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett. 10, 772\u2013779 (2025).","journal-title":"IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett."},{"key":"1292_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4447","DOI":"10.1109\/LRA.2020.3000428","volume":"5","author":"H Park","year":"2020","unstructured":"Park, H., Park, J., Lee, D.-H., Park, J.-H. & Bae, J.-H. Compliant peg-in-hole assembly using partial spiral force trajectory with tilted peg posture. IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett. 5, 4447\u20134454 (2020).","journal-title":"IEEE Robot. Autom. Lett."},{"key":"1292_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Taylor, I. H., Dong, S. & Rodriguez, A. Gelslim 3.0: high-resolution measurement of shape, force and slip in a compact tactile-sensing finger. In Proc. International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 10781\u201310787 (IEEE, 2022).","DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA46639.2022.9811832"},{"key":"1292_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7452","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2023.3312418","volume":"71","author":"C Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang, C. et al. GelStereo 2.0: an improved GelStereo sensor with multimedium refractive stereo calibration. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 71, 7452\u20137462 (2024).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron."}],"container-title":["Microsystems & Nanoengineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41378-026-01292-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41378-026-01292-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41378-026-01292-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T10:04:22Z","timestamp":1779271462000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41378-026-01292-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1292"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41378-026-01292-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-7434"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2055-7434","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 February 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 March 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 May 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"193"}}