{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,13]],"date-time":"2026-11-13T06:46:53Z","timestamp":1794552413409,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":127,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]],"date-time":"2018-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525824000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-018-0054-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,3]],"date-time":"2018-05-03T07:43:06Z","timestamp":1525333386000},"page":"218-240","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":116,"title":["Evolution of gamma knife capsulotomy for intractable obsessive-compulsive disorder"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Euripedes C.","family":"Miguel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio C.","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole C. R.","family":"McLaughlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Nor\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 F.","family":"Gentil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clement","family":"Hamani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roseli G.","family":"Shavitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1347-8241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcelo C.","family":"Batistuzzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edoardo F. Q.","family":"Vattimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Canteras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"De Salles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Gorgulho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Victor","family":"Salvajoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erich Talamoni","family":"Fonoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Paddick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo Q.","family":"Hoexter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christer","family":"Lindquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne N.","family":"Haber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin D.","family":"Greenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameer A.","family":"Sheth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"54_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v61n0213","volume":"61","author":"EC Miguel","year":"2000","unstructured":"Miguel EC, do Ros\u00e1rio-Campos MC, da Silva Prado H, do Valle R, Rauch SL, Coffey BJ, et al. Sensory phenomena in obsessive-compulsive disorder and Tourette\u2019s disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2000;61:150\u20136.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.06.010","volume":"57","author":"RG Shavitt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shavitt RG, de Mathis MA, Oki F, Ferrao YA, Fontenelle LF, Torres AR, et al. Phenomenology of OCD: lessons from a large multicenter study and implications for ICD-11. J Psychiatr Res. 2014;57:141\u20138.","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"54_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2016.05.005","volume":"42","author":"NJ Sibrava","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sibrava NJ, Boisseau CL, Eisen JL, Mancebo MC, Rasmussen SA. An empirical investigation of incompleteness in a large clinical sample of obsessive compulsive disorder. J Anxiety Disord. 2016;42:45\u201351.","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"key":"54_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2008.94","volume":"15","author":"AM Ruscio","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ruscio AM, Stein DJ, Chiu WT, Kessler RC. The epidemiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Mol Psychiatry. 2010;15:53\u201363.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.56.2.121","volume":"56","author":"G Skoog","year":"1999","unstructured":"Skoog G, Skoog I. A 40-year follow-up of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1999;56:121\u20137.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2016.115","volume":"22","author":"L Fernandez de la Cruz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fernandez de la Cruz L, Rydell M, Runeson B, D\u2019Onofrio BM, Brander G, Ruck C, et al. Suicide in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a population-based study of 36788 Swedish patients. Mol Psychiatry. 2017;22:1626\u201332.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt219","volume":"178","author":"WW Eaton","year":"2013","unstructured":"Eaton WW, Roth KB, Bruce M, Cottler L, Wu L, Nestadt G, et al. The relationship of mental and behavioral disorders to all-cause mortality in a 27-year follow-up of 4 epidemiologic catchment area samples. Am J Epidemiol. 2013;178:1366\u201377.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"54_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2015.3105","volume":"73","author":"SM Meier","year":"2016","unstructured":"Meier SM, Mattheisen M, Mors O, Schendel DE, Mortensen PB, Plessen KJ. Mortality among persons with obsessive-compulsive disorder in Denmark. JAMA Psychiatry. 2016;73:268\u201374.","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.2200","volume":"317","author":"ME Hirschtritt","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hirschtritt ME, Bloch MH, Mathews CA. Obsessive-compulsive disorder: advances in diagnosis and treatment. JAMA. 2017;317:1358\u201367.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"54_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.12.003","volume":"227","author":"NA Fineberg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fineberg NA, Reghunandanan S, Simpson HB, Phillips KA, Richter MA, Matthews K, et al. Obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder (OCD): practical strategies for pharmacological and somatic treatment in adults. Psychiatry Res. 2015;227:114\u201325.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"54_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2004.08.004","volume":"24","author":"KT Eddy","year":"2004","unstructured":"Eddy KT, Dutra L, Bradley R, Westen D. A multidimensional meta-analysis of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Clin Psychol Rev. 2004;24:1011\u201330.","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"54_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.11.058","volume":"225","author":"D McKay","year":"2015","unstructured":"McKay D, Sookman D, Neziroglu F, Wilhelm S, Stein DJ, Kyrios M, et al. Efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy for obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Res. 2015;225:236\u201346.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"54_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)30069-4","volume":"3","author":"P Skapinakis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Skapinakis P, Caldwell DM, Hollingworth W, Bryden P, Fineberg NA, Salkovskis P, et al. Pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions for management of obsessive-compulsive disorder in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Lancet Psychiatry. 2016;3:730\u20139.","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1017\/S109285290000225X","volume":"9","author":"DS Husted","year":"2004","unstructured":"Husted DS, Shapira NA. A review of the treatment for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: from medicine to deep brain stimulation. CNS Spectr. 2004;9:833\u201347.","journal-title":"CNS Spectr"},{"key":"54_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22013","volume":"30","author":"E Jakubovski","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jakubovski E, Diniz JB, Valerio C, Fossaluza V, Belotto\u2010Silva C, Gorenstein C, et al. Clinical predictors of long\u2010term outcome in obsessive\u2010compulsive disorder. Depress Anxiety. 2013;30:763\u201372.","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"54_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2011.08.008","volume":"26","author":"C Belotto-Silva","year":"2012","unstructured":"Belotto-Silva C, Diniz JB, Malavazzi DM, Val\u00e9rio C, Fossaluza V, Borcato S, et al. Group cognitive-behavioral therapy versus selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a practical clinical trial. J Anxiety Disord. 2012;26:25\u201331.","journal-title":"J Anxiety Disord"},{"key":"54_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.08m04806blu","volume":"71","author":"JL Eisen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Eisen JL, Pinto A, Mancebo MC, Dyck IR, Orlando ME, Rasmussen SA. A 2-year prospective follow-up study of the course of obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2010;71:1033\u20139.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-200110000-00006","volume":"21","author":"S Erzegovesi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Erzegovesi S, Cavallini MC, Cavedini P, Diaferia G, Locatelli M, Bellodi L. Clinical predictors of drug response in obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2001;21:488\u201392.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"54_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2006.04.019","volume":"94","author":"YA Ferr\u00e3o","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ferr\u00e3o YA, Shavitt RG, Bedin NR, De Mathis ME, Lopes AC, Fontenelle LF, et al. Clinical features associated to refractory obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder. J Affect Disord. 2006;94:199\u2013209.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"54_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465809990294","volume":"37","author":"J Langner","year":"2009","unstructured":"Langner J, Laws M, R\u00f6per G, Zaudig M, Hauke W, Piesbergen C. Predicting therapy outcome in patients with early and late obsessive-compulsive disorder (EOCD and LOCD). Behav Cogn Psychother. 2009;37:485\u201396.","journal-title":"Behav Cogn Psychother"},{"key":"54_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.156.9.1409","volume":"156","author":"D Mataix-Cols","year":"1999","unstructured":"Mataix-Cols D, Rauch SL, Manzo PA, Jenike MA, Baer L. Use of factor-analyzed symptom dimensions to predict outcome with serotonin reuptake inhibitors and placebo in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1999;156:1409\u201316.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v63n0105","volume":"63","author":"S Saxena","year":"2002","unstructured":"Saxena S, Maidment KM, Vapnik T, Golden G, Rishwain T, Rosen RM, et al. Obsessive-compulsive hoarding: symptom severity and response to multimodal treatment. J Clin Psychiatry. 2002;63:21\u201327.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-44462003000100009","volume":"25","author":"G Steketee","year":"2003","unstructured":"Steketee G, Van Noppen B. Family approaches to treatment for obsessive compulsive disorder. Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 2003;25:43\u201350.","journal-title":"Rev Bras Psiquiatr"},{"key":"54_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.neuropsych.12090226","volume":"26","author":"SL Garnaat","year":"2014","unstructured":"Garnaat SL, Greenberg BD, Sibrava NJ, Goodman WK, Mancebo MC, Eisen JL, et al. Who qualifies for deep brain stimulation for OCD? Data from a naturalistic clinical sample. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2014;26:81\u201386.","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"54_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.1193","volume":"71","author":"AC Lopes","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lopes AC, Greenberg BD, Canteras MM, Batistuzzo MC, Hoexter MQ, Gentil AF, et al. Gamma ventral capsulotomy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2014;71:1066\u201376.","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2009.128","volume":"35","author":"BD Greenberg","year":"2010","unstructured":"Greenberg BD, Rauch SL, Haber SN. Invasive circuitry-based neurotherapeutics: stereotactic ablation and deep brain stimulation for OCD. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2010;35:317\u201336.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"54_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.3171\/2012.11.JNS12389","volume":"118","author":"SA Sheth","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sheth SA, Neal J, Tangherlini F, Mian MK, Gentil A, Cosgrove GR, et al. Limbic system surgery for treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: a prospective long-term follow-up of 64 patients: clinical article. J Neurosurg. 2013;118:491\u20137.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"54_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1126\/science.106.2754.349","volume":"106","author":"EA Spiegel","year":"1947","unstructured":"Spiegel EA, Wycis HT, Marks M, Lee A. Stereotaxic apparatus for operations on the human brain. Science. 1947;106:349\u201350.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"54_CR29","first-page":"385","volume":"115","author":"E Moniz","year":"1936","unstructured":"Moniz E. Essai d\u2019un traitement chirurgical de certaines psychoses. Bull Acad Natl Med. 1936;115:385\u201392.","journal-title":"Bull Acad Natl Med"},{"key":"54_CR30","first-page":"59","volume":"83","author":"J Talairach","year":"1949","unstructured":"Talairach J, Hecaen H, David M. Lobotomie pr\u00e9frontale limit\u00e9e par \u00e9lectrocoagulation des fibres thalamo-frontales \u00e0 leur \u00e9mergence du bras ant\u00e9rieur de la capsule interne. Rev Neurol (Paris). 1949;83:59.","journal-title":"Rev Neurol (Paris)"},{"key":"54_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(52)90051-2","volume":"259","author":"C Whitty","year":"1952","unstructured":"Whitty C, Duffield J, Tow P, Cairns H. Anterior cingulectomy in the treatment of mental disease. Lancet. 1952;259:475\u201381.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"54_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1962.19.2.0089","volume":"19","author":"EL Foltz","year":"1962","unstructured":"Foltz EL, White LE Jr. Pain \u201crelief\u201d by frontal cingulumotomy. J Neurosurg. 1962;19:89\u2013100.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"54_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1967.26.5.0488","volume":"26","author":"HT Ballantine Jr","year":"1967","unstructured":"Ballantine HT Jr, Cassidy WL, Flanagan NB, Marino R Jr. Stereotaxic anterior cingulotomy for neuropsychiatric illness and intractable pain. J Neurosurg. 1967;26:488\u201395.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"54_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800510207","volume":"51","author":"G Knight","year":"1964","unstructured":"Knight G. The orbital cortex as an objective in the surgical treatment of mental illness. The results of 450 cases of open operation and the development of the stereotactic approach. Br J Surg. 1964;51:114\u201324.","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"54_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.28.4.304","volume":"28","author":"G Knight","year":"1965","unstructured":"Knight G. Stereotactic tractotomy in the surgical treatment of mental illness. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1965;28:304.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.123.2.141","volume":"123","author":"D Kelly","year":"1973","unstructured":"Kelly D, Richardson A, Mitchell-Heggs N, Greenup J, Chen C, Hafner R. Stereotactic limbic leucotomy. Br J Psychiatry. 1973;123:141\u20138.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.123.2.133","volume":"123","author":"D Kelly","year":"1973","unstructured":"Kelly D, Richardson A, Mitchell-Heggs N. Stereotactic limbic leucotomy: neurophysiological aspects and operative technique. Br J Psychiatry. 1973;123:133\u201340.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S31.e39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2012.06.029","volume":"80","author":"SR Patel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Patel SR, Aronson JP, Sheth SA, Eskandar EN. Lesion procedures in psychiatric neurosurgery. World Neurosurg. 2013;80:S31.e39\u2013S31.e16.","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"54_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S32.e31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2013.07.004","volume":"80","author":"M L\u00e9v\u00eaque","year":"2013","unstructured":"L\u00e9v\u00eaque M, Carron R, R\u00e9gis J. Radiosurgery for the treatment of psychiatric disorders: a review. World Neurosurg. 2013;80:S32.e31\u2013S32.e39.","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"54_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2014.154","volume":"20","author":"HH Jung","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jung HH, Kim SJ, Roh D, Chang JG, Chang WS, Kweon EJ, et al. Bilateral thermal capsulotomy with MR-guided focused ultrasound for patients with treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: a proof-of-concept study. Mol Psychiatry. 2015;20:1205\u201312011.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2008.55","volume":"15","author":"BD Greenberg","year":"2010","unstructured":"Greenberg BD, Gabriels LA, Malone DA, Rezai AR, Friehs GM, Okun MS, et al. Deep brain stimulation of the ventral internal capsule\/ventral striatum for obsessive-compulsive disorder: worldwide experience. Mol Psychiatry. 2010;15:64\u201379.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000499","volume":"75","author":"C Hamani","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hamani C, Pilitsis J, Rughani AI, Rosenow JM, Patil PG, Slavin KS, et al. Deep brain stimulation for obsessive-compulsive disorder: systematic review and evidence-based guideline sponsored by the American Society for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery and the Congress of Neurological Surgeons (CNS) and endorsed by the CNS and American Association of Neurological Surgeons. Neurosurgery. 2014;75:327\u201333.","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"54_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/10.11.1078","volume":"10","author":"JH Callicott","year":"2000","unstructured":"Callicott JH, Bertolino A, Mattay VS, Langheim FJP, Duyn J, Coppola R, et al. Physiological dysfunction of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia revisited. Cereb Cortex. 2000;10:1078\u201392.","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"54_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.9.3.471","volume":"9","author":"HS Mayberg","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mayberg HS. Limbic-cortical dysregulation: a proposed model of depression. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1997;9:471\u201381.","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"54_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.3.301","volume":"62","author":"OA Heuvel van den","year":"2005","unstructured":"van den Heuvel OA, Veltman DJ, Groenewegen HJ, Cath DC, van Balkom AJLM, van Hartskamp J, et al. Frontal-striatal dysfunction during planning in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005;62:301\u20139.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/14.2.179","volume":"14","author":"TE Goldberg","year":"1988","unstructured":"Goldberg TE, Weinberger DR. Probing prefrontal function in schizophrenia with neuropsychological paradigms. Schizophr Bull. 1988;14:179\u201383.","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"54_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3119","volume":"12","author":"RZ Goldstein","year":"2011","unstructured":"Goldstein RZ, Volkow ND. Dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex in addiction: neuroimaging findings and clinical implications. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2011;12:652\u201369.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"54_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2010.09.016","volume":"45","author":"T Nakamae","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nakamae T, Narumoto J, Sakai Y, Nishida S, Yamada K, Nishimura T, et al. Diffusion tensor imaging and tract-based spatial statistics in obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Psychiatr Res. 2011;45:687\u201390.","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"54_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2098","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq138","volume":"133","author":"J Upadhyay","year":"2010","unstructured":"Upadhyay J, Maleki N, Potter J, Elman I, Rudrauf D, Knudsen J, et al. Alterations in brain structure and functional connectivity in prescription opioid-dependent patients. Brain. 2010;133:2098\u2013114.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"54_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20246","volume":"24","author":"PA Cannistraro","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cannistraro PA, Makris N, Howard JD, Wedig MM, Hodge SM, Wilhelm S, et al. A diffusion tensor imaging study of white matter in obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder. Depress Anxiety. 2007;24:440\u20136.","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"54_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.3171\/2016.1.JNS15601","volume":"126","author":"RA McGovern","year":"2017","unstructured":"McGovern RA, Sheth SA. Role of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex in obsessive-compulsive disorder: converging evidence from cognitive neuroscience and psychiatric neurosurgery. J Neurosurg. 2017;126:132\u201347.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"54_CR52","first-page":"E3","volume":"117","author":"J Hauptman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hauptman J, DeSalles A, Espinoza R, Sedrak M, Ishida W. Potential surgical targets for deep brain stimulation in treatment-resistant depression. Neurosurg Focus. 2012;117:E3.","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"54_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20286","volume":"478","author":"JD Schmahmann","year":"2004","unstructured":"Schmahmann JD, Rosene DL, Pandya DN. Motor projections to the basis pontis in rhesus monkey. J Comp Neurol. 2004;478:248\u201368.","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"54_CR54","volume-title":"Fiber pathways of the brain","author":"JD Schmahmann","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schmahmann JD, Pandya D. Fiber pathways of the brain. 1st ed.. New York: Oxford University Press; 2009.","edition":"1st ed."},{"key":"54_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10392","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0595-11.2011","volume":"31","author":"JF Lehman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lehman JF, Greenberg BD, McIntyre CC, Rasmussen SA, Haber SN. Rules ventral prefrontal cortical axons use to reach their targets: implications for diffusion tensor imaging tractography and deep brain stimulation for psychiatric illness. J Neurosci. 2011;31:10392\u2013402.","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"54_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(75)90973-7","volume":"84","author":"GR Leichnetz","year":"1975","unstructured":"Leichnetz GR, Astruc J. Efferent connections of the orbitofrontal cortex in the marmoset (Saguinus oedipus). Brain Res. 1975;84:169\u201380.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"54_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(76)90206-7","volume":"110","author":"D Tanaka","year":"1976","unstructured":"Tanaka D. Thalamic projections of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). Brain Res. 1976;110:21\u201338.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"54_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0270(99)00132-6","volume":"94","author":"H Axer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Axer H, Keyserlingk DG. Mapping of fiber orientation in human internal capsule by means of polarized light and confocal scanning laser microscopy. J Neurosci Methods. 2000;94:165\u201375.","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"54_CR59","volume-title":"Anatomie des Centres Nerveux","author":"JJ D\u00e9jerine","year":"1901","unstructured":"D\u00e9jerine JJ, Dejerine-Klumpke A. Anatomie des Centres Nerveux. Paris: Rueff et Cie; 1901."},{"issue":"8","key":"54_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2106","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2335-17.2017","volume":"38","author":"Ziad Safadi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Safadi Z, Grisot G, Jbabdi S, Tim Behrens T, Heilbronner S, Joe Mandeville J, et al. Functional segmentation of the anterior limb of the internal capsule: linking white matter abnormalities to specific connections. J Neurosci 2018;38:2106\u20132117.","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"54_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3190","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2457-12.2013","volume":"33","author":"S Jbabdi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jbabdi S, Lehman JF, Haber SN, Behrens TE. Human and monkey ventral prefrontal fibers use the same organizational principles to reach their targets: tracing versus tractography. J Neurosci. 2013;33:3190\u2013201.","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"54_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3746","volume":"15","author":"DL Pauls","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pauls DL, Abramovitch A, Rauch SL, Geller DA. Obsessive-compulsive disorder: an integrative genetic and neurobiological perspective. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2014;15:410\u201324.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"54_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199502000-00008","volume":"36","author":"L Kihlstr\u00f6m","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kihlstr\u00f6m L, Guo W-Y, Lindquist C, Mindus P. Radiobiology of radiosurgery for refractory anxiety disorders. Neurosurgery. 1995;36:294\u2013302.","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"54_CR64","unstructured":"Rasmussen S. Anterior gamma capsulotomy for intractable OCD. Textbook of the 5th International Obsesive-Compulsive Disorder Conference. Sardinia, Italy, 2001."},{"key":"54_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1999.tb09259.x","volume":"877","author":"SN Haber","year":"1999","unstructured":"Haber SN, McFarland NR. The concept of the ventral striatum in nonhuman primates. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1999;877:33\u201348.","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"54_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.113.126409","volume":"55","author":"K Suetens","year":"2014","unstructured":"Suetens K, Nuttin B, Gabri\u00ebls L, Van Laere K. Differences in metabolic network modulation between capsulotomy and deep-brain stimulation for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Nucl Med. 2014;55:951\u20139.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"54_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.09.061","volume":"447","author":"JP Cecconi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cecconi JP, Lopes AC, de Souza Duran FL, Santos LC, Hoexter MQ, Gentil AF, et al. Gamma ventral capsulotomy for treatment of resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: a structural MRI pilot prospective study. Neurosci Lett. 2008;447:138\u201342.","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"54_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.9.JNS13839","volume":"120","author":"JC Yang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yang JC, Ginat DT, Dougherty DD, Makris N, Eskandar EN. Lesion analysis for cingulotomy and limbic leucotomy: comparison and correlation with clinical outcomes. J Neurosurg. 2014;120:152\u201363.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"54_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.2009.21.4.381","volume":"21","author":"AC Lopes","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lopes AC, Greenberg BD, Nor\u00e9n G, Canteras MM, Busatto GF, de Mathis ME, et al. Treatment of resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder with ventral capsular\/ventral striatal gamma capsulotomy: a pilot prospective study. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2009;21:381\u201392.","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"54_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1007\/s11682-015-9462-9","volume":"10","author":"N Makris","year":"2016","unstructured":"Makris N, Rathi Y, Mouradian P, Bonmassar G, Papadimitriou G, Ing WI, et al. Variability and anatomical specificity of the orbitofrontothalamic fibers of passage in the ventral capsule\/ventral striatum (VC\/VS): precision care for patient-specific tractography-guided targeting of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Brain Imaging Behav. 2016;10:1054\u201367.","journal-title":"Brain Imaging Behav"},{"key":"54_CR71","first-page":"142","volume":"25","author":"L Leksell","year":"1955","unstructured":"Leksell L, Herner T, Liden K. Stereotactic radiosurgery of the brain: report of a case. K Fysiogr S\u00e4llsk Lund F\u00f6rh. 1955;25:142.","journal-title":"K Fysiogr S\u00e4llsk Lund F\u00f6rh"},{"key":"54_CR72","volume-title":"Stereotaxis and radiosurgery: an operative system","author":"L Leksell","year":"1971","unstructured":"Leksell L. Stereotaxis and radiosurgery: an operative system. Springfield, IL: Thomas; 1971."},{"key":"54_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.46.9.797","volume":"46","author":"L Leksell","year":"1983","unstructured":"Leksell L. Stereotactic radiosurgery. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1983;46:797\u2013803.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR74","first-page":"547","volume":"75","author":"G Rylander","year":"1978","unstructured":"Rylander G. F\u00f6rs\u00f6k med gammakapsulotomi vid \u00e5ngest-och tv\u00e5ngsneuroser. Lakartidningen. 1978;75:547\u20139.","journal-title":"Lakartidningen"},{"key":"54_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199708000-00011","volume":"41","author":"L Kihlstr\u00f6m","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kihlstr\u00f6m L, Hindmarsh T, Lax I, Lippitz B, Mindus P, Lindquist C. Radiosurgical lesions in the normal human brain 17 years after gamma knife capsulotomy. Neurosurgery. 1997;41:396\u2013402.","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"54_CR76","first-page":"384","volume":"38","author":"S Rasmussen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rasmussen S, Greenberg B. Long-term followup of gamma capsulotomy for intractable OCD. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2013;38(Suppl 2):384\u20135. (abstract T167)","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"5","key":"54_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2017.11.034","volume":"84","author":"Steven A. Rasmussen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rasmussen SA, Nor\u00e9n G, Greenberg B, Marsland R, McLaughlin N, Malloy P, et al. Gamma ventral capsulotomy in intractable obsessive-compulsive disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsych.2017.11.034 (e-pub ahead of print 15 December 2017).","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e3181fc5c8b","volume":"68","author":"D Kondziolka","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kondziolka D, Flickinger JC, Hudak R. Results following gamma knife radiosurgical anterior capsulotomies for obsessive compulsive disorder. Neurosurgery. 2011;68:28\u201333.","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"54_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.3171\/2013.5.JNS13201","volume":"119","author":"JP Sheehan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sheehan JP, Patterson G, Schlesinger D, Xu Z. Gamma knife surgery anterior capsulotomy for severe and refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: Clinical article. J Neurosurg. 2013;119:1112\u20138.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"54_CR80","first-page":"235","volume-title":"Modern concepts in psychiatric surgery","author":"G Rylander","year":"1979","unstructured":"Rylander G. Stereotactic radiosurgery in anxiety and obsessive-compulsive states\u2014psychiatric aspects. In: Hitchcock E, Ballantine HJ, Meyerson B, (editors). Modern concepts in psychiatric surgery. Amsterdam: Elsevier\/North-Holland Biomedical Press; 1979. p. 235\u201340."},{"key":"54_CR81","first-page":"213","volume-title":"Modern concepts in psychiatric surgery","author":"L Leksell","year":"1979","unstructured":"Leksell L, Backlund EO. Stereotactic gamma capsulotomy. In: Hitchcock E, Ballantine HJ, Meyerson B, (editors). Modern concepts in psychiatric surgery. Amsterdam: Elsevier\/North Holland Biomedical Press; 1979. p. 213\u20136."},{"key":"54_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1989.01810110048007","volume":"46","author":"WK Goodman","year":"1989","unstructured":"Goodman WK, Price LH, Rasmussen SA, Mazure C, Fleischmann RL, Hill CL, et al. The Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale: I. Development, use, and reliability. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1989;46:1006\u201311.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199903000-00005","volume":"44","author":"BE Lippitz","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lippitz BE, Mindus P, Meyerson BA, Kihlstr\u00f6m L, Lindquist C. Lesion topography and outcome after thermocapsulotomy or gamma knife capsulotomy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: relevance of the right hemisphere. Neurosurgery. 1999;44:452\u20138.","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"54_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.65.8.914","volume":"65","author":"C R\u00fcck","year":"2008","unstructured":"R\u00fcck C, Karlsson A, Steele JD, Edman G, Meyerson BA, Ericson K, et al. Capsulotomy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: long-term follow-up of 25 patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2008;65:914\u201321.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR85","volume-title":"ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology\u2014Revised","author":"W Guy","year":"1976","unstructured":"Guy W. ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology\u2014Revised. Rockville, MD: National Institute of Mental Health, Psychopharmacology Research Branch, Division of Extramural Research Programs; 1976."},{"key":"54_CR86","first-page":"343","volume":"22","author":"J Levine","year":"1986","unstructured":"Levine J, Schooler N. SAFTEE: a technique for the systematic assessment of side effects in clinical trials. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1986;22:343.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol Bull"},{"key":"54_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1159\/000313870","volume":"88","author":"F Gouvea","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gouvea F, Lopes A, Greenberg B, Canteras M, Taub A, Mathis M, et al. Response to sham and active gamma ventral capsulotomy in otherwise intractable obsessive-compulsive disorder. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg. 2010;88:177\u201382.","journal-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg"},{"key":"54_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2015.33","volume":"40","author":"MC Batistuzzo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Batistuzzo MC, Hoexter MQ, Taub A, Gentil AF, Cesar RCC, Joaquim MA, et al. Visuospatial memory improvement after gamma ventral capsulotomy in treatment refractory obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder patients. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2015;40:1837\u201345.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"54_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2017.10.023","volume":"81","author":"RR Paiva","year":"2018","unstructured":"Paiva RR, Batistuzzo MC, McLaughlin NC, Canteras MM, de Mathis ME, Requena G, et al. Personality measures after gamma ventral capsulotomy in intractable OCD. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2018;81:161\u20138.","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-44462004000100005","volume":"26","author":"EC Miguel","year":"2004","unstructured":"Miguel EC, Lopes AC, Guertzenstein EZ, Calazas MEB, Teixeira MJ, Brasil MA. Guidelines for neurosurgery of severe psychiatric disorders in Brazil: a preliminary proposal. Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 2004;26:8\u20139.","journal-title":"Rev Bras Psiquiatr"},{"key":"54_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306580","volume":"85","author":"B Nuttin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nuttin B, Wu H, Mayberg H, Hariz M, Gabri\u00ebls L, Galert T, et al. Consensus on guidelines for stereotactic neurosurgery for psychiatric disorders. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2014;85:1003\u20138.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20299","volume":"15","author":"D Mataix\u2010Cols","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mataix\u2010Cols D, de la Cruz LF, Nordsletten AE, Lenhard F, Isomura K, Simpson HB. Towards an international expert consensus for defining treatment response, remission, recovery and relapse in obsessive\u2010compulsive disorder. World Psychiatry. 2016;15:80\u201381.","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199206000-00002","volume":"30","author":"JE Ware Jr","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ware JE Jr, Sherbourne CD. The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36): I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Med Care. 1992;30:473\u201383.","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"54_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(98)00009-4","volume":"46","author":"The WHOQOL Group.","year":"1998","unstructured":"The WHOQOL Group. The World Health Organization quality of life assessment (WHOQOL): development and general psychometric properties. Soc Sci Med. 1998;46:1569\u201385.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"54_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)30307-8","volume":"3","author":"TA Furukawa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Furukawa TA, Cipriani A, Atkinson LZ, Leucht S, Ogawa Y, Takeshima N, et al. Placebo response rates in antidepressant trials: a systematic review of published and unpublished double-blind randomised controlled studies. Lancet Psychiatry. 2016;3:1059\u201366.","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26500","volume":"31","author":"TA Mestre","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mestre TA, Lang AE, Okun MS. Factors influencing the outcome of deep brain stimulation: placebo, nocebo, lessebo, and lesion effects. Mov Disord. 2016;31:290\u20138.","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"54_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001617","volume":"10","author":"E Miguel","year":"2005","unstructured":"Miguel E, Leckman J, Rauch S, do Rosario-Campos M, Hounie A, Mercadante M, et al. Obsessive-compulsive disorder phenotypes: implications for genetic studies. Mol Psychiatry. 2005;10:258\u201375.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20693","volume":"27","author":"D Mataix\u2010Cols","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mataix\u2010Cols D, Frost RO, Pertusa A, Clark LA, Saxena S, Leckman JF, et al. Hoarding disorder: a new diagnosis for DSM\u2010V? Depress Anxiety. 2010;27:556\u201372.","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"54_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.11.003","volume":"22","author":"C R\u00fcck","year":"2012","unstructured":"R\u00fcck C, Larsson KJ, Mataix-Cols D. Predictors of medium and long-term outcome following capsulotomy for obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder: one site may not fit all. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2012;22:406\u201314.","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"54_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.2.JNS131423","volume":"121","author":"AF Gentil","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gentil AF, Lopes AC, Dougherty DD, R\u00fcck C, Mataix-Cols D, Lukacs TL, et al. Hoarding symptoms and prediction of poor response to limbic system surgery for treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: clinical article. J Neurosurg. 2014;121:123\u201330.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"54_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.122","volume":"67","author":"D Denys","year":"2010","unstructured":"Denys D, Mantione M, Figee M, van den Munckhof P, Koerselman F, Westenberg H, et al. Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens for treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010;67:1061\u20138.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2014.2216","volume":"72","author":"GP Banks","year":"2015","unstructured":"Banks GP, Mikell CB, Youngerman BE, Henriques B, Kelly KM, Chan AK, et al. Neuroanatomical characteristics associated with response to dorsal anterior cingulotomy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. JAMA Psychiatry. 2015;72:127\u201335.","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR103","first-page":"S276","volume":"81","author":"NCR McLaughlin","year":"2017","unstructured":"McLaughlin NCR, Nanda P, Banks GP, Miguel EC, Sheehan J, Lopes AC, et al. Gamma knife capsulotomy for intractable OCD: Impact of lesion size and location. Biol Psychiat. 2017;81:S276.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiat"},{"key":"54_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6107","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23815","volume":"38","author":"P Nanda","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nanda P, Banks GP, Pathak YJ, Sheth SA. Connectivity\u2010based parcellation of the anterior limb of the internal capsule. Hum Brain Mapp. 2017;38:6107\u201317.","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"issue":"4","key":"54_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2017.59","volume":"23","author":"P Riva-Posse","year":"2017","unstructured":"Riva-Posse P, Choi K, Holtzheimer P, Crowell A, Garlow S, Rajendra J, et al. A connectomic approach for subcallosal cingulate deep brain stimulation surgery: prospective targeting in treatment-resistant depression. Mol Psychiatry. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/mp.2017.59 (e-pub ahead of print 11 April 2017).","journal-title":"Molecular Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR106","first-page":"583","volume":"24","author":"M Tripathi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tripathi M, Mukherjee K, Chhabra R, Radotra I, Singh AP, Radotra B. Gamma knife for obsessive compulsive disorder: can it be detrimental? Turk Neurosurg. 2014;24:583\u20136.","journal-title":"Turk Neurosurg"},{"key":"54_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000126880.33125.E6","volume":"55","author":"JS Kuo","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kuo JS, Yu C, Giannotta SL, Petrovich Z, Apuzzo ML. The Leksell gamma knife Model U versus Model C: A quantitative comparison of radiosurgical treatment parameters. Neurosurgery. 2004;55:168\u201373.","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"54_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000279733.28768.ff","volume":"61","author":"C Lindquist","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lindquist C, Paddick I. The Leksell Gamma Knife Perfexion and comparisons with its predecessors. Neurosurgery. 2007;61:130\u201341.","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"54_CR109","unstructured":"Paddick I, Hopewell J Radiosurgical Capsulotomy for OCD\u2014a dosimetric analysis of 105 treatments. Lecture presented at the ISRS Congress, Montreux, Switzerland; 2017."},{"key":"54_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1080\/13554794.2012.732083","volume":"20","author":"CM Spofford","year":"2014","unstructured":"Spofford CM, McLaughlin NCR, Penzel F, Rasmussen SA, Greenberg BD. OCD behavior therapy before and after gamma ventral capsulotomy: case report. Neurocase. 2014;20:42\u20135.","journal-title":"Neurocase"},{"key":"54_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e013133","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-013133","volume":"7","author":"C R\u00fcck","year":"2017","unstructured":"R\u00fcck C, Larsson JK, Mataix-Cols D, Ljung R. A register-based 13-year to 43-year follow-up of 70 patients with obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder treated with capsulotomy. BMJ Open. 2017;7:e013133.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"54_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1605","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.14m09468","volume":"76","author":"SL Garnaat","year":"2015","unstructured":"Garnaat SL, Boisseau CL, Yip A, Sibrava NJ, Greenberg BD, Mancebo MC, et al. Predicting course of illness in patients with severe obsessive compulsive disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2015;76:e1605\u2013e1610.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.neuropsych.11080189","volume":"24","author":"TA Hurwitz","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hurwitz TA, Honey CR, Allen J, Gosselin C, Hewko R, Martzke J, et al. Bilateral anterior capsulotomy for intractable depression. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2012;24:176\u201382.","journal-title":"J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"54_CR114","unstructured":"Ralston AK, Vasenina V, Grant J, Warnke PC. Bilateral anterior internal capsulotomy with laser ablation for treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder: case report. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 2016; 94 Suppl 2: 42."},{"key":"54_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)02376-4","volume":"354","author":"B Nuttin","year":"1999","unstructured":"Nuttin B, Cosyns P, Demeulemeester H, Gybels J, Meyerson B. Electrical stimulation in anterior limbs of internal capsules in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Lancet. 1999;354:1526.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"54_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.1.JNS14681","volume":"124","author":"LT Brown","year":"2016","unstructured":"Brown LT, Mikell CB, Youngerman BE, Zhang Y, McKhann GM, Sheth SA. Dorsal anterior cingulotomy and anterior capsulotomy for severe, refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review of observational studies. J Neurosurg. 2016;124:77\u201389.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"54_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.11.JNS132618","volume":"122","author":"J Pepper","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pepper J, Hariz M, Zrinzo L. Deep brain stimulation versus anterior capsulotomy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: a review of the literature. J Neurosurg. 2015;122:1028\u201337.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"54_CR118","first-page":"316","volume":"102","author":"L Leksell","year":"1951","unstructured":"Leksell L. The stereotaxic method and radiosurgery of the brain. Acta Chir Scand. 1951;102:316.","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand"},{"key":"54_CR119","unstructured":"Food and Drug Administration. Approval order for humanitarian device exemption of medtronic (activa) deep brain stimulation for obsessive-compulsive disorder, HDE Number: H050003. Rockville, MD; 2009."},{"key":"54_CR120","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Neurosurgical treatments for psychiatric disorders","author":"JJ Lemaire","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lemaire JJ. Related circuitry and connectivity in psychiatric disorders. In: Sun B, De Salles A, (editors). Neurosurgical treatments for psychiatric disorders. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer; 2015. p. 1\u201320."},{"key":"54_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145711001829","volume":"15","author":"NA Fineberg","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fineberg NA, Brown A, Reghunandanan S, Pampaloni I. Evidence-based pharmacotherapy of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2012;15:1173\u201391.","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"54_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867412461958","volume":"47","author":"NA Fineberg","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fineberg NA, Reghunandanan S, Brown A, Pampaloni I. Pharmacotherapy of obsessive-compulsive disorder: evidence-based treatment and beyond. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2012;47:121\u201341.","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"key":"54_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-012-0268-9","volume":"14","author":"DJ Stein","year":"2012","unstructured":"Stein DJ, Koen N, Fineberg N, Fontenelle LF, Matsunaga H, Osser D, et al. A 2012 evidence-based algorithm for the pharmacotherapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2012;14:211\u20139.","journal-title":"Curr Psychiatry Rep"},{"key":"54_CR124","unstructured":"Oxford Centre for Evidence Based Medicine Levels of Evidence Working Group. The Oxford Levels of Evidence 2: Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. 2011. http:\/\/www.cebm.net\/index.aspx?o=5653 ."},{"key":"54_CR125","unstructured":"Rasmussen S, Mindus P, Noren G, Jenike M, Boen L, Lindquist C. Towards a double blind trial of anterion capsulotomy in obsessive compulsive disorder conference abstract. Royal College of Psychiatrists Winter Meeting, Cardiff, Wales 21\u201324 January 1997 [Internet]. 1997; Available from: http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/o\/cochrane\/clcentral\/articles\/877\/CN-00283877\/frame.html ."},{"key":"54_CR126","first-page":"A1185","volume":"124","author":"S Peker","year":"2016","unstructured":"Peker S, Yilmaz M, Sengoz M, Ulku N, Ogel K. Gamma Knife radiosurgical capsulotomy for obsessive compulsive disorder. J Neurosurg. 2016;124:A1185.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"54_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1159\/000099557","volume":"57","author":"C Lindquist","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lindquist C, Kihlstrom L, Hellstrand E. Functional neurosurgery - A future for the Gamma Knife? Stereotact Funct Neurosurg. 1991;57:72\u201381.","journal-title":"Stereotact Funct Neurosurg"}],"container-title":["Molecular Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41380-018-0054-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41380-018-0054-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41380-018-0054-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,20]],"date-time":"2023-05-20T16:57:55Z","timestamp":1684601875000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41380-018-0054-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]]},"references-count":127,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]}},"alternative-id":["54"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41380-018-0054-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-4184","1476-5578"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-4184","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5578","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 December 2016","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 February 2018","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 March 2018","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 May 2018","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"Dr. Ian Paddick works as an ad hoc consultant for Elekta Instruments AB, the manufacturer of the Gamma Knife.\u00a0Dr. Christer Lindquist has received financial compensation for consulting work performed for Elekta Instrument AB. The other authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest:"}}]}}