{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T04:23:36Z","timestamp":1790051016579,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]],"date-time":"2021-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]],"date-time":"2021-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01223-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]],"date-time":"2021-07-20T08:03:09Z","timestamp":1626768189000},"page":"7475-7480","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Post-traumatic stress symptoms in COVID-19 survivors: a self-report and brain imaging follow-up study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3495-9549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiheng","family":"Tu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanzhi","family":"Bi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuejing","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yazhuo","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1459-3412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0561-0591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhijie","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7003-2903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"1223_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017","volume":"382","author":"N Zhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020;382:727\u2013733.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"1223_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3104","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa240","volume":"143","author":"RW Paterson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Paterson RW, Brown RL, Benjamin L, Nortley R, Wiethoff S, Bharucha T, et al. The emerging spectrum of COVID-19 neurology: Clinical, radiological and laboratory findings. Brain. 2020;143:3104\u20133120.","journal-title":"Brain."},{"key":"1223_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-020-0398-3","volume":"16","author":"A Pezzini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pezzini A, Padovani A. Lifting the mask on neurological manifestations of COVID-19. Nat Rev Neurol. 2020;16:636\u2013644.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol."},{"key":"1223_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E232","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020201697","volume":"297","author":"SG Kandemirli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kandemirli SG, Dogan L, Sarikaya ZT, Kara S, Akinci C, Kaya D, et al. Brain MRI findings in patients in the intensive care unit with COVID-19 infection. Radiology. 2020;297:E232\u2013E235.","journal-title":"Radiology."},{"key":"1223_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.07.014","volume":"89","author":"AR Egbert","year":"2020","unstructured":"Egbert AR, Cankurtaran S, Karpiak S. Brain abnormalities in COVID-19 acute\/subacute phase: a rapid systematic review. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;89:543\u2013554.","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun."},{"key":"1223_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ynstr.2021.100326","volume":"14","author":"K Duanan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Duanan K, Premi E, Pilotto A, Cristillo V, Benussi A, Libri I, et al. Alterations of frontal-temporal gray matter volume associate with clinical measures of older adults with COVID-19. Neurobiol Stress. 2021;14:100326.","journal-title":"Neurobiol Stress."},{"key":"1223_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32656-8","volume":"397","author":"C Huang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huang C, Huang L, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Gu X, et al. 6-month consequences of COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital: a cohort study. Lancet. 2021;397:220\u2013232.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"1223_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2020.101938","volume":"83","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhou Y, Sun Z, Wang Y, Xing C, Sun L, Shang Z, et al. The prevalence of PTSS under the influence of public health emergencies in last two decades: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev. 2021;83:101938.","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev."},{"key":"1223_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.07.037","volume":"89","author":"MG Mazza","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mazza MG, De Lorenzo R, Conte C, Poletti S, Vai B, Bollettini I, et al. Anxiety and depression in COVID-19 survivors: role of inflammatory and clinical predictors. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;89:594\u2013600.","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun."},{"key":"1223_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2008017","volume":"383","author":"B Pfefferbaum","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pfefferbaum B, North CS. Mental health and the Covid-19 pandemic. N Engl J Med. 2020;383:510\u2013512.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"1223_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shin LM, Rauch SL, Pitman RK. Amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex, and hippocampal function in PTSD. Ann NY Acad Sci. vol. 1071, Blackwell Publishing Inc.; 2006. p. 67\u201379.","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1364.007"},{"key":"1223_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2009.205","volume":"67","author":"Z Wang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wang Z, Neylan TC, Mueller SG, Lenoci M, Truran D, Marmar CR, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of hippocampal subfields in posttraumatic stress disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010;67:296\u2013303.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry."},{"key":"1223_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2012.50","volume":"69","author":"RA Morey","year":"2012","unstructured":"Morey RA, Gold AL, LaBar KS, Beall SK, Brown VM, Haswell CC, et al. Amygdala volume changes in posttraumatic stress disorder in a large case-controlled veterans group. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2012;69:1169\u20131178.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry."},{"key":"1223_CR14","unstructured":"Clinical management of COVID-19. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/clinical-management-of-covid-19 Accessed 1 Jan 2021."},{"key":"1223_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.22059","volume":"28","author":"CA Blevins","year":"2015","unstructured":"Blevins CA, Weathers FW, Davis MT, Witte TK, Domino JL. The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5): development and initial psychometric evaluation. J Trauma Stress. 2015;28:489\u2013498.","journal-title":"J Trauma Stress."},{"key":"1223_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092","volume":"166","author":"RL Spitzer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JBW, L\u00f6we B. A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166:1092\u20131097.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med."},{"key":"1223_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x","volume":"16","author":"K Kroenke","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JBW. The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med. 2001;16:606\u2013613.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med."},{"key":"1223_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.02.018","volume":"26","author":"J Ashburner","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ashburner J, Friston K. Unified segmentation. Neuroimage 2005;26:839\u2013851.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"1223_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2006.10.001","volume":"29","author":"YF Zang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zang YF, He Y, Zhu CZ, Cao QJ, Sui MQ, Liang M, et al. Altered baseline brain activity in children with ADHD revealed by resting-state functional MRI. Brain Dev. 2007;29:83\u201391.","journal-title":"Brain Dev."},{"key":"1223_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.04.028","volume":"87","author":"C Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, McIntyre RS, et al. A longitudinal study on the mental health of general population during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;87:40\u201348.","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun."},{"key":"1223_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.05.048","volume":"89","author":"N Vindegaard","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vindegaard N, Benros ME. COVID-19 pandemic and mental health consequences: systematic review of the current evidence. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;89:531\u2013542.","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun."},{"key":"1223_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.05.026","volume":"88","author":"S Pappa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pappa S, Ntella V, Giannakas T, Giannakoulis VG, Papoutsi E, Katsaounou P. Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain Behav Immun. 2020;88:901\u2013907.","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun."},{"key":"1223_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1878","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.01.041","volume":"55","author":"JE Dunsmoor","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dunsmoor JE, Prince SE, Murty VP, Kragel PA, LaBar KS. Neurobehavioral mechanisms of human fear generalization. Neuroimage. 2011;55:1878\u20131888.","journal-title":"Neuroimage."},{"key":"1223_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00041.2006","volume":"87","author":"BS McEwen","year":"2007","unstructured":"McEwen BS. Physiology and neurobiology of stress and adaptation: central role of the brain. Physiol Rev. 2007;87:873\u2013904.","journal-title":"Physiol Rev."},{"key":"1223_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144157","volume":"27","author":"JL McGaugh","year":"2004","unstructured":"McGaugh JL. The amygdala modulates the consolidation of memories of emotionally arousing experiences. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2004;27:1\u201328.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci."},{"key":"1223_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2006.03.004","volume":"30","author":"A Karl","year":"2006","unstructured":"Karl A, Schaefer M, Malta LS, D\u00f6rfel D, Rohleder N, Werner A. A meta-analysis of structural brain abnormalities in PTSD. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2006;30:1004\u20131031.","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev."},{"key":"1223_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2072","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.159.12.2072","volume":"159","author":"M Vythilingam","year":"2002","unstructured":"Vythilingam M, Heim C, Newport J, Miller AH, Anderson E, Bronen R, et al. Childhood trauma associated with smaller hippocampal volume in women with major depression. Am J Psychiatry. 2002;159:2072\u20132080.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry."},{"key":"1223_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He L, Wei D, Yang F, Zhang J, Cheng W, Feng J, et al. Functional connectome prediction of anxiety related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Psychiatry. 2021;00:appi.ajp.2020.2.","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2020.20070979"},{"key":"1223_CR29","first-page":"100484","volume":"25","author":"Y Lu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lu Y, Li X, Geng D, Mei N, Wu PY, Huang CC, et al. Cerebral micro-structural changes in COVID-19 patients\u2014an MRI-based 3-month follow-up study: a brief title: cerebral changes in COVID-19. eClin. Med. 2020;25:100484.","journal-title":"eClin. Med."},{"key":"1223_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-020-00974-4","volume":"10","author":"OT Ousdal","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ousdal OT, Milde AM, Hafstad GS, Hodneland E, Dyb G, Craven AR, et al. The association of PTSD symptom severity with amygdala nuclei volumes in traumatized youths. Transl Psychiatry. 2020;10:1\u201310.","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry."},{"key":"1223_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2017.09.006","volume":"83","author":"MW Logue","year":"2018","unstructured":"Logue MW, van Rooij SJH, Dennis EL, Davis SL, Hayes JP, Stevens JS, et al. Smaller hippocampal volume in posttraumatic stress disorder: a multisite ENIGMA-PGC study: subcortical volumetry results from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Consortia. Biol Psychiatry. 2018;83:244\u2013253.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry."}],"container-title":["Molecular Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41380-021-01223-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41380-021-01223-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41380-021-01223-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T06:47:05Z","timestamp":1645685225000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41380-021-01223-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1223"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41380-021-01223-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-4184","1476-5578"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-4184","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5578","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 March 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 June 2021","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 June 2021","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 July 2021","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}