{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:28:25Z","timestamp":1790800105506,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760400000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-025-03289-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T06:12:13Z","timestamp":1760422333000},"page":"5710-5721","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A novel brain-to-gut communication pathway mediated by astrocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles modulates stress-induced intestinal inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Liliana","family":"Yant\u00e9n-Fuentes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mat\u00edas","family":"Pizarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4004-3999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina","family":"Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7124-0595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina","family":"Pradenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7588-4531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxs","family":"M\u00e9ndez-Ruette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Corval\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gonzalo","family":"Bustos-Quevedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Luarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3043-8797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis Federico","family":"Batiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Luz-Crawford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karina","family":"Pino-Lagos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8913-4475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ursula","family":"Wyneken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"3289_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v11.i4.764","volume":"11","author":"MB Haider","year":"2023","unstructured":"Haider MB, Basida B, Kaur J. Major depressive disorders in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis. World J Clin Cases. 2023;11:764\u201379.","journal-title":"World J Clin Cases"},{"key":"3289_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.55.10.716","volume":"55","author":"LM Kurina","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kurina LM, Goldacre MJ, Yeates D, Gill LE. Depression and anxiety in people with inflammatory bowel disease. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2001;55:716\u201320.","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"3289_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2019.00432","volume":"7","author":"Y Sun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sun Y, Li L, Xie R, Wang B, Jiang K, Cao H. Stress Triggers flare of inflammatory bowel disease in children and adults. Front Pediatr. 2019;7:432.","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"3289_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-0200-2","volume":"6","author":"SM Gold","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gold SM, Kohler-Forsberg O, Moss-Morris R, Mehnert A, Miranda JJ, Bullinger M, et al. Comorbid depression in medical diseases. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020;6:69.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"3289_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.714057","volume":"12","author":"S Hu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hu S, Chen Y, Chen Y, Wang C. Depression and anxiety disorders in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Front Psychiatry. 2021;12:714057.","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"3289_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6496727","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/6496727","volume":"2017","author":"G Byrne","year":"2017","unstructured":"Byrne G, Rosenfeld G, Leung Y, Qian H, Raudzus J, Nunez C, et al. Prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;2017:6496727.","journal-title":"Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"3289_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2015.5","volume":"16","author":"AH Miller","year":"2016","unstructured":"Miller AH, Raison CL. The role of inflammation in depression: from evolutionary imperative to modern treatment target. Nat Rev Immunol. 2016;16:22\u201334.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"3289_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2016.69","volume":"17","author":"ES Wohleb","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wohleb ES, Franklin T, Iwata M, Duman RS. Integrating neuroimmune systems in the neurobiology of depression. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2016;17:497\u2013511.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"3289_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2020.06.002","volume":"107","author":"E Beurel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Beurel E, Toups M, Nemeroff CB. The bidirectional relationship of depression and inflammation: double trouble. Neuron. 2020;107:234\u201356.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"3289_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3042","volume":"11","author":"MR Irwin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Irwin MR, Cole SW. Reciprocal regulation of the neural and innate immune systems. Nat Rev Immunol. 2011;11:625\u201332.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"3289_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3617","volume":"15","author":"DN Xanthos","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xanthos DN, Sandkuhler J. Neurogenic neuroinflammation: inflammatory CNS reactions in response to neuronal activity. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2014;15:43\u201353.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"3289_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2019.08.188","volume":"82","author":"K Murray","year":"2019","unstructured":"Murray K, Barboza M, Rude KM, Brust-Mascher I, Reardon C. Functional circuitry of neuro-immune communication in the mesenteric lymph node and spleen. Brain Behav Immun. 2019;82:214\u201323.","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"3289_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1002\/iid3.223","volume":"6","author":"C Wulfing","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wulfing C, Schuran FA, Urban J, Oehlmann J, Gunther HS. Neural architecture in lymphoid organs: hard-wired antigen presenting cells and neurite networks in antigen entrance areas. Immunity Inflamm Dis. 2018;6:354\u201370.","journal-title":"Immunity Inflamm Dis"},{"key":"3289_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(81)90600-4","volume":"81","author":"DK Bhalla","year":"1981","unstructured":"Bhalla DK, Murakami T, Owen RL. Microcirculation of intestinal lymphoid follicles in rat Peyer\u2019s patches. Gastroenterology. 1981;81:481\u201391.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"3289_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI69592","volume":"124","author":"F Antignano","year":"2014","unstructured":"Antignano F, Burrows K, Hughes MR, Han JM, Kron KJ, Penrod NM, et al. Methyltransferase G9A regulates T cell differentiation during murine intestinal inflammation. J Clin Invest. 2014;124:1945\u201355.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"3289_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8813558","volume":"2020","author":"JB Yan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yan JB, Luo MM, Chen ZY, He BH. The function and role of the Th17\/Treg cell balance in inflammatory bowel disease. J Immunol Res. 2020;2020:8813558.","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"key":"3289_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaai7696","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aai7696","volume":"10","author":"AM Dickens","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dickens AM, Tovar YRLB, Yoo SW, Trout AL, Bae M, Kanmogne M, et al. Astrocyte-shed extracellular vesicles regulate the peripheral leukocyte response to inflammatory brain lesions. Sci Signal. 2017;10:eaai7696.","journal-title":"Sci Signal"},{"key":"3289_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106833","volume":"194","author":"A Luarte","year":"2023","unstructured":"Luarte A, Nardocci G, Chakraborty A, Batiz LF, Pino-Lagos K, Wyneken U. Astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles in stress-associated mood disorders. Does the immune system get astrocytic? Pharmacol Res. 2023;194:106833.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"3289_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-101512-122326","volume":"30","author":"M Colombo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Colombo M, Raposo G, Thery C. Biogenesis, secretion, and intercellular interactions of exosomes and other extracellular vesicles. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2014;30:255\u201389.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"3289_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2977","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11192977","volume":"11","author":"J Han","year":"2022","unstructured":"Han J, Cho HJ, Park D, Han S. DICAM in the extracellular vesicles from astrocytes attenuates microglia activation and neuroinflammation. Cells. 2022;11:2977.","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"3289_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-020-01761-0","volume":"17","author":"X Long","year":"2020","unstructured":"Long X, Yao X, Jiang Q, Yang Y, He X, Tian W, et al. Astrocyte-derived exosomes enriched with miR-873a-5p inhibit neuroinflammation via microglia phenotype modulation after traumatic brain injury. J Neuroinflammation. 2020;17:89.","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"3289_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-39679-0","volume":"9","author":"VN Neckles","year":"2019","unstructured":"Neckles VN, Morton MC, Holmberg JC, Sokolov AM, Nottoli T, Liu D, et al. A transgenic inducible GFP extracellular-vesicle reporter (TIGER) mouse illuminates neonatal cortical astrocytes as a source of immunomodulatory extracellular vesicles. Sci Rep. 2019;9:3094.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"3289_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyy098","volume":"22","author":"C Gomez-Molina","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gomez-Molina C, Sandoval M, Henzi R, Ramirez JP, Varas-Godoy M, Luarte A, et al. Small extracellular vesicles in rat serum contain astrocyte-derived protein biomarkers of repetitive stress. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2019;22:232\u201346.","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"3289_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth875","volume":"3","author":"BA Tannous","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tannous BA, Grimm J, Perry KF, Chen JW, Weissleder R, Breakefield XO. Metabolic biotinylation of cell surface receptors for in vivo imaging. Nat Methods. 2006;3:391\u20136.","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"3289_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9040930","volume":"9","author":"A Luarte","year":"2020","unstructured":"Luarte A, Henzi R, Fernandez A, Gaete D, Cisternas P, Pizarro M, et al. Astrocyte-Derived small extracellular vesicles regulate dendritic complexity through miR-26a-5p activity. Cells. 2020;9:930.","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"3289_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E968","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1521230113","volume":"113","author":"J Kowal","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kowal J, Arras G, Colombo M, Jouve M, Morath JP, Primdal-Bengtson B, et al. Proteomic comparison defines novel markers to characterize heterogeneous populations of extracellular vesicle subtypes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2016;113:E968\u2013977.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"3289_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-36855-6","volume":"9","author":"L Rosenberger","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rosenberger L, Ezquer M, Lillo-Vera F, Pedraza PL, Ortuzar MI, Gonzalez PL, et al. Stem cell exosomes inhibit angiogenesis and tumor growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep. 2019;9:663.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"3289_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"pyv038","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyv038","volume":"18","author":"E Ampuero","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ampuero E, Luarte A, Santibanez M, Varas-Godoy M, Toledo J, Diaz-Veliz G, et al. Two chronic stress models based on movement restriction in rats respond selectively to antidepressant drugs: aldolase C As a potential biomarker. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2015;18:pyv038.","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"3289_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2017.00180","volume":"11","author":"A Caviedes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Caviedes A, Varas-Godoy M, Lafourcade C, Sandoval S, Bravo-Alegria J, Kaehne T, et al. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase is present in dendritic spines of neurons in primary cultures. Front Cell Neurosci. 2017;11:180.","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"3289_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22576","volume":"61","author":"S Chatterjee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chatterjee S, Sikdar SK. Corticosterone treatment results in enhanced release of peptidergic vesicles in astrocytes via cytoskeletal rearrangements. Glia. 2013;61:2050\u201362.","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"3289_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01726","volume":"424","author":"JR Mora","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mora JR, Bono MR, Manjunath N, Weninger W, Cavanagh LL, Rosemblatt M, et al. Selective imprinting of gut-homing T cells by Peyer\u2019s patch dendritic cells. Nature. 2003;424:88\u201393.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"3289_CR32","volume":"26","author":"EJ Park","year":"2021","unstructured":"Park EJ, Myint PK, Appiah MG, Worawattananutai P, Inprasit J, Prajuabjinda O, et al. Ligand-competent fractalkine receptor is expressed on exosomes. Biochem Biophys Rep. 2021;26:100932.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Rep"},{"key":"3289_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e60094","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0060094","volume":"8","author":"S Keshav","year":"2013","unstructured":"Keshav S, Vanasek T, Niv Y, Petryka R, Howaldt S, Bafutto M, et al. A randomized controlled trial of the efficacy and safety of CCX282-B, an orally-administered blocker of chemokine receptor CCR9, for patients with Crohn\u2019s disease. PLoS One. 2013;8:e60094.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"3289_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms7120583","volume":"7","author":"H Cheng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cheng H, Guan X, Chen D, Ma W. The Th17\/Treg cell balance: a gut microbiota-modulated story. Microorganisms. 2019;7:583.","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"3289_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5534","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb45070350","volume":"45","author":"A Padoan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Padoan A, Musso G, Contran N, Basso D. Inflammation, autoinflammation and autoimmunity in inflammatory bowel diseases. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2023;45:5534\u201357.","journal-title":"Curr Issues Mol Biol"},{"key":"3289_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2023.148679","volume":"1823","author":"A Fernandez","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fernandez A, Corvalan K, Santis O, Mendez-Ruette M, Caviedes A, Pizarro M, et al. Sumoylation in astrocytes induces changes in the proteome of the derived small extracellular vesicles which change protein synthesis and dendrite morphology in target neurons. Brain Res. 2024;1823:148679.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"3289_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-023-00769-0","volume":"20","author":"LM Hegarty","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hegarty LM, Jones GR, Bain CC. Macrophages in intestinal homeostasis and inflammatory bowel disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023;20:538\u201353.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"3289_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-022-00634-6","volume":"19","author":"TH Bisgaard","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bisgaard TH, Allin KH, Keefer L, Ananthakrishnan AN, Jess T. Depression and anxiety in inflammatory bowel disease: epidemiology, mechanisms and treatment. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;19:717\u201326.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"3289_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-023-01972-w","volume":"28","author":"EA Mayer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mayer EA, Ryu HJ, Bhatt RR. The neurobiology of irritable bowel syndrome. Mol Psychiatry. 2023;28:1451\u201365.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"3289_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-022-00390-x","volume":"21","author":"HG Lee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lee HG, Wheeler MA, Quintana FJ. Function and therapeutic value of astrocytes in neurological diseases. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2022;21:339\u201358.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"3289_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2020.12.008","volume":"109","author":"J Nagai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nagai J, Yu X, Papouin T, Cheong E, Freeman MR, Monk KR, et al. Behaviorally consequential astrocytic regulation of neural circuits. Neuron. 2021;109:576\u201396.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"3289_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.104582","volume":"135","author":"E Duarte-Silva","year":"2022","unstructured":"Duarte-Silva E, Oria AC, Mendonca IP, de Melo MG, Paiva IHR, Maes M, et al. Tiny in size, big in impact: Extracellular vesicles as modulators of mood, anxiety and neurodevelopmental disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2022;135:104582.","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"3289_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-022-00410-w","volume":"21","author":"L Cheng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cheng L, Hill AF. Therapeutically harnessing extracellular vesicles. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2022;21:379\u201399.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"3289_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-022-01338-w","volume":"48","author":"A Kruyer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kruyer A, Kalivas PW, Scofield MD. Astrocyte regulation of synaptic signaling in psychiatric disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2023;48:21\u201336.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"3289_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23143","volume":"65","author":"Q Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang Q, Jie W, Liu JH, Yang JM, Gao TM. An astroglial basis of major depressive disorder? An overview. Glia. 2017;65:1227\u201350.","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"3289_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2015.15020152","volume":"172","author":"JK Kiecolt-Glaser","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kiecolt-Glaser JK, Derry HM, Fagundes CP. Inflammation: depression fans the flames and feasts on the heat. Am J Psychiatry. 2015;172:1075\u201391.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"3289_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.01228","volume":"10","author":"L Wei","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wei L, Li Y, Tang W, Sun Q, Chen L, Wang X, et al. Chronic unpredictable mild stress in rats induces colonic inflammation. Front Physiol. 2019;10:1228.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"3289_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.2174\/156652408784533760","volume":"8","author":"MG Gareau","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gareau MG, Silva MA, Perdue MH. Pathophysiological mechanisms of stress-induced intestinal damage. Curr Mol Med. 2008;8:274\u201381.","journal-title":"Curr Mol Med"},{"key":"3289_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.5498\/wjp.v6.i3.283","volume":"6","author":"SW Jeon","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jeon SW, Kim YK. Neuroinflammation and cytokine abnormality in major depression: cause or consequence in that illness? World J Psychiatry. 2016;6:283\u201393.","journal-title":"World J Psychiatry"},{"key":"3289_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2016.10.009","volume":"30","author":"A Becker","year":"2016","unstructured":"Becker A, Thakur BK, Weiss JM, Kim HS, Peinado H, Lyden D. Extracellular vesicles in cancer: cell-to-cell mediators of metastasis. Cancer Cell. 2016;30:836\u201348.","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"3289_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1093\/biosci\/biv084","volume":"65","author":"MP Zaborowski","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zaborowski MP, Balaj L, Breakefield XO, Lai CP. Extracellular vesicles: composition, biological relevance, and methods of study. Bioscience. 2015;65:783\u201397.","journal-title":"Bioscience"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-025-03322-4","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762732800000}}],"container-title":["Molecular Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41380-025-03289-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41380-025-03289-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41380-025-03289-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T08:03:10Z","timestamp":1762848190000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41380-025-03289-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3289"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41380-025-03289-2","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-3756093\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1359-4184","1476-5578"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-4184","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5578","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 December 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 August 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 September 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 October 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 October 2025","order":6,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":7,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The original online version of this article was revised: In this article the author\u2019s name Gonzalo Bustos-Quevedo was incorrectly written as Gonzalo Bustos. The original article has been corrected.","order":8,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 November 2025","order":9,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":10,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":11,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41380-025-03322-4","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41380-025-03322-4","order":12,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"All the experimental procedures were performed following the ARRIVE Guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals in research and were supervised and approved by the Universidad de los Andes Bioethical Committee (# CEC202039). Criteria for exclusion of animals were: weight loss over 20%, sickness behavior (temperature changes over 2\u2009\u00b0C, aspects of behavior, fur and corneal inflammation). Randomization based on similar weights\/group was used at the beginning of each experiment. The researcher was blind to treatment type but not to stress\/no stress condition.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics statement"}}]}}