{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T18:06:45Z","timestamp":1793815605401,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010105","name":"Savvaerksejer Jeppe Juhl og Hustru Ovita Juhls Mindelegat","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010105","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Marie Curie Sklodowska Fellow"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004954","name":"Augustinus Fonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16-3735"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16-3735"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004954","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004954","name":"Augustinus Fonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18-3746"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18-3746"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004954","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004954","name":"Augustinus Fonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17-1982"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17-1982"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004954","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004836","name":"Det Frie Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["100948"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["100948"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004836","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004836","name":"Det Frie Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5053-00036B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5053-00036B"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004836","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003554","name":"Lundbeckfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R194-2015-1589"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R194-2015-1589"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003554","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008266","name":"K\u00f8bmand I Odense Johan og Hanne Weimann F\u00f8dt Seedorffs Legat","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuropsychopharmacol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-021-01207-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T18:02:37Z","timestamp":1635789757000},"page":"454-464","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Dorsal striatal dopamine induces fronto-cortical hypoactivity and attenuates anxiety and compulsive behaviors in rats"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Agata","family":"Casado-Sainz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederik","family":"Gudmundsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone L.","family":"Baerentzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annemette","family":"Ringsted","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Martinez-Tejada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siria","family":"Medina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hedok","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7811-1825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claus","family":"Svarer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sune H.","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Schain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celia","family":"Kjaerby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick M.","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Cumming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikael","family":"Palner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"1207_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Graybiel AM. The basal ganglia. Curr Biol. 2000;10:R509\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0960-9822(00)00593-5.","DOI":"10.1016\/s0960-9822(00)00593-5"},{"key":"1207_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22367","volume":"32","author":"SE Ahmari","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ahmari SE, Dougherty DD. Dissecting OCD circuits: from animal models to targeted treatments. Depress Anxiety. 2015;32:550\u201362.","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"1207_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2016.00104","volume":"10","author":"SK Peters","year":"2016","unstructured":"Peters SK, Dunlop K, Downar J. Cortico-striatal-thalamic loop circuits of the salience network: a central pathway in psychiatric disease and treatment. Front Syst Neurosci. 2016;10:1\u201323.","journal-title":"Front Syst Neurosci."},{"key":"1207_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2016.07.004","volume":"81","author":"EH Simpson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Simpson EH, Kellendonk C. Insights About Striatal Circuit Function and Schizophrenia From a Mouse Model of Dopamine D2 Receptor Upregulation. Biol Psychiatry. 2017;81:21\u201330.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1207_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbp006","volume":"35","author":"OD Howes","year":"2009","unstructured":"Howes OD, Kapur S. The Dopamine Hypothesis of Schizophrenia: Version III\u2014The Final Common Pathway. Schizophr Bull. 2009;35:549\u201362.","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull."},{"key":"1207_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2013.05.012","volume":"23","author":"D Denys","year":"2013","unstructured":"Denys D, de Vries F, Cath D, Figee M, Vulink N, Veltman DJ, et al. Dopaminergic activity in Tourette syndrome and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2013;23:1423\u201331.","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"1207_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2013.23","volume":"33","author":"C Zuo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zuo C, Ma Y, Sun B, Peng S, Zhang H, Eidelberg D, et al. Metabolic Imaging of Bilateral Anterior Capsulotomy in Refractory Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: an FDG PET Study. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2013;33:880\u20137.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"1207_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4927(91)90014-H","volume":"40","author":"B Horwitz","year":"1991","unstructured":"Horwitz B, Swedo SE, Grady CL, Pietrini P, Schapiro MB, Rapoport JL, et al. Cerebral metabolic pattern in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Altered intercorrelations between regional rates of glucose utilization. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging. 1991;40:221\u201337.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging"},{"key":"1207_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2007.09.005","volume":"32","author":"L Menzies","year":"2008","unstructured":"Menzies L, Chamberlain SR, Laird AR, Thelen SM, Sahakian BJ, Bullmore ET. Integrating evidence from neuroimaging and neuropsychological studies of obsessive-compulsive disorder: The orbitofronto-striatal model revisited. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2008;32:525\u201349.","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev."},{"key":"1207_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2004.07.001","volume":"132","author":"SP Whiteside","year":"2004","unstructured":"Whiteside SP, Port JD, Abramowitz JS. A meta\u2013analysis of functional neuroimaging in obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging. 2004;132:69\u201379.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging"},{"key":"1207_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2016.18.1\/shaber","volume":"18","author":"SN Haber","year":"2016","unstructured":"Haber SN. Corticostriatal circuitry. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2016;18:7\u201321.","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin Neurosci."},{"key":"1207_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e153","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2012.78","volume":"2","author":"Y Aoki","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aoki Y, Aoki A, Suwa H. Reduction of N-acetylaspartate in the medial prefrontal cortex correlated with symptom severity in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Meta-analyses of 1 H-MRS studies. Transl Psychiatry. 2012;2:e153\u201310.","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"1207_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200009000-00008","volume":"39","author":"DR Rosenberg","year":"2000","unstructured":"Rosenberg DR, Macmaster FP, Keshavan MS, Fitzgerald KD, Stewart CM, Moore GJ. Decrease in caudate glutamatergic concentrations in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder patients taking paroxetine. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000;39:1096\u2013103.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"1207_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000132812.44664.2d","volume":"43","author":"DR Rosenberg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rosenberg DR, Mirza Y, Russell A, Tang J, Smith JM, Banerjee SP, et al. Reduced anterior cingulate glutamatergic concentrations in childhood OCD and major depression versus healthy controls. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004;43:1146\u201353.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"1207_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2010.12.007","volume":"58","author":"M Palner","year":"2011","unstructured":"Palner M, Kjaerby C, Knudsen GM, Cumming P. Effects of unilateral 6-OHDA lesions on [3H]-N- propylnorapomorphine binding in striatum ex vivo and vulnerability to amphetamine-evoked dopamine release in rat. Neurochem Int. 2011;58:243\u20137.","journal-title":"Neurochem Int."},{"key":"1207_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-007-0558-3","volume":"35","author":"C Casteels","year":"2008","unstructured":"Casteels C, Lauwers E, Bormans G, Baekelandt V, Van Laere K. Metabolic-dopaminergic mapping of the 6-hydroxydopamine rat model for Parkinson\u2019s disease. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2008;35:124\u201334.","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"1207_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-020-0612-4","volume":"45","author":"J Sala-Bayo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sala-Bayo J, Fiddian L, Nilsson SRO, Hervig ME, McKenzie C, Mareschi A, et al. Dorsal and ventral striatal dopamine D1 and D2 receptors differentially modulate distinct phases of serial visual reversal learning. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2020;45:736\u201344.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology."},{"key":"1207_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.10.028","volume":"72","author":"IB Witten","year":"2011","unstructured":"Witten IB, Steinberg EE, Lee SY, Davidson TJ, Zalocusky KA, Brodsky M, et al. Recombinase-Driver Rat Lines: Tools, Techniques, and Optogenetic Application to Dopamine-Mediated Reinforcement. Neuron. 2011;72:721\u201333.","journal-title":"Neuron."},{"key":"1207_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(00)00387-0","volume":"90","author":"JV Roughan","year":"2001","unstructured":"Roughan JV, Flecknell PA. Behavioural effects of laparotomy and analgesic effects of ketoprofen and carprofen in rats. Pain. 2001;90:65\u201374.","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"1207_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Keller SH, L\u2019Estrade EN, Dall B, Palner M, Herth M. Quantification accuracy of a new HRRT high throughput rat hotel using transmission-based attenuation correction: A phantom study. 2016 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium, Medical Imaging Conference and Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detector Workshop (NSS\/MIC\/RTSD). 2016, pp. 1\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/NSSMIC.2016.8069467.","DOI":"10.1109\/NSSMIC.2016.8069467"},{"key":"1207_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00187","volume":"13","author":"S Baerentzen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Baerentzen S, Casado-Sainz A, Lange D, Shalgunov V, Tejada IM, Xiong M, et al. The chemogenetic receptor ligand Clozapine N-oxide induces in vivo neuroreceptor occupancy and reduces striatal glutamate levels. Front Neurosci. 2019;13:187.","journal-title":"Front Neurosci."},{"key":"1207_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.01.040","volume":"57","author":"K Hoenig","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hoenig K, Hochrein A, Quednow BB, Maier W, Wagner M. Impaired prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2005;57:1153\u20138.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1207_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2011.308","volume":"37","author":"SE Ahmari","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ahmari SE, Risbrough VB, Geyer MA, Simpson HB. Impaired sensorimotor gating in unmedicated adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2012;37:1216\u201323.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology."},{"key":"1207_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-88769-5","volume":"11","author":"EE Manning","year":"2021","unstructured":"Manning EE, Wang AY, Saikali LM, Winner AS, Ahmari SE. Disruption of prepulse inhibition is associated with compulsive behavior severity and nucleus accumbens dopamine receptor changes in Sapap3 knockout mice. Sci Rep. 2021;11:9442.","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"1207_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5163","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0700293104","volume":"104","author":"BN Armbruster","year":"2007","unstructured":"Armbruster BN, Li X, Pausch MH, Herlitze S, Roth BL. Evolving the lock to fit the key to create a family of G protein-coupled receptors potently activated by an inert ligand. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2007;104:5163\u20138.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"1207_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1038\/gt.2012.27","volume":"20","author":"EA Salegio","year":"2013","unstructured":"Salegio EA, Samaranch L, Kells AP, Mittermeyer G, San Sebastian W, Zhou S, et al. Axonal transport of adeno-associated viral vectors is serotype-dependent. Gene Ther. 2013;20:348\u201352.","journal-title":"Gene Ther."},{"key":"1207_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e76310","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0076310","volume":"8","author":"DF Aschauer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Aschauer DF, Kreuz S, Rumpel S. Analysis of Transduction Efficiency, Tropism and Axonal Transport of AAV Serotypes 1, 2, 5, 6, 8 and 9 in the Mouse Brain. PLoS One. 2013;8:e76310.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1207_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1038\/gt.2013.48","volume":"20","author":"W San Sebastian","year":"2013","unstructured":"San Sebastian W, Samaranch L, Heller G, Kells AP, Bringas J, Pivirotto P, et al. Adeno-associated virus type 6 is retrogradely transported in the non-human primate brain. Gene Ther. 2013;20:1178\u201383.","journal-title":"Gene Ther."},{"key":"1207_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-018-0258-2","volume":"2","author":"JO Szablowski","year":"2018","unstructured":"Szablowski JO, Lee-gosselin A, Lue B, Malounda D, Shapiro MG. Non-invasive control of neural circuits. Nat Biomed Eng. 2018;2:1\u201311.","journal-title":"Nat Biomed Eng."},{"key":"1207_CR30","first-page":"503","volume":"39","author":"SV Mahler","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mahler SV, Brodnik ZD, Cox BM, Buchta WC, Bentzley BS, Cope ZA, et al. Chemogenetic manipulations of ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons reveal multifaceted roles in cocaine abuse. BioRxiv. 2018;39:503\u201318.","journal-title":"BioRxiv"},{"key":"1207_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-56847-4","volume":"10","author":"J Cho","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cho J, Ryu S, Lee S, Kim J, Kim HI. Optimizing clozapine for chemogenetic neuromodulation of somatosensory cortex. Sci Rep. 2020;10:1\u201311.","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"1207_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mimura K, Nagai Y, Inoue KI, Matsumoto J, Hori Y, Sato C, et al. Chemogenetic activation of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons in freely moving common marmosets. iScience. 2021;24:103066. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.isci.2021.103066.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2021.103066"},{"key":"1207_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.05.034","volume":"15","author":"NR Sciolino","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sciolino NR, Plummer NW, Chen Y-W, Alexander GM, Robertson SD, Dudek SM, et al. Recombinase-Dependent Mouse Lines for Chemogenetic Activation of Genetically Defined Cell Types. Cell Rep. 2016;15:2563\u201373.","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"1207_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3215","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI74664","volume":"124","author":"MT Dell\u2019Anno","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dell\u2019Anno MT, Caiazzo M, Leo D, Dvoretskova E, Medrihan L, Colasante G, et al. Remote control of induced dopaminergic neurons in parkinsonian rats. J Clin Investig. 2014;124:3215\u201329.","journal-title":"J Clin Investig."},{"key":"1207_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bonaventura J, Eldridge MAG, Hu F, Gomez JL, Sanchez-Soto M, Abramyan AM, et al. High-potency ligands for DREADD imaging and activation in rodents and monkeys. Nat Commun. 2019;10:4627. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-019-12236-z.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12236-z"},{"key":"1207_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.117.013995","volume":"71","author":"AH Runegaard","year":"2019","unstructured":"Runegaard AH, Fitzpatrick CM, Woldbye DPD, Andreasen JT, S\u00f8rensen AT, Gether U. Modulating dopamine signaling and behavior with chemogenetics: concepts, progress, and challenges. Pharm Rev. 2019;71:123\u201356.","journal-title":"Pharm Rev."},{"key":"1207_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1021\/ac00102a015","volume":"67","author":"BP Jackson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Jackson BP, Dietz SM, Wightman RM. Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry of 5-hydroxytryptamine. Anal Chem 1995;67:1115\u201320.","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"key":"1207_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-013-1327-x","volume":"29","author":"S Wang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wang S, Tan Y, Zhang JE, Luo M. Pharmacogenetic activation of midbrain dopaminergic neurons induces hyperactivity. Neurosci Bull. 2013;29:517\u201324.","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull."},{"key":"1207_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e95392","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0095392","volume":"9","author":"AJ Boender","year":"2014","unstructured":"Boender AJ, de Jong JW, Boekhoudt L, Luijendijk MCM, van der Plasse G, Adan RAH. Combined use of the canine adenovirus-2 and DREADD-technology to activate specific neural pathways in vivo. PLoS One. 2014;9:e95392.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1207_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(03)01272-X","volume":"463","author":"L Prut","year":"2003","unstructured":"Prut L, Belzung C. The open field as a paradigm to measure the effects of drugs on anxiety-like behaviors: a review. Eur J Pharmacol. 2003;463:3\u201333.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol."},{"key":"1207_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3908(89)90081-6","volume":"28","author":"M Carli","year":"1989","unstructured":"Carli M, Prontera C, Samanin R. Effect of 5-HT1A agonists on stress-induced deficit in open field locomotor activity of rats: Evidence that this model identifies anxiolytic-like activity. Neuropharmacology. 1989;28:471\u20136.","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology."},{"key":"1207_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1080\/10253890.2018.1438405","volume":"21","author":"O Sturman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sturman O, Germain PL, Bohacek J. Exploratory rearing: a context- and stress-sensitive behavior recorded in the open-field test. Stress. 2018;21:443\u201352.","journal-title":"Stress."},{"key":"1207_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-2396(20000901)37:3<194::AID-SYN3>3.0.CO;2-A","volume":"37","author":"KC Berridge","year":"2000","unstructured":"Berridge KC, Aldridge JW. Super-stereotypy I: Enhancement of a complex movement sequence by systemic dopamine D1 agonists. Synapse. 2000;37:194\u2013204.","journal-title":"Synapse."},{"key":"1207_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2015.8","volume":"17","author":"AV Kalueff","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kalueff AV, Stewart AM, Song C, Berridge KC, Graybiel AM, Fentress JC. Neurobiology of rodent self-grooming and its value for translational neuroscience. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2016;17:45\u201359.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci."},{"key":"1207_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1234733","volume":"340","author":"SE Ahmari","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ahmari SE, Spellman T, Douglass NL, Kheirbek MA, Simpson HB, Deisseroth K, et al. Repeated cortico-striatal stimulation generates persistent OCD-like behavior. Science. 2013;340:1234\u20139.","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"1207_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ram\u00edrez-Armenta KI, Alatriste-Le\u00f3n H, Verma-Rodr\u00edguez AK, Llanos-Moreno A, Ram\u00edrez-Jarqu\u00edn JO, Tecuapetla F. Optogenetic inhibition of indirect pathway neurons in the dorsomedial striatum reduces excessive grooming in Sapap3-knockout mice. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41386-021-01161-9.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-021-01161-9"},{"key":"1207_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lu J, Cheng Y, Xie X, Woodson K, Bonifacio J, Disney E, et al. Whole-Brain Mapping of Direct Inputs to Dopamine D1 and D2 Receptor-Expressing Medium Spiny Neurons in the Posterior Dorsomedial Striatum. Eneuro. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0348-20.2020.","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0348-20.2020"},{"key":"1207_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02245228","volume":"113","author":"M Bubser","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bubser M, Koch M. Prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response of rats is reduced by 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the medial prefrontal cortex. Psychopharmacology. 1994;113:487\u201392.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"1207_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-3057(98)00234-2","volume":"63","author":"K Zavitsanou","year":"1999","unstructured":"Zavitsanou K. Dopamine antagonists in the orbital prefrontal cortex reduce prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex in the rat. Pharm Biochem Behav. 1999;63:55\u201361.","journal-title":"Pharm Biochem Behav."},{"key":"1207_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2016.06.012","volume":"283","author":"L Bikovsky","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bikovsky L, Hadar R, Soto-Montenegro ML, Klein J, Weiner I, Desco M, et al. Deep brain stimulation improves behavior and modulates neural circuits in a rodent model of schizophrenia. Exp Neurol. 2016;283:142\u201350.","journal-title":"Exp Neurol."},{"key":"1207_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2016.00148","volume":"10","author":"C Rohleder","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rohleder C, Wiedermann D, Neumaier B, Drzezga A, Timmermann L, Graf R, et al. The Functional Networks of Prepulse Inhibition: Neuronal Connectivity Analysis Based on FDG-PET in Awake and Unrestrained Rats. Front Behav Neurosci. 2016;10:148.","journal-title":"Front Behav Neurosci."},{"key":"1207_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130100799","volume":"156","author":"NR Swerdlow","year":"2001","unstructured":"Swerdlow NR, Geyer MA, Braff DL. Neural circuit regulation of prepulse inhibition of startle in the rat: Current knowledge and future challenges. Psychopharmacology. 2001;156:194\u2013215.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"1207_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(00)00299-0","volume":"117","author":"M Koch","year":"2000","unstructured":"Koch M, Fendt M, Kretschmer BD. Role of the substantia nigra pars reticulata in sensorimotor gating, measured by prepulse inhibition of startle in rats. Behav Brain Res. 2000;117:153\u201362.","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res."},{"key":"1207_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2963","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2015.363","volume":"41","author":"SE Ahmari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ahmari SE, Risbrough VB, Geyer MA, Simpson HB. Prepulse inhibition deficits in obsessive-compulsive disorder are more pronounced in females. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2016;41:2963\u20134.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology."},{"key":"1207_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rodrigues S, Salum C, Ferreira TL. Dorsal striatum D1-expressing neurons are involved with sensorimotor gating on prepulse inhibition test. J Psychopharmacol. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0269881116686879.","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881116686879"},{"key":"1207_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300547","volume":"30","author":"M Bortolato","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bortolato M, Aru GN, F\u00e0 M, Frau R, Orr\u00f9 M, Salis P, et al. Activation of D1, but not D2 receptors potentiates dizocilpine-mediated disruption of prepulse inhibition of the startle. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2005;30:561\u201374.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology."},{"key":"1207_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Geyer MA, Krebs-Thomson K, Braff DL, Swerdlow NR. Pharmacological studies of prepulse inhibition models of sensorimotor gating deficits in schizophrenia: a decade in review. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2001;156:117\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s002130100811.","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130100811"},{"key":"1207_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2010.02.011","volume":"20","author":"M Weber","year":"2010","unstructured":"Weber M, Chang W-L, Breier MR, Yang A, Millan MJ, Swerdlow NR. The effects of the dopamine D2 agonist sumanirole on prepulse inhibition in rats. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2010;20:421\u20135.","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol."},{"key":"1207_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2003.10.025","volume":"152","author":"CF Plappert","year":"2004","unstructured":"Plappert CF, Pilz PKD, Schnitzler H-U. Factors governing prepulse inhibition and prepulse facilitation of the acoustic startle response in mice. Behav Brain Res. 2004;152:403\u201312.","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res."},{"key":"1207_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(97)00110-3","volume":"18","author":"N Swerdlow","year":"1998","unstructured":"Swerdlow N. Discrepant findings of clozapine effects on prepulse inhibition of startle: is it the route or the rat? Neuropsychopharmacology. 1998;18:50\u201356.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology."},{"key":"1207_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(02)00645-5","volume":"75","author":"MM Faraday","year":"2002","unstructured":"Faraday MM. Rat sex and strain differences in responses to stress. Physiol Behav. 2002;75:507\u201322.","journal-title":"Physiol Behav."},{"key":"1207_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(99)00058-3","volume":"104","author":"J Lehmann","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lehmann J, Pryce CR, Feldon J. Sex differences in the acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition in Wistar rats. Behav Brain Res. 1999;104:113\u20137.","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res."},{"key":"1207_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1097\/FBP.0000000000000198","volume":"27","author":"F Tyl\u0161","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tyl\u0161 F, P\u00e1len\u00ed\u010dek T, Kade\u0159\u00e1bek L, Lipski M, Kube\u0161ov\u00e1 A, Hor\u00e1\u010dek J. Sex differences and serotonergic mechanisms in the behavioural effects of psilocin. Behav Pharmacol. 2016;27:309\u201320.","journal-title":"Behav Pharmacol."},{"key":"1207_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2011.01.041","volume":"180","author":"LC Baldan Ramsey","year":"2011","unstructured":"Baldan Ramsey LC, Xu M, Wood N, Pittenger C. Lesions of the dorsomedial striatum disrupt prepulse inhibition. Neuroscience. 2011;180:222\u20138.","journal-title":"Neuroscience."},{"key":"1207_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ilg AK, Enkel T, Bartsch D, B\u00e4hner F. Behavioral Effects of Acute Systemic Low-Dose Clozapine in Wild-Type Rats: Implications for the Use of DREADDs in Behavioral Neuroscience. Front Behav Neurosci. 2018;12:173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnbeh.2018.00173.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2018.00173"},{"key":"1207_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0219-16.2016","volume":"3","author":"DAA MacLaren","year":"2016","unstructured":"MacLaren DAA, Browne RW, Shaw JK, Krishnan Radhakrishnan S, Khare P, Espana RA, et al. Clozapine N-Oxide Administration Produces Behavioral Effects in Long-Evans Rats: Implications for Designing DREADD Experiments. ENeuro. 2016;3:219\u201316.","journal-title":"ENeuro."},{"key":"1207_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan2475","volume":"357","author":"JL Gomez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gomez JL, Bonaventura J, Lesniak W, Mathews WB, Sysa-shah P, Rodriguez LA, et al. Chemogenetics revealed: dreadd occupancy and activation via converted clozapine. Science. 2017;357:503\u20137.","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"1207_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-010-1937-1","volume":"212","author":"L De Carolis","year":"2010","unstructured":"De Carolis L, Stasi MA, Serlupi-Crescenzi O, Borsini F, Nencini P. The effects of clozapine on quinpirole-induced non-regulatory drinking and prepulse inhibition disruption in rats. Psychopharmacology. 2010;212:105\u201315.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"1207_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Apetz N, Kordys E, Simon M, Mang B, Aswendt M, Wiedermann D, et al. Effects of subthalamic deep brain stimulation on striatal metabolic connectivity in a rat hemiparkinsonian model. Dis Model Mech. 2019;12:dmm039065. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dmm.039065.","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.039065"},{"key":"1207_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Urban DJ, Zhu H, Marcinkiewcz CA, Michaelides M, Oshibuchi H, Rhea D, et al. Elucidation of The Behavioral Program and Neuronal Network Encoded by Dorsal Raphe Serotonergic Neurons. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2016;41:1404\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/npp.2015.293. Epub 2015 Sep 18.","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2015.293"},{"key":"1207_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5342","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI72117","volume":"123","author":"M Michaelides","year":"2013","unstructured":"Michaelides M, Anderson SAR, Ananth M, Smirnov D, Thanos PK, Neumaier JF, et al. Whole-brain circuit dissection in free-moving animals reveals cell-specific mesocorticolimbic networks. J Clin Investig. 2013;123:5342\u201350.","journal-title":"J Clin Investig."},{"key":"1207_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2016.10.003","volume":"257","author":"S Servaes","year":"2016","unstructured":"Servaes S, Glorie D, Verhaeghe J, Wyffels L, Stroobants S, Staelens S. [18F]-FDG PET neuroimaging in rats with quinpirole-induced checking behavior as a model for obsessive compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging. 2016;257:31\u201338.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging"},{"key":"1207_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.07.042","volume":"45","author":"P Borghammer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Borghammer P, Cumming P, Aanerud J, Gjedde A. Artefactual subcortical hyperperfusion in PET studies normalized to global mean: Lessons from Parkinson\u2019s disease. Neuroimage. 2009;45:249\u201357.","journal-title":"Neuroimage."},{"key":"1207_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1177\/41.4.8450195","volume":"41","author":"JR Moffett","year":"1993","unstructured":"Moffett JR, Namboodiri MAA, Neale JH. Enhanced carbodiimide fixation for immunohistochemistry: Application to the comparative distributions of N-acetylaspartylglutamate and N- acetylaspartate immunoreactivities in rat brain. J Histochem Cytochem. 1993;41:559\u201370.","journal-title":"J Histochem Cytochem."},{"key":"1207_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2006.03913.x","volume":"98","author":"LK Bak","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bak LK, Schousboe A, Waagepetersen HS. The glutamate\/GABA-glutamine cycle: aspects of transport, neurotransmitter homeostasis and ammonia transfer. J Neurochem. 2006;98:641\u201353.","journal-title":"J Neurochem."},{"key":"1207_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2587","volume":"33","author":"N Agarwal","year":"2012","unstructured":"Agarwal N, Renshaw PF. Proton MR spectroscopy - Detectable major neurotransmitters of the brain: Biology and possible clinical applications. Am J Neuroradiol. 2012;33:595\u2013602.","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol."},{"key":"1207_CR77","first-page":"340","volume":"13","author":"J Zhao","year":"2001","unstructured":"Zhao J, Ramadan E, Cappiello M, Wroblewska B, Bzdega T, Neale JH. NAAG inhibits KCl-induced [3H]-GABA release via mGluR3, cAMP, PKA and L-type calcium conductance. Eur J Neurosci. 2001;13:340\u20136.","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci."},{"key":"1207_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4588","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-12-04588.1998","volume":"18","author":"D Sulzer","year":"1998","unstructured":"Sulzer D, Joyce MP, Lin L, Geldwert D, Haber SN, Hattori T, et al. Dopamine neurons make glutamatergic synapses in vitro. J Neurosci. 1998;18:4588\u2013602.","journal-title":"J Neurosci."},{"key":"1207_CR79","first-page":"296","volume":"29","author":"L\u00c9 Trudeau","year":"2004","unstructured":"Trudeau L\u00c9. Glutamate co-transmission as an emerging concept in monoamine neuron function. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2004;29:296\u2013310.","journal-title":"J Psychiatry Neurosci."},{"key":"1207_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Joo YH, Kim YK, Choi IG, Kim HJ, Son YD, Kim HK, et al. In vivo glucose metabolism and glutamate levels in mGluR5 knockout mice: a multimodal neuroimaging study using [18F]FDG microPET and MRS. EJNMMI Res. 2020;10:116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13550-020-00716-z.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13550-020-00716-z"},{"key":"1207_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2011.09111692","volume":"168","author":"Z Wang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wang Z, Maia TV, Marsh R, Colibazzi T, Gerber A, Peterson BS. The neural circuits that generate tics in Tourette\u2019s syndrome. Am J Psychiatry. 2011;168:1326\u201337.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1207_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3344","volume":"16","author":"M Figee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Figee M, Luigjes J, Smolders R, Valencia-Alfonso CE, Van Wingen G, De, et al. Deep brain stimulation restores frontostriatal network activity in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Nat Neurosci. 2013;16:386\u20137.","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci."},{"key":"1207_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.09.032","volume":"1629","author":"EJ Nordstrom","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nordstrom EJ, Bittner KC, McGrath MJ, Parks CR, Burton FH. Hyperglutamatergic cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit breaker drugs alleviate tics in a transgenic circuit model of Tourette\u2019s syndrome. Brain Res. 2015;1629:38\u201353.","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"1207_CR84","first-page":"415","volume":"55","author":"A Ceccherini-Nelli","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ceccherini-Nelli A, Guazzelli M. Treatment of refractory OCD with the dopamine agonist bromocriptine. J Clin Psychiatry. 1994;55:415\u20136.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Neuropsychopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41386-021-01207-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41386-021-01207-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41386-021-01207-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T13:50:12Z","timestamp":1744120212000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41386-021-01207-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"references-count":84,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["1207"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41386-021-01207-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0893-133X","1740-634X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0893-133X","type":"print"},{"value":"1740-634X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 June 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 September 2021","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 October 2021","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 November 2021","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"MP is collaborating with the company Compass Pathways Plc (London, UK). MS is a member of the scientific advisory board of Roche Pharmaceuticals. The remaining authors have nothing to disclose.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}