{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T17:53:08Z","timestamp":1787161988180,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,18]],"date-time":"2022-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,18]],"date-time":"2022-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuropsychopharmacol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Several proteins have proven useful as blood-based biomarkers to assist in evaluation and management of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The objective of this study was to determine whether two day-of-injury blood-based biomarkers are predictive of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We used data from 1143 individuals with mild TBI (mTBI; defined as admission Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] score 13\u201315) enrolled in TRACK-TBI, a prospective longitudinal study of level 1 trauma center patients. Plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured from blood collected within 24\u2009h of injury. Two hundred and twenty-seven (19.9%\u00a0of) patients had probable PTSD (PCL-5 score \u2265 33) at 6 months post-injury. GFAP levels were positively associated (Spearman\u2019s rho\u2009=\u20090.35,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) with duration of posttraumatic amnesia (PTA). There was an inverse association between PTSD and (log)GFAP (adjusted\u00a0OR\u2009=\u20090.85, 95% CI 0.77\u20130.95 per log unit increase) levels, but no significant association with (log)hsCRP (adjusted\u00a0OR\u2009=\u20091.11, 95% CI 0.98\u20131.25 per log unit increase) levels. Elevated day-of-injury plasma GFAP, a biomarker of glial reactivity, is associated with reduced risk of PTSD after mTBI. This finding merits replication and additional studies to determine a possible neurocognitive basis for this relationship.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-022-01359-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,18]],"date-time":"2022-06-18T10:02:53Z","timestamp":1655546573000},"page":"2300-2308","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Association of day-of-injury plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein concentration and six-month posttraumatic stress disorder in patients with mild traumatic brain injury"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Jacqueline R.","family":"Kulbe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay D.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick K.","family":"Korley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pratik","family":"Mukherjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7444-2851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David O.","family":"Okonkwo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph T.","family":"Giacino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary J.","family":"Vassar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia S.","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"McCrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin K. 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