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Here, we show that parvalbumin-positive interneuron (PV-IN)-mediated feedforward inhibition to fear engram neurons (ENs) in the lateral amygdala is selectively enhanced following auditory fear conditioning, driven by increased postsynaptic expression of \u03b11 subunit (Gabra1)-containing GABA\n                    <jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptors. Disruption of PV-IN activity during fear retrieval\u2014via optogenetic or chemogenetic inhibition\u2014or selective induction of inhibitory long-term depression at PV\u2009\u2192\u2009EN synapses impaired fear discrimination, increasing freezing to novel tones while sparing responses to the conditioned stimulus. Mechanistically, we identify inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER) as a transcriptional regulator that limits inhibitory plasticity by downregulating Gabra1 expression, thereby promoting fear generalization. These findings establish a previously unrecognized form of inhibitory synaptic plasticity that governs the precision of fear memory and suggest potential therapeutic targets for maladaptive fear overgeneralization in disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-026-02568-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T10:42:50Z","timestamp":1791283370000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["ICER-Controlled inhibitory plasticity of amygdala engram neurons regulates fear memory precision"],"prefix":"10.1038","author":[{"given":"Hyunyong","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seungho","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taesik","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tran Diem","family":"Nghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linh","family":"Truong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gil Yeol","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jihwan","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Ki","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6716-2037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joung-Hun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2568_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.23.1.155","volume":"23","author":"JE LeDoux","year":"2000","unstructured":"LeDoux JE. 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