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Our primary aim was to examine in a randomized controlled setting whether diets enriched in fatty fish (FF), lean fish (LF) or ALA-rich camelina sativa oil (CSO) differ in their effects on the mRNA expression response of selected inflammation-related genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in subjects with impaired fasting glucose.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Subjects\/Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Samples from 72 participants randomized to one of the following 12-week intervention groups, FF (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200919), LF (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200919), CSO (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200917) or a control group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200917), were available for the PBMC study. For SAT, 39 samples (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20099, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200912, respectively) were available. The mRNA expression was measured at baseline and 12 weeks by TaqMan\u00ae Low Density Array.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In PBMCs, LF decreased <jats:italic>ICAM1<\/jats:italic> mRNA expression (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), which was different (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.06, Bonferroni correction) from the observed increase in the FF group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Also, compared to the control group, LF decreased <jats:italic>ICAM1<\/jats:italic> mRNA expression (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Moreover, the change in <jats:italic>ICAM1<\/jats:italic> mRNA expression correlated positively with the intake of FF (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and negatively with the intake of LF (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), independently of study group. A diet enriched in CSO, a rich source of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), decreased PBMC <jats:italic>IFNG<\/jats:italic> mRNA expression (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). The intake of CSO in the CSO group, but not the increase in plasma ALA proportions, correlated inversely with the <jats:italic>IFNG<\/jats:italic> mRNA expression in PBMCs (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.08). In SAT, when compared with the control group, the effect of FF on decreasing <jats:italic>IL1RN<\/jats:italic> mRNA expression was significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.03).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We propose that CSO intake may partly exert its benefits through immuno-inflammatory molecular regulation in PBMCs, while modulation of <jats:italic>ICAM1<\/jats:italic> expression, an endothelial\/vascular-related gene, may be more dependent on the type of fish consumed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41387-018-0069-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,8]],"date-time":"2019-01-08T02:19:14Z","timestamp":1546913954000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The effect of different sources of fish and camelina sativa oil on immune cell and adipose tissue mRNA expression in subjects with abnormal fasting glucose metabolism: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3414-6983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa D.","family":"de Mello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Dahlman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Lankinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sudhir","family":"Kurl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leena","family":"Pitk\u00e4nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Laaksonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ursula S.","family":"Schwab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arja T.","family":"Erkkil\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"69_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e10","DOI":"10.1017\/jns.2018.2","volume":"7","author":"A Rundblad","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rundblad, A., Holven, K. 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