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Cholangiocarcinoma samples were collected from the Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital (Shanghai, China) after informed consent was obtained from the patients. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee of the hospital (S2018-114-02). Animal experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Central South University (E2018-04).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}}]}}