{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T07:25:52Z","timestamp":1769844352663,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,11]],"date-time":"2019-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573430400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,11]],"date-time":"2019-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-019-0666-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,11]],"date-time":"2019-11-11T13:03:29Z","timestamp":1573477409000},"page":"924-931","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity is associated with impaired cognitive and motor function at school age in preterm children"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Thorell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Hallingstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Hagberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ing-Marie","family":"Fyhr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Tsiartas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Olsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John E.","family":"Chaplin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carina","family":"Mallard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Jacobsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karin","family":"S\u00e4vman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"666_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1810","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.3786","volume":"309","author":"F Serenius","year":"2013","unstructured":"Serenius, F. et al. Neurodevelopmental outcome in extremely preterm infants at 2.5 years after active perinatal care in Sweden. JAMA 309, 1810\u20131820 (2013).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"666_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200008103430601","volume":"343","author":"NS Wood","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wood, N. S., Marlow, N., Costeloe, K., Gibson, A. T. & Wilkinson, A. R. Neurologic and developmental disability after extremely preterm birth. EPICure Study Group. N. Engl. J. Med. 343, 378\u2013384 (2000).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"666_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F283","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2008.152793","volume":"94","author":"S Johnson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Johnson, S. et al. Academic attainment and special educational needs in extremely preterm children at 11 years of age: the EPICure study. Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. 94, F283\u2013F289 (2009).","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed."},{"key":"666_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.1210","volume":"170","author":"F Serenius","year":"2016","unstructured":"Serenius, F. et al. Neurodevelopmental outcomes among extremely preterm infants 6.5 years after active perinatal care in Sweden. JAMA Pediatr. 170, 954\u2013963 (2016).","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"666_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2014.07.005","volume":"90","author":"KH Grunewaldt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Grunewaldt, K. H. et al. Follow-up at age 10 years in ELBW children - Functional outcome, brain morphology and results from motor assessments in infancy. Early Hum. Dev. 90, 571\u2013578 (2014).","journal-title":"Early Hum. Dev."},{"key":"666_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14231","volume":"107","author":"J Bolk","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bolk, J. et al. National population-based cohort study found that visual-motor integration was commonly affected in extremely preterm born children at six-and-a-half years. Acta Paediatr. 107, 831\u2013837 (2018).","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr."},{"key":"666_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200005183422007","volume":"342","author":"RL Goldenberg","year":"2000","unstructured":"Goldenberg, R. L., Hauth, J. C. & Andrews, W. W. Intrauterine infection and preterm delivery. N. Engl. J. Med. 342, 1500\u20131507 (2000).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"666_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.2003.00157.x","volume":"82","author":"B Jacobsson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jacobsson, B. et al. Microbial invasion and cytokine response in amniotic fluid in a Swedish population of women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand. 82, 423\u2013431 (2003).","journal-title":"Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand."},{"key":"666_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.2003.00047.x","volume":"82","author":"B Jacobsson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jacobsson, B. et al. Microbial invasion and cytokine response in amniotic fluid in a Swedish population of women in preterm labor. Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand. 82, 120\u2013128 (2003).","journal-title":"Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand."},{"key":"666_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e3181bf5fab","volume":"67","author":"A Leviton","year":"2010","unstructured":"Leviton, A. et al. Microbiologic and histologic characteristics of the extremely preterm infant\u2019s placenta predict white matter damage and later cerebral palsy. the ELGAN study. Pediatr. Res. 67, 95\u2013101 (2010).","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"666_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2000.104207","volume":"182","author":"BH Yoon","year":"2000","unstructured":"Yoon, B. H. et al. Fetal exposure to an intra-amniotic inflammation and the development of cerebral palsy at the age of three years. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 182, 675\u2013681 (2000).","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"666_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2013.4248","volume":"168","author":"A Pappas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pappas, A. et al. Chorioamnionitis and early childhood outcomes among extremely low-gestational-age neonates. JAMA Pediatr. 168, 137\u2013147 (2014).","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"666_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1159\/000446236","volume":"110","author":"M Ylijoki","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ylijoki, M. et al. Chorioamnionitis and five-year neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants. Neonatology 110, 286\u2013295 (2016).","journal-title":"Neonatology"},{"key":"666_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489 e481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2012.03.024","volume":"206","author":"EO van Vliet","year":"2012","unstructured":"van Vliet, E. O. et al. Placental pathology and long-term neurodevelopment of very preterm infants. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 206, 489.e481\u2013e487 (2012).","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"666_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2018.0102","volume":"172","author":"D Bierstone","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bierstone, D. et al. Association of histologic chorioamnionitis with perinatal brain injury and early childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes among preterm neonates. JAMA Pediatr. 172, 534\u2013541 (2018).","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"666_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-018-0288-3","volume":"39","author":"T Strunk","year":"2019","unstructured":"Strunk, T. et al. Histological chorioamnionitis and developmental outcomes in very preterm infants. J. Perinatol. 39, 321\u2013330 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Perinatol."},{"key":"666_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2013.1199","volume":"167","author":"EO van Vliet","year":"2013","unstructured":"van Vliet, E. O., de Kieviet, J. F., Oosterlaan, J. & van Elburg, R. M. Perinatal infections and neurodevelopmental outcome in very preterm and very low-birth-weight infants: a meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr. 167, 662\u2013668 (2013).","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"666_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181e90046","volume":"116","author":"JG Shatrov","year":"2010","unstructured":"Shatrov, J. G. et al. Chorioamnionitis and cerebral palsy: a meta-analysis. Obstet. Gynecol. 116, 387\u2013392 (2010).","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"666_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2015.08.040","volume":"213","author":"CJ Kim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim, C. J. et al. Acute chorioamnionitis and funisitis: definition, pathologic features, and clinical significance. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 213, S29\u2013S52 (2015).","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"666_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2015.1053862","volume":"29","author":"L Pugni","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pugni, L. et al. Chorioamnionitis and neonatal outcome in preterm infants: a clinical overview. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med. 29, 1525\u20131529 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med."},{"key":"666_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2012.49","volume":"33","author":"AS Soraisham","year":"2013","unstructured":"Soraisham, A. S., Trevenen, C., Wood, S., Singhal, N. & Sauve, R. Histological chorioamnionitis and neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants. J. Perinatol. 33, 70\u201375 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Perinatol."},{"key":"666_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.2350\/06-12-0203.1","volume":"10","author":"RW Redline","year":"2007","unstructured":"Redline, R. W., Minich, N., Taylor, H. G. & Hack, M. Placental lesions as predictors of cerebral palsy and abnormal neurocognitive function at school age in extremely low birth weight infants (<1 kg). Pediatr. Dev. Pathol. 10, 282\u2013292 (2007).","journal-title":"Pediatr. Dev. Pathol."},{"key":"666_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.03.081","volume":"163","author":"AA Salas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Salas, A. A. et al. Histological characteristics of the fetal inflammatory response associated with neurodevelopmental impairment and death in extremely preterm infants. J. Pediatr. 163, 652\u2013657.e651\u2013e652 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"666_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2009.016","volume":"37","author":"A Berger","year":"2009","unstructured":"Berger, A. et al. Intrauterine infection with Ureaplasma species is associated with adverse neuromotor outcome at 1 and 2 years adjusted age in preterm infants. J. Perinat. Med. 37, 72\u201378 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Perinat. Med."},{"key":"666_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.159.11.1032","volume":"159","author":"S Polam","year":"2005","unstructured":"Polam, S., Koons, A., Anwar, M., Shen-Schwarz, S. & Hegyi, T. Effect of chorioamnionitis on neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants. Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. 159, 1032\u20131035 (2005).","journal-title":"Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med."},{"key":"666_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2010.09.010","volume":"158","author":"L Hendson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hendson, L. et al. Neonatal and neurodevelopmental outcomes of very low birth weight infants with histologic chorioamnionitis. J. Pediatr. 158, 397\u2013402 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"666_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466 e461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.12.031","volume":"198","author":"WW Andrews","year":"2008","unstructured":"Andrews, W. W. et al. Early preterm birth: association between in utero exposure to acute inflammation and severe neurodevelopmental disability at 6 years of age. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 198, 466 e461\u2013466 e411 (2008).","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"666_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2012.160","volume":"33","author":"SA Burns","year":"2013","unstructured":"Burns, S. A. et al. The impact of chorioamnionitis on neurodevelopmental outcomes at 3, 8 and 18 years in low-birthweight preterm infants. J. Perinatol. 33, 548\u2013552 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Perinatol."},{"key":"666_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1080\/00313020802035865","volume":"40","author":"JL Hecht","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hecht, J. L. et al. Histological characteristics of singleton placentas delivered before the 28th week of gestation. Pathology 40, 372\u2013376 (2008).","journal-title":"Pathology"},{"key":"666_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1080\/J006v27n04_06","volume":"27","author":"JC Deitz","year":"2007","unstructured":"Deitz, J. C., Kartin, D. & Kopp, K. Review of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition (BOT-2). Phys. Occup. Ther. Pediatr. 27, 87\u2013102 (2007).","journal-title":"Phys. Occup. Ther. Pediatr."},{"key":"666_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.2012.01349.x","volume":"91","author":"M Ylijoki","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ylijoki, M., Ekholm, E., Haataja, L. & Lehtonen, L. Is chorioamnionitis harmful for the brain of preterm infants? A clinical overview. Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand. 91, 403\u2013419 (2012).","journal-title":"Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand."},{"key":"666_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogoh.2017.02.007","volume":"46","author":"E Maisonneuve","year":"2017","unstructured":"Maisonneuve, E., Ancel, P. Y., Foix-L\u2019Helias, L., Marret, S. & Kayem, G. Impact of clinical and\/or histological chorioamnionitis on neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants: a literature review. J. Gynecol. Obstet. Hum. Reprod. 46, 307\u2013316 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Gynecol. Obstet. Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"666_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2017.12.010","volume":"81","author":"A Leviton","year":"2018","unstructured":"Leviton, A. et al. Antecedents of screening positive for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in ten-year-old children born extremely preterm. Pediatr. Neurol. 81, 25\u201330 (2018).","journal-title":"Pediatr. Neurol."},{"key":"666_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2017.1399118","volume":"32","author":"A Rodriguez-Trujillo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Trujillo, A. et al. Influence of perinatal inflammation on the neurodevelopmental outcome of premature infants. J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med 32, 1069\u20131077 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"666_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.117680","volume":"185","author":"BH Yoon","year":"2001","unstructured":"Yoon, B. H. et al. Clinical significance of intra-amniotic inflammation in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 185, 1130\u20131136 (2001).","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"666_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-0440","volume":"120","author":"N Marlow","year":"2007","unstructured":"Marlow, N., Hennessy, E. M., Bracewell, M. A. & Wolke, D. Motor and executive function at 6 years of age after extremely preterm birth. Pediatrics 120, 793\u2013804 (2007).","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"666_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2018.1394","volume":"172","author":"J Bolk","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bolk, J., Farooqi, A., Hafstrom, M., Aden, U. & Serenius, F. Developmental coordination disorder and its association with developmental comorbidities at 6.5 years in apparently healthy children born extremely preterm. JAMA Pediatr. 172, 765\u2013774 (2018).","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."}],"container-title":["Pediatric Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41390-019-0666-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41390-019-0666-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41390-019-0666-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,20]],"date-time":"2023-05-20T21:28:46Z","timestamp":1684618126000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41390-019-0666-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,11]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["666"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41390-019-0666-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-3998","1530-0447"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-3998","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-0447","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 May 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 September 2019","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 October 2019","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 November 2019","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}