{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T11:57:59Z","timestamp":1793447879020,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,31]],"date-time":"2021-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,31]],"date-time":"2021-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An increased risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) exists when moderate-to-large patent ductus arteriosus shunts (hsPDA) persist beyond 14 days.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Goal<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the interaction between prolonged exposures to tracheal ventilation (\u226510 days) and hsPDA on the incidence of BPD in infants &lt;28 weeks gestation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Predefined definitions of prolonged ventilation (\u226510 days), hsPDA (\u226514 days), and BPD (room air challenge test at 36 weeks) were used to analyze deidentified data from the multicenter TRIOCAPI RCT in a secondary analysis of the trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 307 infants who survived &gt;14 days, 41 died before 36 weeks. Among survivors, 93\/266 had BPD. The association between BPD and hsPDA depended on the length of intubation. In multivariable analyses, prolonged hsPDA shunts were associated with increased BPD (odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI))\u2009=\u20093.00 (1.58\u20135.71)) when infants required intubation for \u226510 days. In contrast, there was no significant association between hsPDA exposure and BPD when infants were intubated &lt;10 days (OR (95% CI)\u2009=\u20091.49 (0.98\u20132.26)). A similar relationship between prolonged hsPDA and length of intubation was found for BPD\/death (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009307): infants intubated \u226510 days: OR (95% CI)\u2009=\u20092.41 (1.47\u20133.95)); infants intubated &lt;10 days: OR (95% CI)\u2009=\u20091.37 (0.86\u20132.19)).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Moderate-to-large PDAs were associated with increased risks of BPD and BPD\/death\u2014but only when infants required intubation \u226510 days.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Impact<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Infants with a moderate-to-large hsPDA that persist beyond 14 days are only at risk for developing BPD if they also receive prolonged tracheal ventilation for \u226510 days.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Infants who receive less ventilatory support (intubation for &lt;10 days) have the same incidence of BPD whether the ductus closes shortly after birth or whether it persists as a moderate-to-large shunt for several weeks.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Early PDA closure may be unnecessary in infants who require short durations of intubation since the PDA does not seem to alter the incidence of BPD in infants who require intubation for &lt;10 days.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-021-01475-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T10:49:45Z","timestamp":1617274185000},"page":"652-658","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Patent ductus arteriosus, tracheal ventilation, and the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Ronald I.","family":"Clyman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy K.","family":"Hills","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Cambonie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thierry","family":"Debillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Ligi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geraldine","family":"Gascoin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"Patkai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain","family":"Beuchee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geraldine","family":"Favrais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Durrmeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cyril","family":"Flamant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Christophe","family":"Roz\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"1475_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2016.06.046","volume":"177","author":"SI Sung","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sung, S. 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