{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T13:10:07Z","timestamp":1747228207375,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]],"date-time":"2024-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723680000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]],"date-time":"2024-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Incubator oxygen may improve respiratory stability in preterm infants compared with nasal cannula oxygen.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Single center randomized trial of infants &lt;29 weeks\u2019 gestation on supplemental oxygen at \u226532 weeks\u2019 postmenstrual age. Infants were crossed-over every 24\u2009hours for 96\u2009hours between incubator oxygen and nasal cannula \u22641.0\u2009L\/kg\/min. We measured episodes of intermittent hypoxemia (oxygen saturations (SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>)\u2009&lt;\u200985% \u226510\u2009seconds), bradycardia, cerebral and abdominal hypoxemia, and end-tidal carbon dioxide.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We enrolled 25 infants with a gestational age of 26 weeks 4 days\u00b115 days (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD) and birth weight 805\u2009\u00b1\u2009202 grams. There were no differences in episodes of intermittent hypoxemia, bradycardia, or cerebral hypoxemia between groups. There were fewer episodes of abdominal hypoxemia &lt;40% \u226510\u2009seconds with incubator oxygen compared with nasal cannula (132\u2009\u00b1\u2009130 versus 158\u2009\u00b1\u2009125; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Time with SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2009&lt;\u200985% and abdominal hypoxemia was lower among infants on incubator oxygen. Carbon dioxide values were higher while on incubator oxygen (41\u2009\u00b1\u200911 versus 36\u2009\u00b1\u200910\u2009mmHg; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.02).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>There was no difference in intermittent hypoxemia between incubator and nasal cannula oxygen among preterm infants on supplemental oxygen. Infants had higher levels of carbon dioxide while on incubator oxygen, which may have improved some measures of respiratory stability.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>ClincalTrials.gov identifiers<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>NCT03333174 and NCT03174301.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Impact Statement<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                <jats:list-item>\n                  <jats:p>In this randomized cross-over trial of preterm infants on supplemental oxygen, incubator oxygen did not decrease episodes of intermittent hypoxemia compared with nasal cannula oxygen. Incubator oxygen reduced time with oxygen saturations less than 85%, reduced abdominal hypoxemia, and increased carbon dioxide levels.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:list-item>\n                <jats:list-item>\n                  <jats:p>Differences in measures of respiratory stability on incubator oxygen may be partly due to higher carbon dioxide levels compared with nasal cannula oxygen.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:list-item>\n                <jats:list-item>\n                  <jats:p>The mode of supplemental oxygen administration may impact control of breathing in preterm infants through its effect on hypopharyngeal oxygen stability and carbon dioxide levels.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:list-item>\n              <\/jats:list>\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-024-03460-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]],"date-time":"2024-08-15T07:02:19Z","timestamp":1723705339000},"page":"1166-1170","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Control of breathing in preterm infants on incubator oxygen or nasal cannula oxygen"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Colm P.","family":"Travers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rouba","family":"Chahine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arie","family":"Nakhmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inmaculada","family":"Aban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Waldemar A.","family":"Carlo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Namasivayam","family":"Ambalavanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"3460_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.03.010","volume":"200","author":"CP Travers","year":"2018","unstructured":"Travers, C. 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M. et al. for the Neonatal Oxygenation Prospective Meta-analysis (NeOProM) collaboration. association between oxygen saturation targeting and death or disability in extremely preterm infants in the neonatal oxygenation prospective meta-analysis collaboration. JAMA 319, 2190\u20132201 (2018).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"3460_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2019.05.011","volume":"46","author":"BJ Stenson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Stenson, B. J. Achieved oxygenation saturations and outcome in extremely preterm infants. Clin. Perinatol. 46, 601\u2013610 (2019).","journal-title":"Clin. Perinatol."},{"key":"3460_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-019-0486-7","volume":"40","author":"S Gentle","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gentle, S., El-Ferzli, G., Winter, L., Salas, A. A. & Philips Iii, J. B. 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The other authors have no financial interests relevant to this article to disclose.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Informed consent from the parents\/legal guardians of infants was required prior to enrollment.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent Statement"}}]}}