{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T03:31:09Z","timestamp":1792812669144,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742342400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), the leading cause of neonatal encephalopathy (NE), primarily affects the central nervous system and is associated with multi-organ dysfunction (MOD) and long-term complications. Research often focuses on moderate to severe NE, with limited data on mild cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the incidence and severity of MOD in neonates with mild NE and explore its association with HIE severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Term neonates with NE related to HIE diagnosis between 2009 and 2023 were included. Sarnat staging was used to classify cases into mild and moderate\/severe. MOD was assessed on days 1 and 3 post-birth through echocardiography, troponin levels, creatinine levels, urine output, and liver function tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 452 neonates with HIE (185 mild, 267 moderate\/severe), 57% had liver injury, 55% cardiac injury, and 44% kidney injury in the first day of life. Neonates with mild NE had a MOD rate of 23%, lower than the 37% observed in moderate\/severe (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002). When compared to mild, infants with moderate\/severe NE had significantly higher incidences of cardiac (69% vs. 31%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), renal (49% vs. 38%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.067), and hepatic abnormalities (65% vs. 45%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.005).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study highlights the risk of extra-cranial organ injury even in infants with mild NE, stressing the importance of monitoring all regardless of severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Impact<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Comprehensive study prospectively\u00a0evaluating end-organ dysfunction in a cohort of neonates diagnosed with mild, moderate, and severe NE.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-025-03978-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T09:04:38Z","timestamp":1742375078000},"page":"1849-1855","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Multi-organ dysfunction across the neonatal encephalopathy spectrum"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Lynn","family":"Bitar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel L.","family":"Leon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Lun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srinivas","family":"Kota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina F.","family":"Chalak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"3978_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2020.00068","volume":"8","author":"MR Popescu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Popescu, M. 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