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We investigated the incidence, types and interactions of morbidities that prolong the LOS at 33\u201336 weeks PMA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Electronic and bedside charts of 1209 infants were visually reviewed. Major outcomes included respiratory support, achievement of gavage-free feeding and maternal\/infant variables associated with shorter\/longer than Median LOS. Fisher\u2019s exact tests\/ANOVA\/logistic regression were used for statistical analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The Median (IQR, Range) of the LOS were distinct at each and even within PMA between 33 and 36 weeks (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). 63% of infants born at 33-weeks received respiratory support vs. 46, 39 and 7% born at 34-, 35- and 36-weeks, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Multiple births, BW within a given PMA, SGA status, respiratory support, RDS, delayed gavage-free feeds and birthplace were associated with longer than Median LOS at each PMA (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.04). Achievement of gavage-free feeding was consistently the main determinant of early discharge home across all PMAs (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our newer approach in identifying relationship among morbidities in infant born at 33\u201336 weeks PMA fills important knowledge gaps. These data will facilitate evidence-based clinical care, educational-needs, health care resource planning and parental counseling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Impact<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Either grouped and\/or fragmented data are available for morbidities in infants born between 33 and 36 weeks post-menstrual age (PMA), which represents &gt;80% of all preterm infants.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>We demonstrate that respiratory insufficiency, type of respiratory support, delayed gavage-free feedings and length of stay (LOS) are inter-dependent and PMA-specific.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Using a novel approach, we provide new significant data that identify clinical variables, associated with shorter and longer than Median LOS at each and even within a given PMA.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Comprehensive analysis of morbidities suggests that preterm infants should neither be grouped, nor PMA alone be used for discharge planning and parental counseling.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-025-04411-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T19:27:51Z","timestamp":1759001271000},"page":"1504-1516","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Respiratory insufficiency, feeding issues and length of stay in 33\u201336 weeks post-menstrual age infants"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Anjeline","family":"Bukhari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahraa","family":"Dawoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selphee","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Matthews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamran","family":"Yusuf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shabih U.","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"4411_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2022.1622","volume":"176","author":"G Cao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cao, G., Liu, J. & Liu, M. 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