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We conducted a systematic search of Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials, and clinical trial registries from inception to 1st September 2025. We included documents on the use of RO in infants up to 1 year. We assessed risk of bias using the Risk of Bias In Non-randomised studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) and the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2). Reporting adheres to the PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews. We included 45 papers and 7 protocols. Five themes emerged: feasibility and methodology; RO for assessing pathological conditions and exposures; prognostication of respiratory outcomes; ability to evaluate treatment response in the neonatal intensive care (NICU); role in bronchodilator\/bronchoconstrictor testing in infants with wheezing. RO was feasible and may be a reliable modality for epidemiological studies of early lung function determinants and long-term follow-up of infants. It may also support individualised respiratory care in the NICU, although it has been used primarily as a research tool in this setting. Wider adoption requires infant-specific devices, standardised methodologies, and reference values.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Impact<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>This is the first comprehensive scoping review mapping the evidence on respiratory oscillometry in neonates and infants under one year of age.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Respiratory oscillometry may be a reliable modality for long-term monitoring of lung function starting in infancy.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Respiratory oscillometry may support individualised respiratory care and prognostication in the neonatal intensive care unit.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-026-05014-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T11:28:17Z","timestamp":1778066897000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Use of respiratory oscillometry in infants: a scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1038","author":[{"given":"Chiara","family":"Veneroni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viraraghavan Vadakkencherry","family":"Ramaswamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane M.","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaele L.","family":"Dellac\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Lavizzari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul Kareem","family":"Pullattayil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Rigotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Luisa","family":"Ventura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Zannin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"5014_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0191-2020","volume":"29","author":"NDJ Ubags","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ubags, N. 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Rev. 40, 24\u201332 (2021).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2021.05.006"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41390-026-05014-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41390-026-05014-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41390-026-05014-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T21:02:40Z","timestamp":1778101360000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41390-026-05014-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"references-count":61,"alternative-id":["5014"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41390-026-05014-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-3998","1530-0447"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-3998","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-0447","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 March 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 March 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 May 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Politecnico di Milano University, Institution of C.V. and R.L.D., received grants from Restech, Philips Healthcare, and Zoll Medical; R.L.D. holds a patent for the detection of expiratory flow limitation by oscillometry, for which royalties are paid by Philips Respironics and Restech srl outside the submitted work; a patent on monitoring lung volume recruitment by oscillometry with royalties paid by Zoll Medical; a patent on early detection of exacerbations by home monitoring of oscillometry with royalties paid by Restech, outside the submitted work; he is co-founder and shareholder of Restech Srl, a spin-off company of Politecnico di Milano producing medical devices for lung function testing based on oscillometry. A.L. reports to be a consultant for Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Zoll Medical, and Getinge. The other authors have nothing to disclose.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}