{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T14:10:38Z","timestamp":1788876638288,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Res"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-026-05479-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T13:46:40Z","timestamp":1788875200000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparing two diagnostic frameworks for obesity in Mexican children attending a pediatric obesity clinic"],"prefix":"10.1038","author":[{"given":"Judith E.","family":"Guzm\u00e1n-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricio","family":"Gomez-Orozco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00edctor Manuel","family":"Velasco-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Elena","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Tapia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0302-7145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nora A.","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"5479_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cegh.2023.101304","volume":"21","author":"MT Shenoy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shenoy, M. T. & Ramdas Nayak, V. K. Childhood obesity: impact, outcome and preventive strategies. Clin. Epidemiol. Glob. Health 21, 101304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cegh.2023.101304 (2023).","journal-title":"Clin. Epidemiol. Glob. Health"},{"key":"5479_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)00397-6","volume":"405","author":"JA Kerr","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kerr, J. A. et al. Global, regional, and national prevalence of child and adolescent overweight and obesity, 1990\u20132021, with forecasts to 2050: a forecasting study for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet 405, 785\u2013812, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)00397-6 (2025).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"5479_CR3","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Obesity and overweight. World Health Organization. 2025. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/obesity-and-overweight. Accessed 18 Sep 2025."},{"key":"5479_CR4","unstructured":"World Obesity Federation. World Obesity Atlas 2024. World Obesity Federation. 2024. https:\/\/data.worldobesity.org\/publications\/WOF-Obesity-Atlas-v7.pdf. Accessed 18 Sep 2025."},{"key":"5479_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.21149\/15842","volume":"66","author":"T Shamah-Levy","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shamah-Levy, T. et al. Sobrepeso y obesidad en poblaci\u00f3n escolar y adolescente. Salud Publica Mex. 66, 404\u2013413, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21149\/15842 (2024).","journal-title":"Salud Publica Mex."},{"key":"5479_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12904","volume":"20","author":"V Sharma","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sharma, V. et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis estimating the population prevalence of comorbidities in children and adolescents aged 5 to 18 years. Obes. Rev. 20, 1341\u20131349, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/obr.12904 (2019).","journal-title":"Obes. Rev."},{"key":"5479_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1159\/000441483","volume":"8","author":"NJ Farpour-Lambert","year":"2015","unstructured":"Farpour-Lambert, N. J. et al. Childhood obesity is a chronic disease demanding specific health care: a position statement from the Childhood Obesity Task Force (COTF) of the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO). Obes. Facts 8, 342\u2013349, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000441483 (2015).","journal-title":"Obes. Facts"},{"key":"5479_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.03.021","volume":"159","author":"J Juhola","year":"2011","unstructured":"Juhola, J. et al. Tracking of serum lipid levels, blood pressure, and body mass index from childhood to adulthood: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. J. Pediatr. 159, 584\u2013590, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.03.021 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"5479_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.2337\/dc19-1988","volume":"43","author":"G Twig","year":"2020","unstructured":"Twig, G. et al. Adolescent obesity and early-onset type 2 diabetes. Diab. Care 43, 1487\u20131495, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc19-1988 (2020).","journal-title":"Diab. Care"},{"key":"5479_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1097\/NT.0000000000000092","volume":"50","author":"FQ Nuttall","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nuttall, F. Q. Body mass index: obesity, BMI, and health\u2014a critical review. Nutr. Today 50, 117\u2013128, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/NT.0000000000000092 (2015).","journal-title":"Nutr. Today"},{"key":"5479_CR11","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Child and teen BMI categories. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2024). https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/bmi\/child-teen-calculator\/bmi-categories.html. Accessed 17 Dec 2025"},{"key":"5479_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1467-789x.2001.00031.x","volume":"2","author":"AM Prentice","year":"2001","unstructured":"Prentice, A. M. & Jebb, S. A. Beyond body mass index. Obes. Rev. 2, 141\u2013147, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1467-789x.2001.00031.x (2001).","journal-title":"Obes. Rev."},{"key":"5479_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1080\/0301446021000033409","volume":"30","author":"G Bedogni","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bedogni, G. et al. Sensitivity and specificity of body mass index and skinfold thicknesses in detecting excess adiposity in children aged 8\u201312 years. Ann. Hum. Biol. 30, 132\u2013139, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0301446021000033409 (2003).","journal-title":"Ann. Hum. Biol."},{"key":"5479_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2016.06.059","volume":"177","author":"JR Ryder","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ryder, J. R., Kaizer, A. M., Rudser, K. D., Daniels, S. R. & Kelly, A. S. Utility of body mass index in identifying excess adiposity in youth across the obesity spectrum. J. Pediatr. 177, 255\u2013261.e2, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2016.06.059 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"5479_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(24)00316-4","volume":"13","author":"F Rubino","year":"2025","unstructured":"Rubino, F. et al. Definition and diagnostic criteria of clinical obesity. Lancet Diab. Endocrinol. 13, 221\u2013262, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2213-8587(24)00316-4 (2025).","journal-title":"Lancet Diab. Endocrinol."},{"key":"5479_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2537619","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.37619","volume":"8","author":"LT Fourman","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fourman, L. T. et al. Implications of a new obesity definition among the All of Us cohort. JAMA Netw. Open 8, e2537619, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.37619 (2025).","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"5479_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2533806","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.33806","volume":"8","author":"D Park","year":"2025","unstructured":"Park, D., Lee, D. H., Kim, R., Shin, M. J. & Subramanian, S. V. Prevalence of clinical obesity in US adults based on a newly proposed definition. JAMA Netw. Open 8, e2533806, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.33806 (2025).","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"5479_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lana.2025.101217","volume":"50","author":"J Guerra Valencia","year":"2025","unstructured":"Guerra Valencia, J., Hern\u00e1ndez-V\u00e1squez, A., Mayta-Trist\u00e1n, P., Saavedra-Garcia, L. & Vargas-Fern\u00e1ndez, R. The new definition of obesity: an analysis of a population-based survey in an Andean country. Lancet Reg. Health Am. 50, 101217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lana.2025.101217 (2025).","journal-title":"Lancet Reg. Health Am."},{"key":"5479_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2025-071202","volume":"156","author":"CK Fox","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fox, C. K., Cook, S. R. & Armstrong, S. C. Children with obesity are not little adults with obesity. Pediatrics 156, e2025071202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2025-071202 (2025).","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"5479_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2537637","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.37637","volume":"8","author":"KM Flegal","year":"2025","unstructured":"Flegal, K. M. Redefining obesity\u2014too much is never enough. JAMA Netw. Open 8, e2537637, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.37637 (2025).","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"5479_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2025.1038","volume":"179","author":"M Manco","year":"2025","unstructured":"Manco, M. Reframing obesity in children. JAMA Pediatr. 179, 693, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2025.1038 (2025).","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr."},{"key":"5479_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S27","DOI":"10.2337\/dc26-S002","volume":"49","author":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee for Diabetes","year":"2026","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee for Diabetes Diagnosis and classification of diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes\u20142026. Diab. Care 49, S27\u2013S49, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc26-S002 (2026).","journal-title":"Diab. Care"},{"key":"5479_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.157.8.821","volume":"157","author":"S Cook","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cook, S., Weitzman, M., Auinger, P., Nguyen, M. & Dietz, W. H. Prevalence of a metabolic syndrome phenotype in adolescents. Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. 157, 821\u2013827, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archpedi.157.8.821 (2003).","journal-title":"Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med."},{"key":"5479_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S213","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-2107C","volume":"128","author":"Expert Panel on Integrated Guidelines for Cardiovascular Health and Risk Reduction in Children and Adolescents & National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","year":"2011","unstructured":"Expert Panel on Integrated Guidelines for Cardiovascular Health and Risk Reduction in Children and Adolescents & National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Expert panel on integrated guidelines for cardiovascular health and risk reduction in children and adolescents: summary report. Pediatrics 128, S213\u2013S256, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2009-2107C (2011).","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"5479_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2025.1597309","volume":"13","author":"NC Ayuzo Del Valle","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ayuzo Del Valle, N. C. et al. Beyond BMI: a comprehensive approach to pediatric obesity assessment. Front. Pediatr. 13, 1597309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2025.1597309 (2025).","journal-title":"Front. Pediatr."},{"key":"5479_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2017(01)07","volume":"72","author":"HM Da Cunha Palhares","year":"2017","unstructured":"Da Cunha Palhares, H. M. et al. Evaluation of clinical and laboratory markers of cardiometabolic risk in overweight and obese children and adolescents. Clinics 72, 36\u201343, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6061\/clinics\/2017(01)07 (2017).","journal-title":"Clinics"},{"key":"5479_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-023-01972-8","volume":"22","author":"JK Zapata","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zapata, J. K. et al. BMI-based obesity classification misses children and adolescents with raised cardiometabolic risk due to increased adiposity. Cardiovasc. Diabetol. 22, 240, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12933-023-01972-8 (2023).","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"key":"5479_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2017.09.066","volume":"192","author":"G Zabarsky","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zabarsky, G. et al. Impact of severe obesity on cardiovascular risk factors in youth. J. Pediatr. 192, 105\u2013114, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2017.09.066 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"5479_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101425","volume":"7","author":"RR Putri","year":"2025","unstructured":"Putri, R. R., Casswall, T., Danielsson, P., Marcus, C. & Hagman, E. The association between childhood obesity and major adverse liver outcomes in adolescence and young adulthood. JHEP Rep. 7, 101425. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhepr.2025.101425 (2025).","journal-title":"JHEP Rep."},{"key":"5479_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/735764","volume":"2014","author":"G Valerio","year":"2014","unstructured":"Valerio, G. et al. Perceived difficulty with physical tasks, lifestyle, and physical performance in obese children. BioMed. Res. Int. 2014, 735764. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/735764 (2014).","journal-title":"BioMed. Res. Int."},{"key":"5479_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.1007765","volume":"13","author":"M W\u00f3jcik","year":"2022","unstructured":"W\u00f3jcik, M. et al. Obesity in adolescents may be associated with limitations in daily activities and an increased level of anxiety in patients and their parents: preliminary results of a pilot study. Front. Endocrinol. 13, 1007765. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2022.1007765 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"5479_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5189","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-1047","volume":"95","author":"C Levy-Marchal","year":"2010","unstructured":"Levy-Marchal, C. et al. Insulin resistance in children: consensus, perspective, and future directions. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 95, 5189\u20135198, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2010-1047 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"5479_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-016-0751-5","volume":"16","author":"MM Kelsey","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kelsey, M. M. & Zeitler, P. S. Insulin resistance of puberty. Curr. Diab Rep. 16, 64, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11892-016-0751-5 (2016).","journal-title":"Curr. Diab Rep."},{"key":"5479_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15121505","volume":"15","author":"L Manole","year":"2025","unstructured":"Manole, L. et al. Bioelectrical impedance analysis versus dual X-ray absorptiometry for obesity assessment in pediatric populations: a systematic review. Diagnostics 15, 1505, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics15121505 (2025).","journal-title":"Diagnostics"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41390-026-05479-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41390-026-05479-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41390-026-05479-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T13:46:42Z","timestamp":1788875202000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41390-026-05479-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["5479"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41390-026-05479-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-3998","1530-0447"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-3998","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-0447","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 June 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 August 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 September 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}},{"value":"The requirement for individual informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital Regional Materno Infantil and the Department of Education, Health Research, and Quality of the Ministry of Health of Nuevo Le\u00f3n due to the retrospective design of the study and the use of de-identified data.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent statement","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}}]}}