{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T18:02:39Z","timestamp":1775671359272,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,25]],"date-time":"2019-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1551052800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Spinal Cord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41393-019-0263-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,25]],"date-time":"2019-02-25T12:10:31Z","timestamp":1551096631000},"page":"662-668","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Anti-muscarinic drugs increase rectal compliance and exacerbate constipation in chronic spinal cord injury"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Abhilash","family":"Paily","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guiseppe","family":"Preziosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prateesh","family":"Trivedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anton","family":"Emmanuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"263_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02055170","volume":"40","author":"K Krogh","year":"1997","unstructured":"Krogh K, Nielsen J, Djurhuus JC, Mosdal C, Sabroe S, Laurberg S. Colorectal function in patients with spinal cord lesions. Dis Colon Rectum. 1997;40:1233\u20139.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"263_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)91487-7","volume":"347","author":"S Glickman","year":"1996","unstructured":"Glickman S, Kamm MA. Bowel dysfunction in spinal-cord-injury patients. Lancet. 1996;347:1651.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"263_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101058","volume":"38","author":"AC Lynch","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lynch AC. Bowel dysfunction following spinal cord injury: a description of bowel function in a spinal cord-injured population and comparison with age and gender matched controls. Spinal Cord. 2000;38:717.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"263_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198111000-00002","volume":"6","author":"RM Gore","year":"1981","unstructured":"Gore RM, Mintzer RA, Calenoff L. Gastrointestinal complications of spinal cord injury. Spine (Phila, Pa 1976). 1981;6:538.","journal-title":"Spine (Phila, Pa 1976)"},{"key":"263_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100531","volume":"36","author":"D Looze De","year":"1998","unstructured":"De Looze D. Constipation and other chronic gastrointestinal problems in spinal cord injury patients. Spinal Cord. 1998;36:63\u20136.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"263_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3100616","volume":"36","author":"TR Han","year":"1998","unstructured":"Han TR, Kim JH, Kwon BS. Chronic gastrointestinal problems and bowel dysfunction in patients with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 1998;36:485\u201390.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"263_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-005-0061-5","volume":"48","author":"C Ng","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ng C, Prott G, Rutkowski S, Li Y, Hansen R, Kellow J, et al. Gastrointestinal symptoms in spinal cord injury: relationships with level of injury and psychologic factors. Dis Colon Rectum. 2005;48:1562\u20138.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"263_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101066","volume":"38","author":"K Krogh","year":"2000","unstructured":"Krogh K, Mosdal C, Laurberg S. Gastrointestinal and segmental colonic transit times in patients with acute and chronic spinal cord lesions. Spinal Cord. 2000;38:615\u201321.","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"263_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0302-2838(02)00540-7","volume":"43","author":"KE Andersson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Andersson KE, Yoshida M. Antimuscarinics and the overactive detrusor--which is the main mechanism of action? Eur Urol. 2003;43:1\u20135.","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"263_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2008.01089.x","volume":"20","author":"AE Bharucha","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bharucha AE, Seide B, Guan Z, Andrews CN, Zinsmeister AR. Effect of tolterodine on gastrointestinal transit and bowel habits in healthy subjects. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2008;20:643\u20138.","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"263_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2016.19","volume":"111","author":"PM Trivedi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Trivedi PM, Kumar L, Emmanuel A. Altered colorectal compliance and anorectal physiology in upper and lower motor neurone spinal injury may explain bowel symptom pattern. Am J Gastroenterol. 2016;111:552\u201360.","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"263_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1908","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-012-2113-8","volume":"57","author":"K Thiruppathy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Thiruppathy K, Roy A, Preziosi G, Pannicker J, Emmanuel A. Morphological abnormalities of the recto-anal inhibitory reflex reflects symptom pattern in neurogenic bowel. Dig Dis Sci. 2012;57:1908\u201314.","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"263_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2005.05454.x","volume":"95","author":"C Chapple","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chapple C, Steers W, Norton P, Millard R, Kralidis G, Glavind K, et al. A pooled analysis of three phase III studies to investigate the efficacy, tolerability and safety of darifenacin, a muscarinic M3 selective receptor antagonist, in the treatment of overactive bladder. BJU Int. 2005;95:993\u20131001.","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"263_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22505","volume":"33","author":"C Chapple","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chapple C, Cardozo L, Nitti V, Siddiqui E, Michel M. Mirabegron in overactive bladder: A Review of efficacy, safety, and tolerability. Neurourol Urodyn. 2014;33:17\u201330.","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"key":"263_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0701048","volume":"120","author":"SS Hegde","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hegde SS, Choppin A, Bonhaus D, Briaud S, Loeb M, Moy TM, et al. Functional role of M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors in the urinary bladder of rats in vitro and in vivo. Br J Pharmacol. 1997;120:1409\u201318.","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"263_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2680.2001.00231.x","volume":"21","author":"R Chess-Williams","year":"2001","unstructured":"Chess-Williams R, Chapple CR, Yamanishi T, Yasuda K, Sellers DJ. The minor population of M3-receptors mediate contraction of human detrusor muscle in vitro. J Auton Pharmacol. 2001;21:243\u20138.","journal-title":"J Auton Pharmacol"},{"key":"263_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02056950","volume":"39","author":"F Agachan","year":"1996","unstructured":"Agachan F, Chen T, Pfeifer J, Reissman P, Wexner SD. A constipation scoring system to simplify evaluation and management of constipated patients. Dis Colon Rectum. 1996;39:681\u20135.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"263_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02050307","volume":"36","author":"JMN Jorge","year":"1993","unstructured":"Jorge JMN, Wexner SD. Etiology and management of fecal incontinence. Dis Colon Rectum. 1993;36:77\u201397.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"263_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.44.1.77","volume":"44","author":"CJ Vaizey","year":"1999","unstructured":"Vaizey CJ, Carapeti E, Cahill JA, Kamm MA. Prospective comparison of faecal incontinence grading systems. Gut. 1999;44:77\u201380.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"263_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-007-9160-9","volume":"51","author":"B Holzer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Holzer B, Rosen HR, Novi G, Ausch C, H\u00f6lbling N, Hofmann M. et al. Sacral nerve stimulation in patients with severe constipation. Dis Colon Rectum. 2008;51:524\u20139.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"263_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70195-2","volume":"116","author":"NE Diamant","year":"1999","unstructured":"Diamant NE, Kamm MA, Wald A, Whitehead WE. AGA technical review on anorectal testing techniques. Gastroenterology. 1999;116:735\u201360.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"263_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0b013e318223fd7b","volume":"54","author":"G Preziosi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Preziosi G, Raptis DA, Storrie J, Raeburn A, Fowler CJ, Emmanuel A. Bowel biofeedback9treatment in patients with multiple sclerosis and bowel symptoms. Dis Colon Rectum. 2011;54:1114\u201321.","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"263_CR23","first-page":"279","volume":"50","author":"MP Caulfield","year":"1998","unstructured":"Caulfield MP, Birdsall NJ. International Union of Pharmacology. XVII. Classification of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Pharmacol Rev. 1998;50:279\u201390.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"263_CR24","first-page":"959","volume":"273","author":"P Wang","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wang P, Luthin GR, Ruggieri MR. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes mediating urinary bladder contractility and coupling to GTP binding proteins. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1995;273:959\u201366.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"263_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704781","volume":"136","author":"C Fetscher","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fetscher C, Fleichman M, Schmidt M, Krege S, Michel MC. M3 muscarinic receptors mediate contraction of human urinary bladder. Br J Pharmacol. 2002;136:641\u20134.","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"263_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1540\/jsmr.40.237","volume":"40","author":"T Uchiyama","year":"2004","unstructured":"Uchiyama T, Chess-Williams R. Muscarinic receptor subtypes of the bladder and gastrointestinal tract. J Smooth Muscle Res. 2004;40:237\u201347.","journal-title":"J Smooth Muscle Res"},{"key":"263_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706780","volume":"148","author":"P Abrams","year":"2006","unstructured":"Abrams P. Muscarinic receptors: their distribution and function in body systems, and the implications for treating overactive bladder. Br J Pharmacol. 2006;148:565.","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"263_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2982.2002.00357.x","volume":"14","author":"T Chiba","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chiba T, Bharucha AE, Thomforde GM, Kost LJ, Phillips SF. Model of rapid gastrointestinal transit in dogs: effects of muscarinic antagonists and a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2002;14:535\u201341.","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"263_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-6147(00)01737-5","volume":"22","author":"RM Eglen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Eglen RM, Choppin A, Watson N. Therapeutic opportunities from muscarinic receptor research. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2001;22:409\u201314.","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"263_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c130055","volume":"4","author":"KN Browning","year":"2014","unstructured":"Browning KN, Travagli RA. Central nervous system control of gastrointestinal motility and secretion and modulation of gastrointestinal functions. Compr Physiol. 2014;4:1339\u201368.","journal-title":"Compr Physiol"}],"container-title":["Spinal Cord"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41393-019-0263-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41393-019-0263-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41393-019-0263-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,20]],"date-time":"2023-05-20T17:37:16Z","timestamp":1684604236000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41393-019-0263-7"}},"subtitle":["Anti-muscarinic drug effect on neurogenic bowel"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,25]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["263"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41393-019-0263-7","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.735759857.793560239","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1362-4393","1476-5624"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1362-4393","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5624","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 July 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 February 2019","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 February 2019","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 February 2019","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"We certify that all applicable institutional and governmental regulations concerning the ethical use of patients were followed during the course of this research.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statement of ethics"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}