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Median, ulnar, and radial nerves of the more painful hand were stimulated. The same patients also received sham stimulation for 4 weeks. Pain was measured with Verbal Rating Scale weekly and with Brief Pain Inventory before and after both stimulation periods and after follow-up of 8 weeks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinically significant relief in pain was not achieved with high-PAS or sham treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this pilot study, clinically significant pain relief was not observed with high-PAS compared with sham treatment. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings. Nevertheless, pain is not a contraindication for high-PAS in rehabilitation. The previously reported positive effect on milder neuropathic pain may be due to improved muscle activity, different pain types, or placebo effect. High-PAS targeting sensory tracts instead of motor tracts merits further investigation for pain treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>clinicaltrials.gov, ID NCT05362422<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41394-026-00729-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T23:33:33Z","timestamp":1772580813000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Paired associative stimulation with a high-intensity cortical component and a high-frequency peripheral component in treatment of neuropathic pain after incomplete spinal cord injury \u2013 a pilot trial"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1242-422X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirsi","family":"Holopainen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Pohjonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Kirveskari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Selja","family":"Vaalto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1252-4728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jyrki P.","family":"M\u00e4kel\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jari","family":"Arokoski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0262-3570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasia","family":"Shulga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"729_CR1","unstructured":"Bickenbach J, Officer A, Shakespeare T, von Groote P, World Health Organization, The International Spinal Cord Society. 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