{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T11:11:44Z","timestamp":1794049904130,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673568000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Methylmercury (MeHg) is a potent neurotoxin that bioaccumulates along food chains. The conversion of MeHg from mercury (Hg) is mediated by a variety of anaerobic microorganisms carrying hgcAB genes. Mangrove sediments are potential hotspots of microbial Hg methylation; however, the microorganisms responsible for Hg methylation are poorly understood. Here, we conducted metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses to investigate the diversity and distribution of putative microbial Hg-methylators in mangrove ecosystems. The highest hgcA abundance and expression occurred in surface sediments in Shenzhen, where the highest MeHg concentration was also observed. We reconstructed 157 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) carrying hgcA and identified several putative novel Hg-methylators, including one Asgard archaea (Lokiarchaeota). Further analysis of MAGs revealed that Deltaproteobacteria, Euryarchaeota, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, and Lokiarchaeota were the most abundant and active Hg-methylating groups, implying their crucial role in MeHg production. By screening publicly available MAGs, 104 additional Asgard MAGs carrying hgcA genes were identified from a wide range of coast, marine, permafrost, and lake sediments. Protein homology modelling predicts that Lokiarchaeota HgcAB proteins contained the highly conserved amino acid sequences and folding structures required for Hg methylation. Phylogenetic tree revealed that hgcA genes from Asgard clustered with fused hgcAB genes, indicating a transitional stage of Asgard hgcA genes. Our findings thus suggest that Asgard archaea are potential novel Hg-methylating microorganisms and play an important role in hgcA evolution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41396-023-01360-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T12:05:15Z","timestamp":1673611515000},"page":"478-485","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Potential for mercury methylation by Asgard archaea in mangrove sediments"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0904-5531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cui-Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Archaeal Biology Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University , 518060 Shenzhen,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University , 518060 Shenzhen,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1112-4255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-Rong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University , 430070 Wuhan,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guihong","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs , Chengdu,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1109-0756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Archaeal Biology Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University , 518060 Shenzhen,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University , 518060 Shenzhen,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin-Quan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University , 430070 Wuhan,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongyi","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Archaeal Biology Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University , 518060 Shenzhen,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University , 518060 Shenzhen,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7431-9837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Archaeal Biology Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University , 518060 Shenzhen,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University , 518060 Shenzhen,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2757-6742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingwei","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Archaeal Biology Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University , 518060 Shenzhen,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University , 518060 Shenzhen,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Present address: Chemical Biology Institute, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8675-0758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Archaeal Biology Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University , 518060 Shenzhen,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University , 518060 Shenzhen,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025122902014699800_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2441","DOI":"10.1021\/es304370g","article-title":"Mechanisms regulating mercury bioavailability for methylating microorganisms in the aquatic environment: A critical 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