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One approach to address this is to use an intermediate biomarker to investigate the relationship between the drug\u2019s effect on the brain and change in cognitive function. This study aims to investigate aripiprazole\u2019s effect on working memory by determining the correlation between dopamine D2\/3 (D2\/3) receptor occupancy and working memory of patients with schizophrenia. Seven patients with schizophrenia participated in the study. Serial positron emission tomography (PET) scans with [<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C]raclopride were conducted at 2, 26, and 74\u2009h after the administration of aripiprazole. The subjects performed the <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>-back task just after finishing the [<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C]raclopride PET scan. The mean (\u00b1SD) D2\/3 receptor occupancies were 66.9\u2009\u00b1\u20096.7% at 2\u2009h, 65.0\u2009\u00b1\u20098.6% at 26, and 57.7\u2009\u00b1\u200911.2% at 74\u2009h after administering aripiprazole. Compared with performance on the zero-back condition, performance in memory-loaded conditions (one-, two-, and three-back conditions) was significantly related to D2\/3 receptor occupancy by aripiprazole (error rate: <jats:italic>\u00df<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22122.236, <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22126.631, df\u2009=\u200953.947, and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001; reaction time: <jats:italic>\u00df<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22129.567, <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22122.808, df\u2009=\u200929.967, and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009). Although the sample size was relatively small, these results suggest that aripiprazole as a dopamine-partial agonist could improve cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-018-0134-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,18]],"date-time":"2018-04-18T08:48:46Z","timestamp":1524041326000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["The relationship between dopamine receptor blockade and cognitive performance in schizophrenia: a [11C]-raclopride PET study with aripiprazole"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Sangho","family":"Shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seoyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seongho","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Sung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver D.","family":"Howes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0914-2331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Euitae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun Soo","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"134_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1007\/s007020200033","volume":"109","author":"CA Tamminga","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tamminga, C. 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