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Some of this impairment has been linked to executive dysfunction. In this study, a transdiagnostic approach was taken to identify executive function (EF) processes in young adults that may underpin social impairment and to evaluate their contribution to disability. Comparisons were made between three prominent disorders that are characterized by social impairments, Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Early Psychosis (EP) and Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD), as well as a neurotypically developing group (TYP). We examined whether overall disability could be predicted by neuropsychological and self-report assessments of EF. Our study showed that ASD participants demonstrated impaired performance on most domains of EF compared to the TYP group (mental flexibility, sustained attention and fluency) while the EP group showed impairment on sustained attention and attentional shifting. The SAD participants showed EF impairment on self-report ratings, even though their objective performance was intact. Self-reports of EF explained a significant percentage (17%) of disability in addition to the variance explained by other predictors, and this was particularly important for ASD. This is the first study to compare EF measures across clinical groups of social impairment and suggests unique cognitive-circuitry that underpins disability within groups. Impairments in EF were broad in ASD and predicted disability, EP impairments were specific to attentional processes and SAD impairments likely relate to negative self-monitoring. Self-report, as opposed to performance-based EF, provided best capacity to predict disability. These findings contribute to transdiagnostic circuitry models and intervention strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-018-0193-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,22]],"date-time":"2018-09-22T14:10:06Z","timestamp":1537625406000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Autism, Early Psychosis, and Social Anxiety Disorder: a transdiagnostic examination of executive function cognitive circuitry and contribution to disability"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Eleni A.","family":"Demetriou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine Y.","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shin H.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen L.","family":"Pepper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon L.","family":"Naismith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel F.","family":"Hermens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian B.","family":"Hickie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma E.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Norton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Django","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam J.","family":"Guastella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"193_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.157.10.1606","volume":"157","author":"MB Stein","year":"2000","unstructured":"Stein, M. 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He was a director of headspace: the national youth mental health foundation until January 2012. He was previously the chief executive officer (till 2003) and clinical adviser (till 2006) of beyondblue, an Australian National Depression Initiative. He is the Co-Director, Health and Policy at the Brain and Mind Centre that operates two early-intervention youth services under contract to headspace. He has led a range of community-based and pharmaceutical industry-supported depression awareness and education and training programs. He has led projects for health professionals and the community supported by governmental, community agency and pharmaceutical industry partners (Wyeth, Eli Lily, Servier, Pfizer, AstraZeneca) for the identification and management of depression and anxiety. He has received honoraria for presentations of his own work at educational seminars supported by a number of non-government organisations and the pharmaceutical industry (including Servier, Pfizer, AstraZeneca and Eli Lilly). He is a member of the Medical Advisory Panel for Medibank Private and also a Board Member of Psychosis Australia Trust. He leads an investigator-initiated study of the effects of agomelatine on circadian parameters (supported in part by Servier) and has participated in a multicentre clinical trial of the effects of agomelatine on sleep architecture in depression and a Servier-supported study of major depression and sleep disturbance in primary care settings. The other authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"200"}}