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On an epigenome-wide level, however, only two studies in PD patients have been published so far, while to date no study has intra-individually analyzed dynamic epigenetic correlates of treatment-response in PD on a DNA methylome level. Here, an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) was performed in a sample of 57 PD patients and matched healthy controls using the Illumina MethylationEPIC BeadChip, along with a longitudinal approach assessing changes on the DNA methylome level corresponding to clinical effects of a manualized six-week cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in PD. While no epigenome-wide significant hits could be discerned, top suggestive evidence was observed for decreased methylation in PD at cg19917903 in the Cilia and Flagella Associated Protein 46 (<jats:italic>CFAP46<\/jats:italic>) gene, and for an increase in methylation after CBT at cg06943668 in the Interleukin 1 Receptor Type 1 (<jats:italic>IL1R1<\/jats:italic>) gene in treatment responders to CBT. Additional exploratory analyses based on biological validity and a combined statistical\/biological ranking point to further new potential PD risk genes such as the <jats:italic>CCL4L1<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>GMNN<\/jats:italic> genes, and suggest dynamic methylation of, e.g., the <jats:italic>ZFP622<\/jats:italic> and the <jats:italic>SLC43A2<\/jats:italic> genes along with response to CBT. These EWAS and first longitudinal epigenome-wide pilot data in PD add to the emerging candidate gene-based body of evidence for epigenetic mechanisms to be involved in PD pathogenesis and to possibly constitute dynamic biological correlates of therapeutic interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-019-0648-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,21]],"date-time":"2019-11-21T16:02:42Z","timestamp":1574352162000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["The DNA methylome in panic disorder: a case-control and longitudinal psychotherapy-epigenetic study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8543-2010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christiane","family":"Ziegler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9649-281X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franziska","family":"Grundner-Culemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam A.","family":"Schiele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8460-0462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pascal","family":"Schlosser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonie","family":"Kollert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Mahr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Gajewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8348-153X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Klaus-Peter","family":"Lesch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Deckert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"K\u00f6ttgen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Domschke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"648_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.07.018","volume":"21","author":"HU Wittchen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wittchen, H. 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