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Mutations in\n                    <jats:italic>TCF4<\/jats:italic>\n                    cause a devastating autism spectrum disorder known as Pitt\u2013Hopkins syndrome, characterized by a range of aberrant phenotypes including severe intellectual disability, absence of speech, delayed cognitive and motor development, and dysmorphic features. Moreover, polymorphisms in\n                    <jats:italic>TCF4<\/jats:italic>\n                    have been associated with schizophrenia and other psychiatric and neurological conditions. Details about how\n                    <jats:italic>TCF4<\/jats:italic>\n                    genetic variants are linked to these diseases and the role of TCF4 during neural development are only now beginning to emerge. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the functions of\n                    <jats:italic>TCF4<\/jats:italic>\n                    and its protein products at both the cellular and organismic levels, as well as a description of pathophysiological mechanisms associated with this gene.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-020-01138-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,7]],"date-time":"2021-01-07T15:03:40Z","timestamp":1610031820000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Transcription factor 4 and its association with psychiatric disorders"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3704-7649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 R.","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0213-4443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan A.","family":"Szeto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinicius M. 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Analysis of the expression pattern of the schizophrenia-risk and intellectual disability gene TCF4 in the developing and adult brain suggests a role in development and plasticity of cortical and hippocampal neurons. Mol. Autism 9, 1\u201315 (2018).","journal-title":"Mol. Autism"},{"key":"1138_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddm099","volume":"16","author":"A Brockschmidt","year":"2007","unstructured":"Brockschmidt, A. et al. Severe mental retardation with breathing abnormalities (Pitt-Hopkins syndrome) is caused by haploinsufficiency of the neuronal bHLH transcription factor TCF4. Hum. Mol. Genet. 16, 1488\u20131494 (2007).","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"1138_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1086\/515583","volume":"80","author":"C Zweier","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zweier, C. et al. Haploinsufficiency of TCF4 causes syndromal mental retardation with intermittent hyperventilation (Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome). Am. J. Hum. Genet. 80, 994\u20131001 (2007).","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"1138_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1086\/515582","volume":"80","author":"J Amiel","year":"2007","unstructured":"Amiel, J. et al. Mutations in TCF4, encoding a Class I basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, are responsible for Pitt-Hopkins syndrome, a severe epileptic encephalopathy associated with autonomic dysfunction. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 80, 988\u2013993 (2007).","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"1138_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08186","volume":"460","author":"H Stefansson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Stefansson, H. et al. Common variants conferring risk of schizophrenia. 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