{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T16:00:53Z","timestamp":1790438453057,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,27]],"date-time":"2020-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,27]],"date-time":"2020-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transl Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Childhood maltreatment is highly prevalent and serves as a risk factor for mental and physical disorders. Self-reported childhood maltreatment appears heritable, but the specific genetic influences on this phenotype are largely unknown. The aims of this study were to (1) identify genetic variation associated with self-reported childhood maltreatment, (2) estimate SNP-based heritability (\n                    <jats:italic>h<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:sub>snp<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), (3) assess predictive value of polygenic risk scores (PRS) for childhood maltreatment, and (4) quantify genetic overlap of childhood maltreatment with mental and physical health-related phenotypes, and condition the top hits from our analyses when such overlap is present. Genome-wide association analysis for childhood maltreatment was undertaken, using a discovery sample from the UK Biobank (UKBB) (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009124,000) and a replication sample from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium-posttraumatic stress disorder group (PGC-PTSD) (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200926,290).\n                    <jats:italic>h<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:sub>snp<\/jats:sub>\n                    for childhood maltreatment and genetic correlations with mental\/physical health traits were calculated using linkage disequilibrium score regression. PRS was calculated using PRSice and mtCOJO was used to perform conditional analysis. Two genome-wide significant loci associated with childhood maltreatment (rs142346759,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20094.35\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>\u22128<\/jats:sup>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>FOXP1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ; rs10262462,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20093.24\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>\u22128<\/jats:sup>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>FOXP2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) were identified in the discovery dataset but were not replicated in PGC-PTSD.\n                    <jats:italic>h<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:sub>snp<\/jats:sub>\n                    for childhood maltreatment was ~6% and the PRS derived from the UKBB was significantly predictive of childhood maltreatment in PGC-PTSD (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0025;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091.8\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>\u221215<\/jats:sup>\n                    ). The most significant genetic correlation of childhood maltreatment was with depressive symptoms (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>g<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.70,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20094.65\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>\u221240<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), although we show evidence that our top hits may be specific to childhood maltreatment. This is the first large-scale genetic study to identify specific variants associated with self-reported childhood maltreatment. Speculatively,\n                    <jats:italic>FOXP<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes might influence externalizing traits and so be relevant to childhood maltreatment. Alternatively, these variants may be associated with a greater likelihood of reporting maltreatment. A clearer understanding of the genetic relationships of childhood maltreatment, including particular abuse subtypes, with a range of phenotypes, may ultimately be useful in in developing targeted treatment and prevention strategies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-020-0706-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,17]],"date-time":"2020-02-17T10:06:30Z","timestamp":1581933990000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Genomic influences on self-reported childhood maltreatment"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2333-4823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shareefa","family":"Dalvie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4517-1623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam X.","family":"Maihofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6759-0944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan R. 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