{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T04:15:27Z","timestamp":1790828127509,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,13]],"date-time":"2022-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652400000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,13]],"date-time":"2022-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["64023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["64023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01180"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01180"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008240","name":"Fonds de Recherche du Qu\u00e9bec-Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 et Culture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008240","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transl Psychiatry"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Relatives of individuals with schizophrenia have a higher risk of developing the illness compared to the general population. Thus, youth at familial high risk (FHR) offer a unique opportunity to identify neuroimaging-based endophenotypes of psychosis. Previous studies have identified lower amygdalo-hippocampal volume in FHR, as well as lower verbal memory and emotion recognition. However, whether these phenotypes increase the risk of transition to psychosis remains unclear. To determine if individuals who develop psychosis have abnormal neurodevelopmental trajectories of the amygdala and hippocampus, we investigated longitudinal changes of these structures in a unique cohort of 82 youth FHR and 56 healthy controls during a 3-year period. Ten individuals from the FHR group converted to psychosis. Longitudinal changes were compared using linear mixed-effects models. Group differences in verbal memory and emotion recognition performance at baseline were also analyzed. Surface-based morphometry measures revealed variation in amygdalar shape (concave shape of the right dorsomedial region) in those who converted to psychosis. Significantly lower emotion recognition performance at baseline was observed in converters. Percent trial-to-trial transfer on the verbal learning task was also significantly impaired in FHR, independently of the conversion status. Our results identify abnormal shape development trajectories in the dorsomedial amygdala and lower emotion recognition abilities as phenotypes of transition to psychosis. Our findings illustrate potential markers for early identification of psychosis, aiding prevention efforts in youth at risk of schizophrenia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-022-01957-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,13]],"date-time":"2022-05-13T19:14:16Z","timestamp":1652469256000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Altered amygdala shape trajectories and emotion recognition in youth at familial high risk of schizophrenia who develop psychosis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1582-725X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Synthia","family":"Guimond","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suraj S.","family":"Mothi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Makowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Mallar","family":"Chakravarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matcheri S.","family":"Keshavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"1957_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxn001","volume":"30","author":"J McGrath","year":"2008","unstructured":"McGrath J, Saha S, Chant D, Welham J. Schizophrenia: a concise overview of incidence, prevalence, and mortality. Epidemiol Rev. 2008;30:67\u201376.","journal-title":"Epidemiol Rev"},{"key":"1957_CR2","unstructured":"Murray CJ, Lopez, AD & World Health Organization. The global burden of disease: a comprehensive assessment of mortality and disability from diseases, injuries, and risk factors in 1990 and projected to 2020: summary. 1996."},{"key":"1957_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2005.04.009","volume":"15","author":"W Rossler","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rossler W, Salize HJ, van Os J, Riecher-Rossler A. Size of burden of schizophrenia and psychotic disorders. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2005;15:399\u2013409.","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"1957_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2009.12.003","volume":"33","author":"PV Gejman","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gejman PV, Sanders AR, Duan J. The role of genetics in the etiology of schizophrenia. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2010;33:35\u201366.","journal-title":"Psychiatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"1957_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)92285-7","volume":"346","author":"P McGuffin","year":"1995","unstructured":"McGuffin P, Owen MJ, Farmer AE. Genetic basis of schizophrenia. Lancet 1995;346:678\u201382.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1957_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858410395147","volume":"18","author":"F Adriano","year":"2012","unstructured":"Adriano F, Caltagirone C, Spalletta G. Hippocampal volume reduction in first-episode and chronic schizophrenia: a review and meta-analysis. Neuroscientist 2012;18:180\u2013200.","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"1957_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbs118","volume":"39","author":"SV Haijma","year":"2013","unstructured":"Haijma SV, Van Haren N, Cahn W, Koolschijn PC, Hulshoff Pol HE, Kahn RS. Brain volumes in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis in over 18 000 subjects. Schizophr Bull. 2013;39:1129\u201338.","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"1957_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1460","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2015.209","volume":"21","author":"N Okada","year":"2016","unstructured":"Okada N, Fukunaga M, Yamashita F, Koshiyama D, Yamamori H, Ohi K, et al. Abnormal asymmetries in subcortical brain volume in schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry. 2016;21:1460\u20136.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1957_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2015.118","volume":"21","author":"TG van Erp","year":"2016","unstructured":"van Erp TG, Hibar DP, Rasmussen JM, Glahn DC, Pearlson GD, Andreassen OA, et al. Subcortical brain volume abnormalities in 2028 individuals with schizophrenia and 2540 healthy controls via the ENIGMA consortium. Mol Psychiatry. 2016;21:585.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"1957_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.04.257","volume":"54","author":"TS Bhojraj","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bhojraj TS, Sweeney JA, Prasad KM, Eack SM, Francis AN, Miewald JM, et al. Gray matter loss in young relatives at risk for schizophrenia: relation with prodromal psychopathology. Neuroimage 2011;54(Suppl 1):S272\u20139.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"1957_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.3.297","volume":"64","author":"HB Boos","year":"2007","unstructured":"Boos HB, Aleman A, Cahn W, Hulshoff Pol H, Kahn RS. Brain volumes in relatives of patients with schizophrenia: a meta-analysis. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007;64:297\u2013304.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"1957_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2017.07.002","volume":"267","author":"K Hill","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hill K, Bolo N, Sarvode Mothi S, Lizano P, Guimond S, Tandon N, et al. Subcortical surface shape in youth at familial high risk for schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging. 2017;267:36\u201344.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging"},{"key":"1957_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(03)00158-0","volume":"64","author":"DE Job","year":"2003","unstructured":"Job DE, Whalley HC, McConnell S, Glabus M, Johnstone EC, Lawrie SM. Voxel-based morphometry of grey matter densities in subjects at high risk of schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2003;64:1\u201313.","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"1957_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5846(97)00164-4","volume":"21","author":"MS Keshavan","year":"1997","unstructured":"Keshavan MS, Montrose DM, Pierri JN, Dick EL, Rosenberg D, Talagala L, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy in offspring at risk for schizophrenia: preliminary studies. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 1997;21:1285\u201395.","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1957_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4927(01)00095-6","volume":"107","author":"GA O\u2019Driscoll","year":"2001","unstructured":"O\u2019Driscoll GA, Florencio PS, Gagnon D, Wolff AV, Benkelfat C, Mikula L, et al. Amygdala-hippocampal volume and verbal memory in first-degree relatives of schizophrenic patients. Psychiatry Res. 2001;107:75\u201385.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"1957_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00075-X","volume":"46","author":"LJ Seidman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Seidman LJ, Faraone SV, Goldstein JM, Goodman JM, Kremen WS, Toomey R, et al. Thalamic and amygdala-hippocampal volume reductions in first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia: an MRI-based morphometric analysis. Biol Psychiatry. 1999;46:941\u201354.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1957_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1514","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.159.9.1514","volume":"159","author":"TG Van Erp","year":"2002","unstructured":"Van Erp TG, Saleh PA, Rosso IM, Huttunen M, Lonnqvist J, Pirkola T, et al. Contributions of genetic risk and fetal hypoxia to hippocampal volume in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, their unaffected siblings, and healthy unrelated volunteers. Am J Psychiatry. 2002;159:1514\u201320.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"1957_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(02)00301-X","volume":"12","author":"R Adolphs","year":"2002","unstructured":"Adolphs R. Neural systems for recognizing emotion. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2002;12:169\u201377.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"1957_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.05.046","volume":"20","author":"R Adolphs","year":"2010","unstructured":"Adolphs R. Emotion. Curr Biol. 2010;20:R549\u201352.","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"1957_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00830-9","volume":"35","author":"N Burgess","year":"2002","unstructured":"Burgess N, Maguire EA, O\u2019Keefe J. The human hippocampus and spatial and episodic memory. Neuron. 2002;35:625\u201341.","journal-title":"Neuron."},{"key":"1957_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2004.03.015","volume":"14","author":"EA Phelps","year":"2004","unstructured":"Phelps EA. Human emotion and memory: interactions of the amygdala and hippocampal complex. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2004;14:198\u2013202.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"1957_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2017.12.001","volume":"86","author":"M Antoniades","year":"2018","unstructured":"Antoniades M, Schoeler T, Radua J, Valli I, Allen P, Kempton MJ, et al. Verbal learning and hippocampal dysfunction in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2018;86:166\u201375.","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"1957_CR23","first-page":"283","volume":"77","author":"A Aleman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Aleman A, Kahn RS. Strange feelings: do amygdala abnormalities dysregulate the emotional brain in schizophrenia? Prog Neurobiol. 2005;77:283\u201398.","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"1957_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2015.03.024","volume":"165","author":"C Bois","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bois C, Levita L, Ripp I, Owens DC, Johnstone EC, Whalley HC, et al. Hippocampal, amygdala and nucleus accumbens volume in first-episode schizophrenia patients and individuals at high familial risk: a cross-sectional comparison. Schizophr Res. 2015;165:45\u201351.","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"1957_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2014.12.003","volume":"173","author":"C Bois","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bois C, Levita L, Ripp I, Owens DCG, Johnstone EC, Whalley HC, et al. Longitudinal changes in hippocampal volume in the Edinburgh High Risk Study of Schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2016;173:146\u201351.","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"1957_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12323-9","volume":"361","author":"C Pantelis","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pantelis C, Velakoulis D, McGorry PD, Wood SJ, Suckling J, Phillips LJ, et al. Neuroanatomical abnormalities before and after onset of psychosis: a cross-sectional and longitudinal MRI comparison. Lancet. 2003;361:281\u20138.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"1957_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2012.10.013","volume":"142","author":"A Walter","year":"2012","unstructured":"Walter A, Studerus E, Smieskova R, Kuster P, Aston J, Lang UE, et al. Hippocampal volume in subjects at high risk of psychosis: a longitudinal MRI study. Schizophr Res. 2012;142:217\u201322.","journal-title":"Schizophr Res."},{"key":"1957_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.090013","volume":"35","author":"H Witthaus","year":"2010","unstructured":"Witthaus H, Mendes U, Brune M, Ozgurdal S, Bohner G, Gudlowski Y, et al. Hippocampal subdivision and amygdalar volumes in patients in an at-risk mental state for schizophrenia. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2010;35:33\u201340.","journal-title":"J Psychiatry Neurosci"},{"key":"1957_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbm149","volume":"34","author":"SJ Wood","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wood SJ, Pantelis C, Velakoulis D, Yucel M, Fornito A, McGorry PD. Progressive changes in the development toward schizophrenia: studies in subjects at increased symptomatic risk. Schizophr Bull. 2008;34:322\u20139.","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"1957_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.63.2.139","volume":"63","author":"D Velakoulis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Velakoulis D, Wood SJ, Wong MT, McGorry PD, Yung A, Phillips L, et al. Hippocampal and amygdala volumes according to psychosis stage and diagnosis: a magnetic resonance imaging study of chronic schizophrenia, first-episode psychosis, and ultra-high-risk individuals. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006;63:139\u201349.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"1957_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mamah D, Barch DM, Csemansky JG. Neuromorphometric measures as endophenotypes of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. In: M. S. Ritsner (Ed.), The handbook of neuropsychiatric biomarkers, endophenotypes and genes, Vol. 2. Neuroanatomical and neuroimaging endophenotypes and biomarkers. Springer Science + Business Media. 2009. pp. 87\u2013122.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4020-9831-4_5"},{"key":"1957_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116122.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116122","volume":"204","author":"AM Fish","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fish AM, Nadig A, Seidlitz J, Reardon PK, Mankiw C, McDermott CL, et al. Sex-biased trajectories of amygdalo-hippocampal morphology change over human development. Neuroimage. 2020;204:116122.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"1957_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1316911111","volume":"111","author":"A Raznahan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Raznahan A, Shaw PW, Lerch JP, Clasen LS, Greenstein D, Berman R, et al. Longitudinal four-dimensional mapping of subcortical anatomy in human development. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2014;111:1592\u20137.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"1957_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1992.01820080032005","volume":"49","author":"RL Spitzer","year":"1992","unstructured":"Spitzer RL, Williams JB, Gibbon M, First MB. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID). I: History, rationale, and description. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1992;49:624\u20139.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"1957_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199707000-00021","volume":"36","author":"J Kaufman","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kaufman J, Birmaher B, Brent D, Rao U, Flynn C, Moreci P, et al. Schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children-present and lifetime version (K-SADS-PL): initial reliability and validity data. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;36:980\u20138.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"1957_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Keshavan M, Montrose DM, Rajarethinam R, Diwadkar V, Prasad K, Sweeney JA. Psychopathology amongoffspring of parents with schizophrenia: relationship to premorbid impairments. Schizophr Res. 2008;103:114-120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.schres.2008.03.006.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2008.03.006"},{"key":"1957_CR37","unstructured":"Wechsler D, De Lemos MM. Wechsler adult intelligence scale-revised. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich; 1981."},{"key":"1957_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.02.003","volume":"74","author":"JL Winterburn","year":"2013","unstructured":"Winterburn JL, Pruessner JC, Chavez S, Schira MM, Lobaugh NJ, Voineskos AN, et al. A novel in vivo atlas of human hippocampal subfields using high-resolution 3 T magnetic resonance imaging. Neuroimage 2013;74:254\u201365.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"1957_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2635","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22092","volume":"34","author":"MM Chakravarty","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chakravarty MM, Steadman P, van Eede MC, Calcott RD, Gu V, Shaw P, et al. Performing label-fusion-based segmentation using multiple automatically generated templates. Hum Brain Mapp. 2013;34:2635\u201354.","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"1957_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.03.037","volume":"95","author":"MT Park","year":"2014","unstructured":"Park MT, Pipitone J, Baer LH, Winterburn JL, Shah Y, Chavez S, et al. Derivation of high-resolution MRI atlases of the human cerebellum at 3T and segmentation using multiple automatically generated templates. Neuroimage 2014;95:217\u201331.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"1957_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.04.054","volume":"101","author":"J Pipitone","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pipitone J, Park MT, Winterburn J, Lett TA, Lerch JP, Pruessner JC, et al. Multi-atlas segmentation of the whole hippocampus and subfields using multiple automatically generated templates. Neuroimage 2014;101:494\u2013512.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"1957_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2002.806283","volume":"21","author":"AP Zijdenbos","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zijdenbos AP, Forghani R, Evans AC. Automatic \u201cpipeline\u201d analysis of 3-D MRI data for clinical trials: application to multiple sclerosis. IEEE Trans Med Imaging. 2002;21:1280\u201391.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"key":"1957_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-199803000-00032","volume":"22","author":"CJ Holmes","year":"1998","unstructured":"Holmes CJ, Hoge R, Collins L, Woods R, Toga AW, Evans AC. Enhancement of MR images using registration for signal averaging. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1998;22:324\u201333.","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Tomogr."},{"key":"1957_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.56.1.123","volume":"56","author":"DC Delis","year":"1988","unstructured":"Delis DC, Freeland J, Kramer JH, Kaplan E. Integrating clinical assessment with cognitive neuroscience: construct validation of the California Verbal Learning Test. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988;56:123\u201330.","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"1957_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1097\/00001504-200403000-00003","volume":"17","author":"CGB Kohler","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kohler CGB, A. R. Recognition of facial emotions in schizophrenia. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2004;17:81\u20136.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"key":"1957_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1080\/00031305.1997.10474409","volume":"51","author":"CH Morrell","year":"1997","unstructured":"Morrell CH, Pearson JD, Brant LJ. Linear transformations of linear mixed-effects models. Am Statistician. 1997;51:338\u201343.","journal-title":"Am Statistician"},{"key":"1957_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.12.036","volume":"25","author":"JG Csernansky","year":"2005","unstructured":"Csernansky JG, Wang L, Swank J, Miller JP, Gado M, McKeel D, et al. Preclinical detection of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: hippocampal shape and volume predict dementia onset in the elderly. Neuroimage. 2005;25:783\u201392.","journal-title":"Neuroimage."},{"key":"1957_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2132","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20655","volume":"30","author":"MI Miller","year":"2009","unstructured":"Miller MI, Priebe CE, Qiu A, Fischl B, Kolasny A, Brown T, et al. Collaborative computational anatomy: an MRI morphometry study of the human brain via diffeomorphic metric mapping. Hum Brain Mapp. 2009;30:2132\u201341.","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"1957_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1837","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001837","volume":"3","author":"Z Zhao","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhao Z, Taylor WD, Styner M, Steffens DC, Krishnan KR, MacFall JR. Hippocampus shape analysis and late-life depression. PLoS ONE. 2008;3:e1837.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1957_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12323-9","volume":"361","author":"C Pantelis","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pantelis C, Velakoulis D, McGorry PD, Wood SJ, Suckling J, Phillips LJ, et al. Neuroanatomical abnormalities before and after onset of psychosis: a cross-sectional and longitudinal MRI comparison. Lancet. 2003;361:281\u2013288.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1957_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.01.006","volume":"25","author":"DE Job","year":"2005","unstructured":"Job DE, Whalley HC, Johnstone EC, Lawrie SM. Grey matter changes over time in high risk subjects developing schizophrenia. Neuroimage. 2005;25:1023\u20131030.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"1957_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2012.11.005","volume":"143","author":"A Comparelli","year":"2013","unstructured":"Comparelli A, Corigliano V, De Carolis A, Mancinelli I, Trovini G, Ottavi G, et al. Emotion recognition impairment is present early and is stable throughout the course of schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2013;143:65\u20139.","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"1957_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-7358(02)00130-7","volume":"22","author":"J Edwards","year":"2002","unstructured":"Edwards J, Jackson HJ, Pattison PE. Emotion recognition via facial expression and affective prosody in schizophrenia: a methodological review. Clin Psychol Rev. 2002;22:789\u2013832.","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"1957_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbr015","volume":"38","author":"GP Amminger","year":"2012","unstructured":"Amminger GP, Schafer MR, Papageorgiou K, Klier CM, Schlogelhofer M, Mossaheb N, et al. Emotion recognition in individuals at clinical high-risk for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 2012;38:1030\u20139.","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"1957_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2014.12.010","volume":"161","author":"KA Allott","year":"2015","unstructured":"Allott KA, Rice S, Bartholomeusz CF, Klier C, Schlogelhofer M, Schafer MR, et al. Emotion recognition in unaffected first-degree relatives of individuals with first-episode schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2015;161:322\u20138.","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"1957_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbp026","volume":"36","author":"SM Eack","year":"2010","unstructured":"Eack SM, Mermon DE, Montrose DM, Miewald J, Gur RE, Gur RC, et al. Social cognition deficits among individuals at familial high risk for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 2010;36:1081\u20138.","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"1957_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2959","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715000902","volume":"45","author":"CM Corcoran","year":"2015","unstructured":"Corcoran CM, Keilp JG, Kayser J, Klim C, Butler PD, Bruder GE, et al. Emotion recognition deficits as predictors of transition in individuals at clinical high risk for schizophrenia: a neurodevelopmental perspective. Psychol Med. 2015;45:2959\u201373.","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"1957_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2014.03.022","volume":"76","author":"R Gur","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gur R, Tendler A, Wagner S. Long-term social recognition memory is mediated by oxytocin-dependent synaptic plasticity in the medial amygdala. Biol Psychiatry. 2014;76:377\u201386.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"1957_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.02.056","volume":"133","author":"S Hrybouski","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hrybouski S, Aghamohammadi-Sereshki A, Madan CR, Shafer AT, Baron CA, Seres P, et al. Amygdala subnuclei response and connectivity during emotional processing. Neuroimage. 2016;133:98\u2013110.","journal-title":"Neuroimage."},{"key":"1957_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2017.168","volume":"7","author":"C Makowski","year":"2017","unstructured":"Makowski C, Bodnar M, Shenker JJ, Malla AK, Joober R, Chakravarty MM, et al. Linking persistent negative symptoms to amygdala-hippocampus structure in first-episode psychosis. Transl Psychiatry. 2017;7:e1195.","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"1957_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2010.07.023","volume":"123","author":"T Barbour","year":"2010","unstructured":"Barbour T, Murphy E, Pruitt P, Eickhoff SB, Keshavan MS, Rajan U, et al. Reduced intra-amygdala activity to positively valenced faces in adolescent schizophrenia offspring. Schizophr Res. 2010;123:126\u201336.","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"1957_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2006.08.075","volume":"144","author":"S Bennur","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bennur S, Shankaranarayana Rao BS, Pawlak R, Strickland S, McEwen BS, Chattarji S. Stress-induced spine loss in the medial amygdala is mediated by tissue-plasminogen activator. Neuroscience 2007;144:8\u201316.","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"1957_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.pbr.2015.03.003","volume":"219","author":"JP Aggleton","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aggleton JP, Christiansen K. The subiculum: the heart of the extended hippocampal system. Prog Brain Res. 2015;219:65\u201382.","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"key":"1957_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2016.09.038","volume":"317","author":"AR Zammit","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zammit AR, Ezzati A, Zimmerman ME, Lipton RB, Lipton ML, Katz MJ. Roles of hippocampal subfields in verbal and visual episodic memory. Behav Brain Res. 2017;317:157\u201362.","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"key":"1957_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2013.10.002","volume":"151","author":"AN Francis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Francis AN, Seidman LJ, Tandon N, Shenton ME, Thermenos HW, Mesholam-Gately RI, et al. Reduced subicular subdivisions of the hippocampal formation and verbal declarative memory impairments in young relatives at risk for schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2013;151:154\u20137.","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"}],"container-title":["Translational Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41398-022-01957-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41398-022-01957-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41398-022-01957-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,24]],"date-time":"2024-09-24T19:18:27Z","timestamp":1727205507000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41398-022-01957-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,13]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1957"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41398-022-01957-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2158-3188"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2158-3188","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 December 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 April 2022","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 April 2022","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 May 2022","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All authors have reviewed and given final approval to the manuscript and declare no conflict of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"202"}}