{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T19:12:52Z","timestamp":1790363572406,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728086400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transl Psychiatry"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-024-03121-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T17:01:36Z","timestamp":1728147696000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Genetic and clinical correlates of two neuroanatomical AI dimensions in the Alzheimer\u2019s disease continuum"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2077-3070","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junhao","family":"Wen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhijian","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2346-7562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilya M.","family":"Nasrallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhan","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6633-4861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guray","family":"Erus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dhivya","family":"Srinivasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Abdulkadir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Mamourian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gyujoon","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashish","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Bergman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7127-3258","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingxuan","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erdem","family":"Varol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleix","family":"Boquet-Pujadas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur W.","family":"Toga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1376-8532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Saykin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3377-7014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timothy J.","family":"Hohman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul M.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Villeneuve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9434-4044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Randy","family":"Gollub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0795-8820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aristeidis","family":"Sotiras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4383-5043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katharina","family":"Wittfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans J.","family":"Grabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8644-7724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duygu","family":"Tosun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5042-7422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Murat","family":"Bilgel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel S.","family":"Marcus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"LaMontagne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tammie L.","family":"Benzinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan R.","family":"Heckbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas R.","family":"Austin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3238-7612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lenore J.","family":"Launer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Espeland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin L.","family":"Masters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Maruff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jurgen","family":"Fripp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8501-545X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sterling C.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John C.","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilyn S.","family":"Albert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Nick","family":"Bryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1115-7145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan M.","family":"Resnick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6273-1613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"Ferrucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9447-5805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamad","family":"Habes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Wolk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5443-0503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haochang","family":"Shou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1025-8561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christos","family":"Davatzikos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"3121_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-200134","volume":"76","author":"H Guthrie","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guthrie H, Honig LS, Lin H, Sink KM, Blondeau K, Quartino A, et al. Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of crenezumab in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer\u2019s disease treated with escalating doses for up to 133 weeks. J Alzheimers Dis. 2020;76:967\u201379.","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"3121_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1038\/nature19323","volume":"537","author":"J Sevigny","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sevigny J, Chiao P, Bussi\u00e8re T, Weinreb PH, Williams L, Maier M, et al. The antibody aducanumab reduces A\u03b2 plaques in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nature. 2016;537:50\u20136.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"3121_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-018-0013-z","volume":"14","author":"EE Congdon","year":"2018","unstructured":"Congdon EE, Sigurdsson EM. Tau-targeting therapies for Alzheimer disease. Nat Rev Neurol. 2018;14:399\u2013415.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"3121_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1072994","volume":"297","author":"J Hardy","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hardy J, Selkoe DJ. The amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: progress and problems on the road to therapeutics. Science. 2002;297:353\u20136.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"3121_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-021-00077-9","volume":"1","author":"G Brinkmalm","year":"2021","unstructured":"Brinkmalm G, Zetterberg H. The phosphorylation cascade hypothesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nat Aging. 2021;1:498\u20139.","journal-title":"Nat Aging"},{"key":"3121_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-018-0107-y","volume":"7","author":"X Du","year":"2018","unstructured":"Du X, Wang X, Geng M. Alzheimer\u2019s disease hypothesis and related therapies. Transl Neurodegener. 2018;7:2.","journal-title":"Transl Neurodegener"},{"key":"3121_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70291-0","volume":"12","author":"CR Jack","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jack CR, Knopman DS, Jagust WJ, Petersen RC, Weiner MW, Aisen PS, et al. Tracking pathophysiological processes in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: an updated hypothetical model of dynamic biomarkers. Lancet Neurol. 2013;12:207\u201316.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"3121_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-021-00533-w","volume":"23","author":"GB Frisoni","year":"2022","unstructured":"Frisoni GB, Altomare D, Thal DR, Ribaldi F, van der Kant R, Ossenkoppele R, et al. The probabilistic model of Alzheimer disease: the amyloid hypothesis revised. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2022;23:53\u201366.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"3121_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-018-05719-4","volume":"559","author":"S Makin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Makin S. The amyloid hypothesis on trial. Nature. 2018;559:S4\u20137.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"3121_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4017","volume":"18","author":"K Herrup","year":"2015","unstructured":"Herrup K. The case for rejecting the amyloid cascade hypothesis. Nat Neurosci. 2015;18:794\u20139.","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"3121_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1038\/s44161-021-00014-4","volume":"1","author":"G Barisano","year":"2022","unstructured":"Barisano G, Montagne A, Kisler K, Schneider JA, Wardlaw JM, Zlokovic BV. Blood\u2013brain barrier link to human cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nat Cardiovasc Res. 2022;1:108\u201315.","journal-title":"Nat Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"3121_CR12","first-page":"1005","volume":"12","author":"T Wyss-Coray","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wyss-Coray T. Inflammation in Alzheimer disease: driving force, bystander or beneficial response? Nat Med. 2006;12:1005\u201315.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"3121_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)70016-5","volume":"14","author":"MT Heneka","year":"2015","unstructured":"Heneka MT, Carson MJ, El Khoury J, Landreth GE, Brosseron F, Feinstein DL, et al. Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease. Lancet Neurol. 2015;14:388\u2013405.","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"3121_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-020-00435-y","volume":"17","author":"F Leng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Leng F, Edison P. Neuroinflammation and microglial activation in Alzheimer disease: where do we go from here? Nat Rev Neurol. 2021;17:157\u201372.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"3121_CR15","unstructured":"Dean DW. Neuroendocrine theory of aging: chapter 1. 2012. https:\/\/warddeanmd.com\/articles\/neuroendocrine-theory-of-aging-chapter-1\/."},{"key":"3121_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2015.03.009","volume":"72","author":"AV Schally","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schally AV. Endocrine approaches to treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and other neurological conditions: part I: some recollections of my association with Dr. Abba Kastin: a tale of successful collaboration. Peptides. 2015;72:154\u201363.","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"3121_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04463-0","volume":"603","author":"J Xiong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xiong J, Kang SS, Wang Z, Liu X, Kuo T-C, Korkmaz F, et al. FSH blockade improves cognition in mice with Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nature. 2022;603:470\u20136.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"3121_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2016.02.002","volume":"12","author":"B Dubois","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dubois B, Hampel H, Feldman HH, Scheltens P, Aisen P, Andrieu S, et al. Preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease: definition, natural history, and diagnostic criteria. Alzheimers Dement. 2016;12:292\u2013323.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"3121_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01614-0","volume":"28","author":"P Rajpurkar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rajpurkar P, Chen E, Banerjee O, Topol EJ. AI in health and medicine. Nat Med. 2022;28:31\u20138.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"3121_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2020.101694","volume":"63","author":"J Wen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wen J, Thibeau-Sutre E, Diaz-Melo M, Samper-Gonz\u00e1lez J, Routier A, Bottani S, et al. Convolutional neural networks for classification of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: overview and reproducible evaluation. Med Image Anal. 2020;63:101694.","journal-title":"Med Image Anal"},{"key":"3121_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2010.8","volume":"15","author":"K Kendler","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kendler K, Neale M. Endophenotype: a conceptual analysis. Mol Psychiatry. 2010;15:789\u201397.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"3121_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26703-z","volume":"12","author":"Z Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang Z, Nasrallah IM, Shou H, Wen J, Doshi J, Habes M, et al. A deep learning framework identifies dimensional representations of Alzheimer\u2019s disease from brain structure. Nat Commun. 2021;12:7065.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"3121_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2021.102304","volume":"75","author":"J Wen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wen J, Varol E, Sotiras A, Yang Z, Chand GB, Erus G, et al. Multi-scale semi-supervised clustering of brain images: deriving disease subtypes. Med Image Anal. 2021;75:102304.","journal-title":"Med Image Anal"},{"key":"3121_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05892-0","volume":"9","author":"AL Young","year":"2018","unstructured":"Young AL, The Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), Young AL, Marinescu RV, Oxtoby NP, Bocchetta M, et al. Uncovering the heterogeneity and temporal complexity of neurodegenerative diseases with Subtype and Stage Inference. Nat Commun. 2018;9:4273.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"3121_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang X, Mormino EC, Sun N, Sperling RA, Sabuncu MR, Yeo BTT, et al. Bayesian model reveals latent atrophy factors with dissociable cognitive trajectories in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2016;113:E6535\u201344.","DOI":"10.1101\/064295"},{"key":"3121_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01309-6","volume":"27","author":"JW Vogel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vogel JW, Young AL, Oxtoby NP, Smith R, Ossenkoppele R, Strandberg OT, et al. Four distinct trajectories of tau deposition identified in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nat Med. 2021;27:871\u201381.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"3121_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2802","volume":"45","author":"J-C Lambert","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lambert J-C, Ibrahim-Verbaas CA, Harold D, Naj AC, Sims R, Bellenguez C, et al. Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nat Genet. 2013;45:1452\u20138.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"3121_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-022-01024-z","volume":"54","author":"C Bellenguez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bellenguez C, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckali F, Jansen IE, Kleineidam L, Moreno-Grau S, Amin N, et al. New insights into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and related dementias. Nat Genet. 2022;54:412\u201336.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"3121_CR29","unstructured":"Yang Z, Wen J, Davatzikos C. Surreal-GAN: semi-supervised representation learning via GAN for uncovering heterogeneous disease-related imaging patterns. ICLR. 2021. https:\/\/openreview.net\/forum?id=nf3A0WZsXS5."},{"key":"3121_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181cb3e25","volume":"74","author":"RC Petersen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Petersen RC, Aisen PS, Beckett LA, Donohue MC, Gamst AC, Harvey DJ, et al. Alzheimer\u2019s disease neuroimaging initiative (ADNI): clinical characterization. Neurology. 2010;74:201\u20139.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"3121_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0579-z","volume":"562","author":"C Bycroft","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bycroft C, Freeman C, Petkova D, Band G, Elliott LT, Sharp K, et al. The UK Biobank resource with deep phenotyping and genomic data. Nature. 2018;562:203\u20139.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"3121_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/10.5.464","volume":"10","author":"SM Resnick","year":"2000","unstructured":"Resnick SM, Goldszal AF, Davatzikos C, Golski S, Kraut MA, Metter EJ, et al. One-year age changes in MRI brain volumes in older adults. Cereb Cortex. 2000;10:464\u201372.","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"3121_CR33","first-page":"236","volume":"3","author":"JCS Breitner","year":"2016","unstructured":"Breitner JCS, Poirier J, Etienne PE, Leoutsakos JM. Rationale and structure for a new center for studies on prevention of Alzheimer\u2019s disease (StoP-AD). J Prev Alzheimers Dis. 2016;3:236\u201342.","journal-title":"J Prev Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"3121_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12178","volume":"17","author":"M Habes","year":"2021","unstructured":"Habes M, Pomponio R, Shou H, Doshi J, Mamourian E, Erus G, et al. The brain chart of aging: machine-learning analytics reveals links between brain aging, white matter disease, amyloid burden, and cognition in the iSTAGING consortium of 10,216 harmonized MR scans. Alzheimers Dement. 2021;17:89\u2013102.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"3121_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2010.2046908","volume":"29","author":"NJ Tustison","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tustison NJ, Avants BB, Cook PA, Zheng Y, Egan A, Yushkevich PA, et al. N4ITK: improved N3 bias correction. IEEE Trans Med Imaging. 2010;29:1310\u201320.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"key":"3121_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.11.073","volume":"127","author":"J Doshi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Doshi J, Erus G, Ou Y, Resnick SM, Gur RC, Gur RE, et al. MUSE: MUlti-atlas region Segmentation utilizing Ensembles of registration algorithms and parameters, and locally optimal atlas selection. Neuroimage. 2016;127:186\u201395.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"3121_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116450","volume":"208","author":"R Pomponio","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pomponio R, Erus G, Habes M, Doshi J, Srinivasan D, Mamourian E, et al. Harmonization of large MRI datasets for the analysis of brain imaging patterns throughout the lifespan. Neuroimage. 2020;208:116450.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"3121_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E6535","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1611073113","volume":"113","author":"X Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang X, Mormino EC, Sun N, Sperling RA, Sabuncu MR, Yeo BTT, et al. Bayesian model reveals latent atrophy factors with dissociable cognitive trajectories in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2016;113:E6535\u201344.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"3121_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009058","volume":"94","author":"D Ferreira","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ferreira D, Nordberg A, Westman E. Biological subtypes of Alzheimer disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurology. 2020;94:436\u201348.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"3121_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wen J, Varol E, Yang Z, Hwang G, Dwyer D, Kazerooni AF, et al. Subtyping brain diseases from imaging data. In: Colliot O, editor. Machine learning for brain disorders. New York, NY: Springer; 2023. pp. 491\u2013510.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-3195-9_16"},{"key":"3121_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2026","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp091","volume":"132","author":"C Davatzikos","year":"2009","unstructured":"Davatzikos C, Xu F, An Y, Fan Y, Resnick SM. Longitudinal progression of Alzheimer\u2019s-like patterns of atrophy in normal older adults: the SPARE-AD index. Brain. 2009;132:2026\u201335.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"3121_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2312","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa160","volume":"143","author":"VM Bashyam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bashyam VM, Erus G, Doshi J, Habes M, Nasrallah IM, Truelove-Hill M, et al. MRI signatures of brain age and disease over the lifespan based on a deep brain network and 14\u2009468 individuals worldwide. Brain. 2020;143:2312\u201324.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"3121_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2300842120","volume":"120","author":"J Wen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wen J, Nasrallah IM, Abdulkadir A, Satterthwaite TD, Yang Z, Erus G, et al. Genomic loci influence patterns of structural covariance in the human brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2023;120:e2300842120.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"3121_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wen J, Fu CHY, Tosun D, Veturi Y, Yang Z, Abdulkadir A, et al. Characterizing heterogeneity in neuroimaging, cognition, clinical symptoms, and genetics among patients with late-life depression. JAMA Psychiatry. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2022.0020.","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2022.0020"},{"key":"3121_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-46796-6","volume":"15","author":"J Wen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wen J, Zhao B, Yang Z, Erus G, Skampardoni I, Mamourian E, et al. The genetic architecture of multimodal human brain age. Nat Commun. 2024;15:2604.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"3121_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wen J, Tian YE, Skampardoni I, Yang Z, Cui Y, Anagnostakis F, et al. The genetic architecture of biological age in nine human organ systems. Nat Aging. 2024:1\u201318.","DOI":"10.1101\/2023.06.08.23291168"},{"key":"3121_CR47","unstructured":"Wen J. Multiorgan biological age shows that no organ system is an island. Nat Aging. 2024;1\u20132."},{"key":"3121_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E4579","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1602743113","volume":"113","author":"J Yang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yang J, Lee SH, Wray NR, Goddard ME, Visscher PM. GCTA-GREML accounts for linkage disequilibrium when estimating genetic variance from genome-wide SNPs. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2016;113:E4579\u201380.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"3121_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-019-0516-6","volume":"51","author":"B Zhao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhao B, Pediatric Imaging, Neurocognition and Genetics, Zhao B, Luo T, Li T, Li Y, et al. Genome-wide association analysis of 19,629 individuals identifies variants influencing regional brain volumes and refines their genetic co-architecture with cognitive and mental health traits. Nat Genet. 2019;51:1637\u201344.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"3121_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2759","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-020-0353-1","volume":"15","author":"SW Choi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Choi SW, Mak TS-H, O\u2019Reilly PF. Tutorial: a guide to performing polygenic risk score analyses. Nat Protoc. 2020;15:2759\u201372.","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"3121_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2016.12.011","volume":"13","author":"E Moradi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Moradi E, Hallikainen I, H\u00e4nninen T, Tohka J. Rey\u2019s auditory verbal learning test scores can be predicted from whole brain MRI in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. NeuroImage Clin. 2017;13:415\u201327.","journal-title":"NeuroImage Clin"},{"key":"3121_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144130","volume":"27","author":"LR Squire","year":"2004","unstructured":"Squire LR, Stark CEL, Clark RE. The medial temporal lobe. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2004;27:279\u2013306.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"3121_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2015.10","volume":"11","author":"ND Prins","year":"2015","unstructured":"Prins ND, Scheltens P. White matter hyperintensities, cognitive impairment and dementia: an update. Nat Rev Neurol. 2015;11:157\u201365.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"3121_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.58.3.373","volume":"58","author":"N Andreasen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Andreasen N, Minthon L, Davidsson P, Vanmechelen E, Vanderstichele H, Winblad B, et al. Evaluation of CSF-tau and CSF-A\u03b242 as diagnostic markers for Alzheimer disease in clinical practice. Arch Neurol. 2001;58:373\u20139.","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"3121_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D1005","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky1120","volume":"47","author":"A Buniello","year":"2019","unstructured":"Buniello A, MacArthur JAL, Cerezo M, Harris LW, Hayhurst J, Malangone C, et al. The NHGRI-EBI GWAS Catalog of published genome-wide association studies, targeted arrays and summary statistics 2019. Nucleic Acids Res. 2019;47:D1005\u201312.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"3121_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3211","volume":"47","author":"BK Bulik-Sullivan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bulik-Sullivan BK, Bulik-Sullivan BK, Loh P-R, Finucane HK, Ripke S, Yang J, et al. LD score regression distinguishes confounding from polygenicity in genome-wide association studies. Nat Genet. 2015;47:291\u20135.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"3121_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-021-00954-4","volume":"53","author":"L Jiang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jiang L, Zheng Z, Fang H, Yang J. A generalized linear mixed model association tool for biobank-scale data. Nat Genet. 2021;53:1616\u201321.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"3121_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01261-5","volume":"8","author":"K Watanabe","year":"2017","unstructured":"Watanabe K, Taskesen E, van Bochoven A, Posthuma D. Functional mapping and annotation of genetic associations with FUMA. Nat Commun. 2017;8:1826.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"3121_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-020-0760-2","volume":"26","author":"C Lanni","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lanni C, Masi M, Racchi M, Govoni S. Cancer and Alzheimer\u2019s disease inverse relationship: an age-associated diverging derailment of shared pathways. Mol Psychiatry. 2021;26:280\u201395.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"3121_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2011-102034","volume":"27","author":"Y Fisher","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fisher Y, Nemirovsky A, Baron R, Monsonego A. Dendritic cells regulate amyloid-\u03b2-specific T-cell entry into the brain: the role of perivascular amyloid-\u03b2. J Alzheimers Dis. 2011;27:99\u2013111.","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"3121_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-018-0598-1","volume":"38","author":"V Brezovakova","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brezovakova V, Valachova B, Hanes J, Novak M, Jadhav S. Dendritic cells as an alternate approach for treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2018;38:1207\u201314.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"3121_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.116.238261","volume":"360","author":"D Kong","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kong D, Li J, Shen Y, Liu G, Zuo S, Tao B, et al. Niacin promotes cardiac healing after myocardial infarction through activation of the myeloid prostaglandin D2 receptor subtype 1. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2017;360:435\u201344.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"3121_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1097\/00019501-199604000-00009","volume":"7","author":"JR Crouse","year":"1996","unstructured":"Crouse JR. New developments in the use of niacin for treatment of hyperlipidemia: new considerations in the use of an old drug. Coron Artery Dis. 1996;7:321\u20136.","journal-title":"Coron Artery Dis"},{"key":"3121_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1177\/1074248410361337","volume":"15","author":"JK Duggal","year":"2010","unstructured":"Duggal JK, Singh M, Attri N, Singh PP, Ahmed N, Pahwa S, et al. Effect of niacin therapy on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 2010;15:158\u201366.","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"3121_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abl7634","volume":"14","author":"M Moutinho","year":"2022","unstructured":"Moutinho M, Puntambekar SS, Tsai AP, Coronel I, Lin PB, Casali BT, et al. The niacin receptor HCAR2 modulates microglial response and limits disease progression in a mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Sci Transl Med. 2022;14:eabl7634.","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"3121_CR66","first-page":"71","volume":"9","author":"J Yang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yang J, Yu Y, Liu W, Li Z, Wei Z, Jiang R. Microtubule-associated protein tau is associated with the resistance to docetaxel in prostate cancer cell lines. Res Rep Urol. 2017;9:71\u20137.","journal-title":"Res Rep Urol"},{"key":"3121_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-019-1427-1","volume":"38","author":"S Bernatz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bernatz S, Ilina EI, Devraj K, Harter PN, Mueller K, Kleber S, et al. Impact of Docetaxel on blood-brain barrier function and formation of breast cancer brain metastases. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2019;38:434.","journal-title":"J Exp Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"3121_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S198753","volume":"13","author":"W Shin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shin W, Lim KS, Kim M-K, Kim HS, Hong J, Jhee S, et al. A first-in-human study to investigate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of KM-819 (FAS-associated factor 1 inhibitor), a drug for Parkinson\u2019s disease, in healthy volunteers. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2019;13:1011\u201322.","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"key":"3121_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.1c00828","volume":"13","author":"B-S Kim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim B-S, Song J-A, Jang K-H, Jang T, Jung B, Yoo S-E, et al. Pharmacological intervention targeting FAF1 restores autophagic flux for \u03b1-synuclein degradation in the brain of a Parkinson\u2019s disease mouse model. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2022;13:806\u201317.","journal-title":"ACS Chem Neurosci"},{"key":"3121_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2013.09.010","volume":"1842","author":"RH Swerdlow","year":"2014","unstructured":"Swerdlow RH, Burns JM, Khan SM. The Alzheimer\u2019s disease mitochondrial cascade hypothesis: progress and perspectives. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014;1842:1219\u201331.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"3121_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd892","volume":"1","author":"AL Hopkins","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hopkins AL, Groom CR. The druggable genome. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2002;1:727\u201330.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"3121_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd.2018.168","volume":"18","author":"S Pushpakom","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pushpakom S, Iorio F, Eyers PA, Escott KJ, Hopper S, Wells A, et al. Drug repurposing: progress, challenges and recommendations. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2019;18:41\u201358.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"3121_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-161141","volume":"58","author":"C Jiang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jiang C, Li G, Huang P, Liu Z, Zhao B. The gut microbiota and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2017;58:1\u201315.","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"3121_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-019-0227-7","volume":"29","author":"D Seo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Seo D, Boros BD, Holtzman DM. The microbiome: a target for Alzheimer disease? Cell Res. 2019;29:779\u201380.","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"key":"3121_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3880","volume":"16","author":"FL Heppner","year":"2015","unstructured":"Heppner FL, Ransohoff RM, Becher B. Immune attack: the role of inflammation in Alzheimer disease. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2015;16:358\u201372.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"3121_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kinney JW, Bemiller SM, Murtishaw AS, Leisgang AM, Salazar AM, Lamb BT. Inflammation as a central mechanism in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimers Dement. 2018;4:575\u201390.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trci.2018.06.014"},{"key":"3121_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.2174\/1568010054022024","volume":"4","author":"N Fujiwara","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fujiwara N, Kobayashi K. Macrophages in inflammation. Curr Drug Targets Inflamm Allergy. 2005;4:281\u20136.","journal-title":"Curr Drug Targets Inflamm Allergy"},{"key":"3121_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2008.01.008","volume":"30","author":"D Laurin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Laurin D, David Curb J, Masaki KH, White LR, Launer LJ. Midlife C-reactive protein and risk of cognitive decline: a 31-year follow-up. Neurobiol Aging. 2009;30:1724\u20137.","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"3121_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.78","volume":"67","author":"M Thambisetty","year":"2010","unstructured":"Thambisetty M, Simmons A, Velayudhan L, Hye A, Campbell J, Zhang Y, et al. Association of plasma clusterin concentration with severity, pathology, and progression in Alzheimer disease. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010;67:739\u201348.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"3121_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2016.185","volume":"14","author":"N Ruparelia","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ruparelia N, Chai JT, Fisher EA, Choudhury RP. Inflammatory processes in cardiovascular disease: a route to targeted therapies. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2017;14:133\u201344.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"3121_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2013.29","volume":"9","author":"G Vitale","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vitale G, Salvioli S, Franceschi C. Oxidative stress and the ageing endocrine system. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2013;9:228\u201340.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"3121_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1220725","volume":"335","author":"WJ Strittmatter","year":"2012","unstructured":"Strittmatter WJ. Old drug, new hope for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Science. 2012;335:1447\u20138.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"3121_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1220725","volume":"335","author":"WJ Strittmatter","year":"2012","unstructured":"Strittmatter WJ. Medicine. Old drug, new hope for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Science. 2012;335:1447\u20138.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"3121_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2011-110887","volume":"27","author":"IA Clark","year":"2011","unstructured":"Clark IA, Atwood CS. Is TNF a link between aging-related reproductive endocrine dyscrasia and Alzheimer\u2019s disease? JAD. 2011;27:691\u20139.","journal-title":"JAD"},{"key":"3121_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2010.08.007","volume":"128","author":"IA Clark","year":"2010","unstructured":"Clark IA, Alleva LM, Vissel B. The roles of TNF in brain dysfunction and disease. Pharmacol Ther. 2010;128:519\u201348.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"3121_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-013-9479-7","volume":"14","author":"LA Demetrius","year":"2013","unstructured":"Demetrius LA, Driver J. Alzheimer\u2019s as a metabolic disease. Biogerontology. 2013;14:641\u20139.","journal-title":"Biogerontology"},{"key":"3121_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.02.018","volume":"14","author":"CR Jack","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jack CR, Bennett DA, Blennow K, Carrillo MC, Dunn B, Haeberlein SB, et al. NIA-AA research framework: toward a biological definition of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimers Dement. 2018;14:535\u201362.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"3121_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.08.005","volume":"186","author":"V Gazestani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gazestani V, Kamath T, Nadaf NM, Dougalis A, Burris SJ, Rooney B, et al. Early Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathology in human cortex involves transient cell states. Cell. 2023;186:4438\u201353.e23.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"3121_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.08.040","volume":"186","author":"X Xiong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xiong X, James BT, Boix CA, Park YP, Galani K, Victor MB, et al. Epigenomic dissection of Alzheimer\u2019s disease pinpoints causal variants and reveals epigenome erosion. Cell. 2023;186:4422\u201337.e21.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"3121_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.08.037","volume":"186","author":"N Sun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun N, Victor MB, Park YP, Xiong X, Scannail AN, Leary N, et al. Human microglial state dynamics in Alzheimer\u2019s disease progression. Cell. 2023;186:4386\u2013403.e29.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"3121_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.08.038","volume":"186","author":"V Dileep","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dileep V, Boix CA, Mathys H, Marco A, Welch GM, Meharena HS, et al. Neuronal DNA double-strand breaks lead to genome structural variations and 3D genome disruption in neurodegeneration. Cell. 2023;186:4404\u201321.e20.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"3121_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.08.039","volume":"186","author":"H Mathys","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mathys H, Peng Z, Boix CA, Victor MB, Leary N, Babu S, et al. Single-cell atlas reveals correlates of high cognitive function, dementia, and resilience to Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathology. Cell. 2023;186:4365\u201385.e27.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"3121_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2023.09.001","volume":"186","author":"W Luo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Luo W, Qu W, Gan L. The AD odyssey 2023: tales of single cell. Cell. 2023;186:4257\u20139.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"3121_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12789","volume":"19","author":"DF Weaver","year":"2023","unstructured":"Weaver DF. Alzheimer\u2019s disease as an innate autoimmune disease (AD2): a new molecular paradigm. Alzheimers Dement. 2023;19:1086\u201398.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"3121_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr260","volume":"27","author":"A Liberzon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Liberzon A, Subramanian A, Pinchback R, Thorvaldsd\u00f3ttir H, Tamayo P, Mesirov JP. Molecular signatures database (MSigDB) 3.0. Bioinformatics. 2011;27:1739\u201340.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"3121_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D1074","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx1037","volume":"46","author":"DS Wishart","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wishart DS, Feunang YD, Guo AC, Lo EJ, Marcu A, Grant JR, et al. DrugBank 5.0: a major update to the DrugBank database for 2018. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018;46:D1074\u201382.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"3121_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D1398","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkab953","volume":"50","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Lian X, Li F, Wang C, Zhu F, et al. Therapeutic target database update 2022: facilitating drug discovery with enriched comparative data of targeted agents. Nucleic Acids Res. 2022;50:D1398\u2013407.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"}],"container-title":["Translational Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41398-024-03121-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41398-024-03121-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41398-024-03121-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T18:04:43Z","timestamp":1728151483000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41398-024-03121-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]]},"references-count":97,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3121"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41398-024-03121-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2158-3188"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2158-3188","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 June 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 September 2024","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 September 2024","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 October 2024","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"DW served as Site PI for studies by Biogen, Merck, and Eli Lilly\/Avid. He has received consulting fees from GE Healthcare and Neuronix. He is on the DSMB for a trial sponsored by Functional Neuromodulation. AJS receives support from NIH (P30 AG010133, P30 AG072976, R01 AG019771, R01 AG057739, U01 AG024904, R01 LM013463, R01 AG068193, T32 AG071444, and U01 AG068057 and U01 AG072177). He has also received support from Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, a subsidiary of Eli Lilly (in-kind contribution of PET tracer precursor); Bayer Oncology (Scientific Advisory Board); Eisai (Scientific Advisory Board); Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc. (Dementia Advisory Board); Springer-Nature Publishing (Editorial Office Support as Editor-in-Chief, Brain Imaging, and Behavior). ME receives support from multiple NIH grants, the Alzheimer\u2019s Association, and the Alzheimer\u2019s Therapeutic Research Institute. HJG has received travel grants and speaker honoraria from Fresenius Medical Care, Neuraxpharm, Servier, and Janssen Cilag, as well as research funding from Fresenius Medical Care. HJG had personal contracts approved by the university administration for speaker honoraria and one IIT with Fresenius Medical Care. All other authors report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"We confirm that all statistical and machine learning methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. Participants provided written informed consent to the corresponding studies. The protocols of this study were approved by the University of Pennsylvania institutional review board. This study did not involve identifiable images from human research participants. The UKBB study has ethical approval, and the ethics committee is detailed here:\n                      \n                      .","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}}],"article-number":"420"}}