{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T12:23:38Z","timestamp":1777983818780,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transl Psychiatry"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-026-03858-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T14:00:06Z","timestamp":1773151206000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multimodal EEG\u2013fNIRS classification as a clinical tool for bipolar disorder diagnosis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7261-7364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I.","family":"Tahir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Planat-Chr\u00e9tien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Bertrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Linder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Dond\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8582-349X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"Sosnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Polosan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"3858_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2009.00709.x","volume":"11","author":"S Gershon","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gershon S, Chengappa KR, Malhi GS. Lithium specificity in bipolar illness: a classic agent for the classic disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2009;11:34\u201344.","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"key":"3858_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291718001186","volume":"49","author":"P Roux","year":"2019","unstructured":"Roux P, Etain B, Cannavo A-S, Aubin V, Aouizerate B, Azorin J-M, et al. Prevalence and determinants of cognitive impairment in the euthymic phase of bipolar disorders: results from the FACE-BD cohort. Psychol Med. 2019;49:519\u201327.","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"3858_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2012.10.030","volume":"146","author":"L Mercer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mercer L, Becerra R. A unique emotional processing profile of euthymic bipolar disorder? A critical review. J Affect Disord. 2013;146:295\u2013309.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"3858_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2011.01808.x","volume":"125","author":"C Samam\u00e9","year":"2012","unstructured":"Samam\u00e9 C, Martino DJ, Strejilevich SA. Social cognition in euthymic bipolar disorder: systematic review and meta-analytic approach. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2012;125:266\u201380.","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"3858_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2008.65","volume":"13","author":"ML Phillips","year":"2008","unstructured":"Phillips ML, Ladouceur C, Drevets WC. A neural model of voluntary and automatic emotion regulation: Implications for understanding the pathophysiology and neurodevelopment of bipolar disorder. Mol Psychiatry. 2008;13:833\u201357.829.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"3858_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.04.054","volume":"165","author":"P Favre","year":"2014","unstructured":"Favre P, Baciu M, Pichat C, Bougerol T, Polosan M. fMRI evidence for abnormal resting-state functional connectivity in euthymic bipolar patients. J Affect Disord. 2014;165:182\u20139.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"3858_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2012.06.030","volume":"73","author":"JD Townsend","year":"2013","unstructured":"Townsend JD, Torrisi SJ, Lieberman MD, Sugar CA, Bookheimer SY, Altshuler LL. Frontal-Amygdala connectivity alterations during emotion downregulation in bipolar I disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2013;73:127\u201335.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"3858_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e101398","DOI":"10.1136\/gpsych-2023-101398","volume":"37","author":"Y Wu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wu Y, Su Y-A, Zhu L, Li J, Si T. Advances in functional MRI research in bipolar disorder: from the perspective of mood states. Gen Psych. 2024;37:e101398.","journal-title":"Gen Psych"},{"key":"3858_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2017.11.006","volume":"59","author":"IMM Lima","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lima IMM, Peckham AD, Johnson SL. Cognitive deficits in bipolar disorders: Implications for emotion. Clin Psychol Rev. 2018;59:126\u201336.","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"3858_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4002010","volume":"12","author":"J Houenou","year":"2007","unstructured":"Houenou J, Wessa M, Douaud G, Leboyer M, Chanraud S, Perrin M, et al. Increased white matter connectivity in euthymic bipolar patients: diffusion tensor tractography between the subgenual cingulate and the amygdalo-hippocampal complex. Mol Psychiatry. 2007;12:1001\u201310.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"3858_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2013.03.016","volume":"2","author":"M Barysheva","year":"2013","unstructured":"Barysheva M, Jahanshad N, Foland-Ross L, Altshuler LL, Thompson PM. White matter microstructural abnormalities in bipolar disorder: A whole brain diffusion tensor imaging study. NeuroImage: Clinical. 2013;2:558\u201368.","journal-title":"NeuroImage: Clinical"},{"key":"3858_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.25098","volume":"43","author":"CRK Ching","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ching CRK, Hibar DP, Gurholt TP, Nunes A, Thomopoulos SI, Ab\u00e9 C, et al. What we learn about bipolar disorder from large-scale neuroimaging: Findings and future directions from the ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group. Hum Brain Mapp. 2022;43:56\u201382.","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"3858_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1177\/1094428116658959","volume":"22","author":"V Quaresima","year":"2019","unstructured":"Quaresima V, Ferrari M. Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) for assessing cerebral cortex function during human behavior in natural\/social situations: A concise review. Organ Res Methods. 2019;22:46\u201368.","journal-title":"Organ Res Methods"},{"key":"3858_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5865","DOI":"10.3390\/s22155865","volume":"22","author":"R Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li R, Yang D, Fang F, Hong K-S, Reiss AL, Zhang Y. Concurrent fNIRS and EEG for brain function investigation: A systematic, methodology-focused review. Sensors. 2022;22:5865.","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"3858_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2025.1504575","volume":"19","author":"CE Millett","year":"2025","unstructured":"Millett CE, Monir F, Sanelli P. The role of blood\u2013brain barrier dysfunction in cognitive impairments in bipolar disorder\u2014a narrative review. Front Hum Neurosci. 2025;19:1504575.","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"3858_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trambaiolli LR, Cassani R, Falk TH EEG spectro-temporal amplitude modulation as a measurement of cortical hemodynamics: an EEG\u2013fNIRS study. In: 2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine & Biology Society (EMBC). 2020, pp 3481-4.","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC44109.2020.9175409"},{"key":"3858_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2023.106968","volume":"160","author":"J Lin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lin J, Lu J, Shu Z, Yu N, Han J. An EEG\u2013fNIRS neurovascular coupling analysis method to investigate cognitive-motor interference. Comput Biol Med. 2023;160:106968.","journal-title":"Comput Biol Med"},{"key":"3858_CR18","unstructured":"Kopf J Emotion processing and working memory deficits in Bipolar Disorder: interactions and changes from acute to remitted state. 2018."},{"key":"3858_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.08.075","volume":"340","author":"A Pouchon","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pouchon A, Vinckier F, Dond\u00e9 C, Gueguen MC, Polosan M, Bastin J. Reward and punishment learning deficits among bipolar disorder subtypes. J Affect Disord. 2023;340:694\u2013702.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"3858_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867415617657","volume":"49","author":"GS Malhi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Malhi GS, Bassett D, Boyce P, Bryant R, Fitzgerald PB, Fritz K, et al. Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for mood disorders. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2015;49:1087\u2013206.","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"key":"3858_CR21","first-page":"28","volume":"4","author":"J Busner","year":"2007","unstructured":"Busner J, Targum SD. The clinical global impressions scale: applying a research tool in clinical practice. Psychiatry. 2007;4:28\u201337.","journal-title":"Psychiatry"},{"key":"3858_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.106.032532","volume":"192","author":"JBW Williams","year":"2008","unstructured":"Williams JBW, Kobak KA. Development and reliability of a structured interview guide for the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (SIGMA). Br J Psychiatry. 2008;192:52\u201358.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"3858_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.133.5.429","volume":"133","author":"RC Young","year":"1978","unstructured":"Young RC, Biggs JT, Ziegler VE, Meyer DA. A rating scale for mania: reliability, validity and sensitivity. Br J Psychiatry. 1978;133:429\u201335.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"3858_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2753.2010.01614.x","volume":"18","author":"EMV Grootenboer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Grootenboer EMV, Giltay EJ, van der Lem R, van Veen T, van der Wee NJA, Zitman FG. Reliability and validity of the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale in clinical outpatients with depressive disorders. J Eval Clin Pract. 2012;18:502\u20137.","journal-title":"J Eval Clin Pract"},{"key":"3858_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119970","volume":"391","author":"R Sosnik","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sosnik R, Bertrand A, Linder M, Polosan M. Event-related potential alterations in bipolar disorder subtypes and mood states: Insights from an emotional visual task. J Affect Disord. 2025;391:119970.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"3858_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3023","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2019.03023","volume":"10","author":"S Quan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Quan S, Wang Z, Liu Y. The emotional stroop effect is modulated by the biological salience and motivational intensity inherent in stimuli. Front Psychol. 2020;10:3023.","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"3858_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-016-0715-3","volume":"49","author":"B Kurdi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kurdi B, Lozano S, Banaji MR. Introducing the Open Affective Standardized Image Set (OASIS). Behav Res. 2017;49:457\u201370.","journal-title":"Behav Res"},{"key":"3858_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00214","volume":"9","author":"L Fu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fu L, Xiang D, Xiao J, Yao L, Wang Y, Xiao L, et al. Reduced prefrontal activation during the tower of london and verbal fluency task in patients with bipolar depression: A multi-channel NIRS study. Front Psychiatry. 2018;9:214.","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"3858_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"026026","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/ab0093","volume":"16","author":"L Gao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gao L, Cai Y, Wang H, Wang G, Zhang Q, Yan X. Probing prefrontal cortex hemodynamic alterations during facial emotion recognition for major depression disorder through functional near-infrared spectroscopy. J Neural Eng. 2019;16:026026.","journal-title":"J Neural Eng"},{"key":"3858_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1089\/cap.2020.0082","volume":"30","author":"AI Sonmez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sonmez AI, Lewis CP, Port JD, Cabello-Arreola A, Blacker CJ, Seewoo BJ, et al. Glutamatergic correlates of bipolar symptoms in adolescents. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2020;30:599\u2013605.","journal-title":"J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"3858_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.60.6.601","volume":"60","author":"HP Blumberg","year":"2003","unstructured":"Blumberg HP, Leung H-C, Skudlarski P, Lacadie CM, Fredericks CA, Harris BC, et al. A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of bipolar disorder: State- and trait-related dysfunction in ventral prefrontal cortices. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003;60:601\u20139.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"3858_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2019.2930186","volume":"67","author":"C-Y Chang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chang C-Y, Hsu S-H, Pion-Tonachini L, Jung T-P. Evaluation of artifact subspace reconstruction for automatic artifact components removal in multi-channel EEG recordings. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2020;67:1114\u201321.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"key":"3858_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.09.025","volume":"184","author":"FA Fishburn","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fishburn FA, Ludlum RS, Vaidya CJ, Medvedev AV. Temporal Derivative Distribution Repair (TDDR): A motion correction method for fNIRS. Neuroimage. 2019;184:171\u20139.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"3858_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"054032","DOI":"10.1117\/1.3253323","volume":"14","author":"J Virtanen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Virtanen J, Noponen T, Meril\u00e4inen P. Comparison of principal and independent component analysis in removing extracerebral interference from near-infrared spectroscopy signals. J Biomed Opt. 2009;14:054032.","journal-title":"J Biomed Opt"},{"key":"3858_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"N91","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/51\/5\/N02","volume":"51","author":"L Kocsis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kocsis L, Herman P, Eke A. The modified Beer\u2013Lambert law revisited. Phys Med Biol. 2006;51:N91.","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"3858_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13948","volume":"1464","author":"P Pinti","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pinti P, Tachtsidis I, Hamilton A, Hirsch J, Aichelburg C, Gilbert S, et al. The present and future use of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) for cognitive neuroscience. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2020;1464:5\u201329.","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"3858_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0325017","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0325017","volume":"20","author":"T Turay","year":"2025","unstructured":"Turay T, Korkmaz OE, Erg\u00fcn E. Simultaneous EEG\u2013fNIRS study of visual cognitive processing: ERP analysis and decision-related hemodynamic responses in healthy adults. PLoS ONE. 2025;20:e0325017.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3858_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.05.004","volume":"85","author":"F Scholkmann","year":"2014","unstructured":"Scholkmann F, Kleiser S, Metz AJ, Zimmermann R, Mata Pavia J, Wolf U, et al. A review on continuous wave functional near-infrared spectroscopy and imaging instrumentation and methodology. Neuroimage. 2014;85:6\u201327.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"3858_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0258177","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0258177","volume":"16","author":"KK Imbir","year":"2021","unstructured":"Imbir KK, Pastwa M, Duda-Go\u0142awska J, Sobieszek A, Jankowska M, Modzelewska A, et al. Electrophysiological correlates of interference control in the modified emotional Stroop task with emotional stimuli differing in valence, arousal, and subjective significance. PLoS ONE. 2021;16:e0258177.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"3858_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.3390\/neurosci6010020","volume":"6","author":"M Carminati","year":"2025","unstructured":"Carminati M, Isel F, Houenou J, Wessa M, Henry C. Impaired regulation of emotion in bipolar I disorder: behavioral and neurophysiological signatures. NeuroSci. 2025;6:20.","journal-title":"NeuroSci"},{"key":"3858_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.35248\/2167-1044.19.8.339","volume":"8","author":"Q Zhou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhou Q, Zhang LJ, Ying L, Chen J. Late positive potential in bipolar disorder reflecting emotional disorder: An event-related potential study. J Depress Anxiety. 2019;8:1\u20136.","journal-title":"J Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"3858_CR42","unstructured":"Theodoridis S, Koutroumbas K Pattern Recognition. Elsevier, 2006."},{"key":"3858_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2010.05.026","volume":"127","author":"J-X Liu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Liu J-X, Chen Y-S, Hsieh J-C, Su T-P, Yeh T-C, Chen L-F. Differences in white matter abnormalities between bipolar I and II disorders. J Affect Disord. 2010;127:309\u201315.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"3858_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.04.010","volume":"235","author":"Atag\u00fcn","year":"2018","unstructured":"Atag\u00fcn, M\u0130, \u015e\u0131ko\u011flu EM, Can SS, U\u011furlu GK, Kaymak SU, \u00c7ayk\u00f6yl\u00fc A, et al. Neurochemical differences between bipolar disorder type I and II in superior temporal cortices: A proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. J Affect Disord. 2018;235:15\u201319.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"3858_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.07.059","volume":"316","author":"G Delvecchio","year":"2022","unstructured":"Delvecchio G, Gritti D, Squarcina L, Brambilla P. Neurovascular alterations in bipolar disorder: A review of perfusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging studies. J Affect Disord. 2022;316:254\u201372.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"3858_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.87","volume":"68","author":"J Angst","year":"2011","unstructured":"Angst J, Azorin J-M, Bowden CL, Perugi G, Vieta E, Gamma A, et al. Prevalence and characteristics of undiagnosed bipolar disorders in patients with a major depressive episode: The BRIDGE study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2011;68:791\u20139.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"3858_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2016.72","volume":"22","author":"T Wise","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wise T, Radua J, Via E, Cardoner N, Abe O, Adams TM, et al. Common and distinct patterns of grey-matter volume alteration in major depression and bipolar disorder: evidence from voxel-based meta-analysis. Mol Psychiatry. 2017;22:1455\u201363.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"3858_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.04.098","volume":"85","author":"T Matsubara","year":"2014","unstructured":"Matsubara T, Matsuo K, Nakashima M, Nakano M, Harada K, Watanuki T, et al. Prefrontal activation in response to emotional words in patients with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder. Neuroimage. 2014;85:489\u201397.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"3858_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2012.01917.x","volume":"127","author":"N Drancourt","year":"2013","unstructured":"Drancourt N, Etain B, Lajnef M, Henry C, Raust A, Cochet B, et al. Duration of untreated bipolar disorder: missed opportunities on the long road to optimal treatment. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2013;127:136\u201344.","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"3858_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.946543","volume":"16","author":"M Mao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mao M, Chen G, Feng K, Xu D, Hua X, Shan C, et al. Characteristics of prefrontal activity during emotional and cognitive processing in patients with bipolar disorder: A multi-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. Front Neurosci. 2022;16:946543.","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"3858_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2022.11.091","volume":"323","author":"BX Tran","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tran BX, Nguyen TT, Nguyen HSA, Boyer L, Auquier P, Fond G, et al. Utility of portable functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in patients with bipolar and unipolar disorders: A comparison with healthy controls. J Affect Disord. 2023;323:581\u201391.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"3858_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.12.048","volume":"281","author":"K Feng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Feng K, Law S, Ravindran N, Chen G, Ma X, Bo X, et al. Differentiating between bipolar and unipolar depression using prefrontal activation patterns: Promising results from functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) findings. J Affect Disord. 2021;281:476\u201384.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"3858_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"025005","DOI":"10.1117\/1.NPh.2.2.025005","volume":"2","author":"S Brigadoi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brigadoi S, Cooper RJ. How short is short? Optimum source-detector distance for short-separation channels in functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Neurophotonics. 2015;2:025005.","journal-title":"Neurophotonics"},{"key":"3858_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"035009","DOI":"10.1117\/1.NPh.7.3.035009","volume":"7","author":"H Santosa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Santosa H, Zhai X, Fishburn F, Sparto PJ, Huppert TJ. Quantitative comparison of correction techniques for removing systemic physiological signal in functional near-infrared spectroscopy studies. Neurophotonics. 2020;7:035009.","journal-title":"Neurophotonics"}],"container-title":["Translational Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41398-026-03858-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41398-026-03858-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41398-026-03858-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T15:04:52Z","timestamp":1774969492000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41398-026-03858-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3858"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41398-026-03858-1","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-6768170\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2158-3188"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2158-3188","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 May 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 December 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 January 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 March 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the local ethics committee (CPP Sud Est II - 2021-A00290-41, France) and adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (NCT05025566). All participants were provided with study information, and written informed consent was obtained prior to participation.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}}],"article-number":"177"}}