{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T13:29:20Z","timestamp":1792589360757,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32200537"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32200537"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transl Psychiatry"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-026-03933-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T18:24:38Z","timestamp":1773858278000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Identification of plasma biomarkers in lipid metabolism for accurate prediction of Alzheimer\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longhao","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jixin","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qihao","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the ZIB Consortium","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianfeng","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunter","family":"Schumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianye","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Yi Zac","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuqiao","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianhong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shenxun","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jijun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dezhi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"He","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunshui","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Yong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deniz","family":"Vatansever","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingqi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4531-3970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xing-Ming","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"3933_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2011.2","volume":"7","author":"C Reitz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Reitz C, Brayne C, Mayeux R. Epidemiology of Alzheimer disease. Nat Rev Neurol. 2011;7:137\u201352.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"3933_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61349-9","volume":"377","author":"C Ballard","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ballard C, Gauthier S, Corbett A, Brayne C, Aarsland D, Jones E. Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Lancet. 2011;377:1019\u201331.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3933_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0909142","volume":"362","author":"HW Querfurth","year":"2010","unstructured":"Querfurth HW, LaFerla FM. Alzheimer\u2019s disease. N Engl J Med. 2010;362:329\u201344.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3933_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1072994","volume":"297","author":"J Hardy","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hardy J, Selkoe DJ. The amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: progress and problems on the road to therapeutics. science. 2002;297:353\u20136.","journal-title":"science"},{"key":"3933_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25410","volume":"85","author":"F Panza","year":"2019","unstructured":"Panza F, Lozupone M, Seripa D, Imbimbo BP. Amyloid-\u03b2 immunotherapy for alzheimer disease: Is it now a long shot?. Ann Neurol. 2019;85:303\u201315.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"3933_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-022-00292-3","volume":"11","author":"C Song","year":"2022","unstructured":"Song C, Shi J, Zhang P, Zhang Y, Xu J, Zhao L, et al. Immunotherapy for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Targeting \u03b2-amyloid and beyond. Transl neurodegeneration. 2022;11:18.","journal-title":"Transl neurodegeneration"},{"key":"3933_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2022.101619","volume":"77","author":"R Bai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bai R, Guo J, Ye X-Y, Xie Y, Xie T. Oxidative stress: the core pathogenesis and mechanism of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Ageing Res Rev. 2022;77:101619.","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"3933_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4439(00)00040-5","volume":"1502","author":"MA Smith","year":"2000","unstructured":"Smith MA, Rottkamp CA, Nunomura A, Raina AK, Perry G. Oxidative stress in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta -Molecular Basis Dis. 2000;1502:139\u201344.","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta -Molecular Basis Dis"},{"key":"3933_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2021.06.007","volume":"44","author":"A Guerrero","year":"2021","unstructured":"Guerrero A, De Strooper B, Arancibia-C\u00e1rcamo IL. Cellular senescence at the crossroads of inflammation and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Trends Neurosci. 2021;44:714\u201327.","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"3933_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2021.101317","volume":"68","author":"X-h Qian","year":"2021","unstructured":"Qian X-h, Song X-x, Liu X-l, Chen S-d, Tang H-d. Inflammatory pathways in Alzheimer\u2019s disease mediated by gut microbiota. Ageing Res Rev. 2021;68:101317.","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"3933_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-6147(94)90057-4","volume":"15","author":"P Eikelenboom","year":"1994","unstructured":"Eikelenboom P, Zhan S-S, van Gool WA, Allsop D. Inflammatory mechanisms in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 1994;15:447\u201350.","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"3933_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12683","volume":"19","author":"T Ashleigh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ashleigh T, Swerdlow RH, Beal MF. The role of mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer\u2019s disease pathogenesis. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. 2023;19:333\u201342.","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement"},{"key":"3933_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3489","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14585","volume":"176","author":"JM Perez Ortiz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Perez Ortiz JM, Swerdlow RH. Mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Role in pathogenesis and novel therapeutic opportunities. Br J pharmacology. 2019;176:3489\u2013507.","journal-title":"Br J pharmacology"},{"key":"3933_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2013.10.015","volume":"1842","author":"X Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang X, Wang W, Li L, Perry G, Lee H-g, Zhu X. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta -Molecular Basis Dis. 2014;1842:1240\u20137.","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta -Molecular Basis Dis"},{"key":"3933_CR15","first-page":"1","volume":"11","author":"V van der Velpen","year":"2019","unstructured":"van der Velpen V, Teav T, Gallart-Ayala H, Mehl F, Konz I, Clark C, et al. Systemic and central nervous system metabolic alterations in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimer\u2019s Res Ther. 2019;11:1\u201312.","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Res Ther"},{"key":"3933_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-19473-7","volume":"11","author":"K Huynh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huynh K, Lim WLF, Giles C, Jayawardana KS, Salim A, Mellett NA, et al. Concordant peripheral lipidome signatures in two large clinical studies of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nat Commun. 2020;11:5698.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"3933_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11306-021-01828-w","volume":"17","author":"P Reveglia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Reveglia P, Paolillo C, Ferretti G, De Carlo A, Angiolillo A, Nasso R, et al. Challenges in LC\u2013MS-based metabolomics for Alzheimer\u2019s disease early detection: Targeted approaches versus untargeted approaches. Metabolomics. 2021;17:78.","journal-title":"Metabolomics"},{"key":"3933_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2023.101987","volume":"89","author":"S Lista","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lista S, Gonz\u00e1lez-Dom\u00ednguez R, L\u00f3pez-Ortiz S, Gonz\u00e1lez-Dom\u00ednguez \u00c1, Men\u00e9ndez H, Mart\u00edn-Hern\u00e1ndez J, et al. Integrative metabolomics science in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: relevance and future perspectives. Ageing Res Rev. 2023;89:101987.","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"key":"3933_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00035.2018","volume":"99","author":"DS Wishart","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wishart DS. Metabolomics for investigating physiological and pathophysiological processes. Physiological Rev. 2019;99:1819\u201375.","journal-title":"Physiological Rev"},{"key":"3933_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.add6155","volume":"8","author":"DJ Panyard","year":"2022","unstructured":"Panyard DJ, Yu B, Snyder MP. The metabolomics of human aging: advances, challenges, and opportunities. Sci Adv. 2022;8:eadd6155.","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"key":"3933_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01362-2","volume":"11","author":"Y Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu Y, Thalamuthu A, Mather KA, Crawford J, Ulanova M, Wong MWK, et al. Plasma lipidome is dysregulated in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and is associated with disease risk genes. Transl psychiatry. 2021;11:344.","journal-title":"Transl psychiatry"},{"key":"3933_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2021.111264","volume":"147","author":"I Blasko","year":"2021","unstructured":"Blasko I, Defrancesco M, Oberacher H, Loacker L, Kemmler G, Marksteiner J, et al. Plasma phosphatidylcholines and vitamin B12\/folate levels are possible prognostic biomarkers for progression of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Exp Gerontology. 2021;147:111264.","journal-title":"Exp Gerontology"},{"key":"3933_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12714","volume":"19","author":"R Batra","year":"2023","unstructured":"Batra R, Arnold M, W\u00f6rheide MA, Allen M, Wang X, Blach C, et al. The landscape of metabolic brain alterations in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. 2023;19:980\u201398.","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement"},{"key":"3933_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12800","volume":"19","author":"BC Novotny","year":"2023","unstructured":"Novotny BC, Fernandez MV, Wang C, Budde JP, Bergmann K, Eteleeb AM, et al. Metabolomic and lipidomic signatures in autosomal dominant and late-onset Alzheimer\u2019s disease brains. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. 2023;19:1785\u201399.","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement"},{"key":"3933_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12675","volume":"19","author":"R Chang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chang R, Trushina E, Zhu K, Zaidi SSA, Lau BM, Kueider-Paisley A, et al. Predictive metabolic networks reveal sex-and APOE genotype-specific metabolic signatures and drivers for precision medicine in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. 2023;19:518\u201331.","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement"},{"key":"3933_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26464","volume":"92","author":"L Sun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sun L, Guo D, Jia Y, Shi M, Yang P, Wang Y, et al. Association between human blood metabolome and the risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Ann Neurol. 2022;92:756\u201367.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"3933_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-47897-y","volume":"15","author":"T Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen T, Pan F, Huang Q, Xie G, Chao X, Wu L, et al. Metabolic phenotyping reveals an emerging role of ammonia abnormality in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nat Commun. 2024;15:3796.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"3933_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3466","volume":"20","author":"M Mapstone","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mapstone M, Cheema AK, Fiandaca MS, Zhong X, Mhyre TR, MacArthur LH, et al. Plasma phospholipids identify antecedent memory impairment in older adults. Nat Med. 2014;20:415\u20138.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"3933_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12484","volume":"18","author":"L Jia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jia L, Yang J, Zhu M, Pang Y, Wang Q, Wei Q, et al. A metabolite panel that differentiates Alzheimer\u2019s disease from other dementia types. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. 2022;18:1345\u201356.","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement"},{"key":"3933_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-023-01379-3","volume":"16","author":"Y-X Qiang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qiang Y-X, You J, He X-Y, Guo Y, Deng Y-T, Gao P-Y, et al. Plasma metabolic profiles predict future dementia and dementia subtypes: a prospective analysis of 274,160 participants. Alzheimer\u2019s Res Ther. 2024;16:16.","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Res Ther"},{"key":"3933_CR31","first-page":"1","volume":"6","author":"D Li","year":"2017","unstructured":"Li D, Misialek JR, Boerwinkle E, Gottesman RF, Sharrett AR, Mosley TH, et al. Prospective associations of plasma phospholipids and mild cognitive impairment\/dementia among African Americans in the ARIC Neurocognitive Study. Alzheimer\u2019s Dementia: Diagnosis, Assess Dis Monit. 2017;6:1\u201310.","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dementia: Diagnosis, Assess Dis Monit"},{"key":"3933_CR32","first-page":"73","volume":"3","author":"D Li","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li D, Misialek JR, Boerwinkle E, Gottesman RF, Sharrett AR, Mosley TH, et al. Plasma phospholipids and prevalence of mild cognitive impairment and\/or dementia in the ARIC Neurocognitive Study (ARIC-NCS). Alzheimer\u2019s Dementia: Diagnosis, Assess Dis Monit. 2016;3:73\u201382.","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dementia: Diagnosis, Assess Dis Monit"},{"key":"3933_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2015.12.008","volume":"12","author":"R Casanova","year":"2016","unstructured":"Casanova R, Varma S, Simpson B, Kim M, An Y, Saldana S, et al. Blood metabolite markers of preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease in two longitudinally followed cohorts of older individuals. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. 2016;12:815\u201322.","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement"},{"key":"3933_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2023.106312","volume":"187","author":"M Botello-Marabotto","year":"2023","unstructured":"Botello-Marabotto M, Mart\u00ednez-Bisbal MC, Calero M, Bernardos A, Pastor AB, Medina M, et al. Non-invasive biomarkers for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurobiol Dis. 2023;187:106312.","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"3933_CR35","first-page":"263","volume":"7","author":"GM McKhann","year":"2011","unstructured":"McKhann GM, Knopman DS, Chertkow H, Hyman BT, Jack CR Jr, Kawas CH, et al. The diagnosis of dementia due to alzheimer\u2019s disease: recommendations from the national institute on aging-alzheimer\u2019s association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for alzheimer\u2019s disease. alzheimer\u2019s &. dementia. 2011;7:263\u20139.","journal-title":"dementia"},{"key":"3933_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-140276","volume":"42","author":"MW Bondi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bondi MW, Edmonds EC, Jak AJ, Clark LR, Delano-Wood L, McDonald CR, et al. Neuropsychological criteria for mild cognitive impairment improves diagnostic precision, biomarker associations, and progression rates. J Alzheimer\u2019s Dis. 2014;42:275\u201389.","journal-title":"J Alzheimer\u2019s Dis"},{"key":"3933_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2649","DOI":"10.1021\/pr5000895","volume":"13","author":"G Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang G, Zhou Y, Huang F-J, Tang H-D, Xu X-H, Liu J-J, et al. Plasma metabolite profiles of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and mild cognitive impairment. J Proteome Res. 2014;13:2649\u201358.","journal-title":"J Proteome Res"},{"key":"3933_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2022857118","volume":"118","author":"T Teruya","year":"2021","unstructured":"Teruya T, Chen Y-J, Fukuji Y, Kondoh H, Yanagida M. Whole-blood metabolomics of dementia patients reveal classes of disease-linked metabolites. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2021;118:e2022857118.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"3933_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2015.00004","volume":"2","author":"J Yang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yang J, Zhao X, Lu X, Lin X, Xu G. A data preprocessing strategy for metabolomics to reduce the mask effect in data analysis. Front Mol Biosci. 2015;2:4.","journal-title":"Front Mol Biosci"},{"key":"3933_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11306-016-1030-9","volume":"12","author":"R Di Guida","year":"2016","unstructured":"Di Guida R, Engel J, Allwood JW, Weber RJ, Jones MR, Sommer U, et al. Non-targeted UHPLC-MS metabolomic data processing methods: a comparative investigation of normalisation, missing value imputation, transformation and scaling. Metabolomics. 2016;12:1\u201314.","journal-title":"Metabolomics"},{"key":"3933_CR41","first-page":"2825","volume":"12","author":"F Pedregosa","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pedregosa F. Scikit-learn: Machine learning in python Fabian. J Mach Learn Res. 2011;12:2825.","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"3933_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W398","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkae253","volume":"52","author":"Z Pang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pang Z, Lu Y, Zhou G, Hui F, Xu L, Viau C, et al. MetaboAnalyst 6.0: towards a unified platform for metabolomics data processing, analysis and interpretation. Nucleic Acids Res. 2024;52:W398\u2013W406.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"3933_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.10.012","volume":"33","author":"Y Gong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gong Y, Ji P, Yang Y-S, Xie S, Yu T-J, Xiao Y, et al. Metabolic-pathway-based subtyping of triple-negative breast cancer reveals potential therapeutic targets. Cell Metab. 2021;33:51\u201364.e9.","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"3933_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-52262-0","volume":"15","author":"K Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang K, Wang P, Huang W, Tang S-H, Xue H, Wu H, et al. Integrated landscape of plasma metabolism and proteome of patients with post-traumatic deep vein thrombosis. Nat Commun. 2024;15:7831.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"3933_CR45","unstructured":"Hagberg A, Swart PJ, Schult DA Exploring network structure, dynamics, and function using NetworkX. Los Alamos, NM (United States), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL); 2008."},{"key":"3933_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e082967","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.082967","volume":"19","author":"B Marella","year":"2023","unstructured":"Marella B, Weinisch P, Huynh K, Risacher SL, Wilhelm M, Kaddurah-Daouk RF, et al. Sexual dimorphisms in longitudinal associations of the blood lipidome with cognitive decline in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. 2023;19:e082967.","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement"},{"key":"3933_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2151","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12538","volume":"18","author":"T Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang T, Huynh K, Giles C, Mellett NA, Duong T, Nguyen A, et al. APOE \u03b52 resilience for Alzheimer\u2019s disease is mediated by plasma lipid species: Analysis of three independent cohort studies. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. 2022;18:2151\u201366.","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement"},{"key":"3933_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12110","volume":"16","author":"MA Kling","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kling MA, Goodenowe DB, Senanayake V, MahmoudianDehkordi S, Arnold M, Massaro TJ, et al. Circulating ethanolamine plasmalogen indices in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Relation to diagnosis, cognition, and CSF tau. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. 2020;16:1234\u201347.","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement"},{"key":"3933_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.075977","volume":"19","author":"S Qi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Qi S, Yang L, Li X, Yin Z, Zhao H, Willa H, et al. Lipidomic dysfunction accompanied phosphatidylethanolamine deregulation is a potential detection biomarker and drug target for early Alzheimer\u2019s disease of obesity population. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. 2023;19:e075977.","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement"},{"key":"3933_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2288","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000207923","volume":"101","author":"Z Zhou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhou Z, Ryan J, Tonkin AM, Zoungas S, Lacaze P, Wolfe R, et al. Association between triglycerides and risk of dementia in community-dwelling older adults: a prospective cohort study. Neurology. 2023;101:e2288\u2013e99.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"3933_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2088","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009436","volume":"94","author":"MM Bernath","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bernath MM, Bhattacharyya S, Nho K, Barupal DK, Fiehn O, Baillie R, et al. Serum triglycerides in Alzheimer disease: relation to neuroimaging and CSF biomarkers. Neurology. 2020;94:e2088\u2013e98.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"3933_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1037\/neu0000335","volume":"31","author":"V Parthasarathy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Parthasarathy V, Frazier DT, Bettcher BM, Jastrzab L, Chao L, Reed B, et al. Triglycerides are negatively correlated with cognitive function in nondemented aging adults. Neuropsychology. 2017;31:682.","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"key":"3933_CR53","first-page":"1193","volume":"100","author":"RC Sims","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sims RC, Madhere S, Gordon S, Clark JrE, Abayomi KA, Callender CO, et al. Relationships among blood pressure, triglycerides and verbal learning in African Americans. J Natl Med Assoc. 2008;100:1193\u20138.","journal-title":"J Natl Med Assoc"},{"key":"3933_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2017.04.006","volume":"1859","author":"JN van der Veen","year":"2017","unstructured":"van der Veen JN, Kennelly JP, Wan S, Vance JE, Vance DE, Jacobs RL. The critical role of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine metabolism in health and disease. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta -Biomembranes. 2017;1859:1558\u201372.","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta -Biomembranes"},{"key":"3933_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3169","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2010.191585","volume":"588","author":"C Dart","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dart C. SYMPOSIUM REVIEW: Lipid microdomains and the regulation of ion channel function. J Physiol. 2010;588:3169\u201378.","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"3933_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biochem-060713-035324","volume":"83","author":"B Br\u00fcgger","year":"2014","unstructured":"Br\u00fcgger B. Lipidomics: analysis of the lipid composition of cells and subcellular organelles by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Annu Rev Biochem. 2014;83:79\u201398.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem"},{"key":"3933_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2620","DOI":"10.2337\/db13-0993","volume":"63","author":"JN van der Veen","year":"2014","unstructured":"van der Veen JN, Lingrell S, da Silva RP, Jacobs RL, Vance DE. The concentration of phosphatidylethanolamine in mitochondria can modulate ATP production and glucose metabolism in mice. Diabetes. 2014;63:2620\u201330.","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"3933_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/0968-0004(89)90086-8","volume":"14","author":"SL Pelech","year":"1989","unstructured":"Pelech SL, Vance DE. Signal transduction via phosphatidylcholine cycles. Trends Biochemical Sci. 1989;14:28\u201330.","journal-title":"Trends Biochemical Sci"},{"key":"3933_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2021.06.002","volume":"85","author":"N Tofighi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tofighi N, Asle-Rousta M, Rahnema M, Amini R. Protective effect of alpha-linoleic acid on A\u03b2-induced oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and memory impairment by alteration of \u03b17 nAChR and NMDAR gene expression in the hippocampus of rats. Neurotoxicology. 2021;85:245\u201353.","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"3933_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9030667","volume":"9","author":"W Ali","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ali W, Ikram M, Park HY, Jo MG, Ullah R, Ahmad S, et al. Oral administration of alpha linoleic acid rescues A\u03b2-induced glia-mediated neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction in C57BL\/6N mice. Cells. 2020;9:667.","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"3933_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2023.122356","volume":"337","author":"OY Kim","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kim OY, Song J. Important roles of linoleic acid and \u03b1-linolenic acid in regulating cognitive impairment and neuropsychiatric issues in metabolic-related dementia. Life Sci. 2024;337:122356.","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"3933_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5091","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14235091","volume":"14","author":"A Leikin-Frenkel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Leikin-Frenkel A, Schnaider Beeri M, Cooper I. How alpha linolenic acid may sustain blood\u2013brain barrier integrity and boost brain resilience against alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nutrients. 2022;14:5091.","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"3933_CR63","first-page":"3597","volume":"10","author":"DC Wijaya","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wijaya DC, Linawati NM. The role of alpha linolenic acid on neuroinflammation: a systemic review. J Penelit Pendidik IPA. 2024;10:3597\u2013604.","journal-title":"J Penelit Pendidik IPA"},{"key":"3933_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Thomas MH, Olivier JL Arachidonic acid in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Journal of Neurology & Neuromedicine. 2016;1.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29245\/2572.942X\/2016\/9.1086","DOI":"10.29245\/2572.942X\/2016\/9.1086"},{"key":"3933_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.2174\/1871527320666210512013648","volume":"21","author":"O Kursun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kursun O, Karatas H, Bariskaner H, Ozturk S. Arachidonic acid metabolites in neurologic disorders. CNS Neurological Disord-Drug Targets-CNS Neurological Disorders. 2022;21:150\u20139.","journal-title":"CNS Neurological Disord-Drug Targets-CNS Neurological Disorders"},{"key":"3933_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-003-0007-9","volume":"110","author":"C Mulder","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mulder C, Wahlund L-O, Teerlink T, Blomberg M, Veerhuis R, Van Kamp G, et al. Decreased lysophosphatidylcholine\/phosphatidylcholine ratio in cerebrospinal fluid in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J neural Transm. 2003;110:949\u201355.","journal-title":"J neural Transm"},{"key":"3933_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002266","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002266","volume":"14","author":"SG Snowden","year":"2017","unstructured":"Snowden SG, Ebshiana AA, Hye A, An Y, Pletnikova O, O\u2019Brien R, et al. Association between fatty acid metabolism in the brain and Alzheimer disease neuropathology and cognitive performance: a nontargeted metabolomic study. PLoS Med. 2017;14:e1002266.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"3933_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2020.0217","volume":"11","author":"Y Shao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shao Y, Ouyang Y, Li T, Liu X, Xu X, Li S, et al. Alteration of metabolic profile and potential biomarkers in the plasma of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Aging Dis. 2020;11:1459.","journal-title":"Aging Dis"},{"key":"3933_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-025-00803-6","volume":"20","author":"S He","year":"2025","unstructured":"He S, Xu Z, Han X. Lipidome disruption in Alzheimer\u2019s disease brain: detection, pathological mechanisms, and therapeutic implications. Mol Neurodegeneration. 2025;20:11.","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegeneration"},{"key":"3933_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Johnson JL, Johnson LA Homeostasis of lipid metabolism in disorders of the brain. 2022.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-819641-0.00146-8"},{"key":"3933_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2008.05.010","volume":"31","author":"X He","year":"2010","unstructured":"He X, Huang Y, Li B, Gong C-X, Schuchman EH. Deregulation of sphingolipid metabolism in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurobiol aging. 2010;31:398\u2013408.","journal-title":"Neurobiol aging"},{"key":"3933_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2591","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10102591","volume":"10","author":"S Akyol","year":"2021","unstructured":"Akyol S, Ugur Z, Yilmaz A, Ustun I, Gorti SKK, Oh K, et al. Lipid profiling of Alzheimer\u2019s disease brain highlights enrichment in glycerol (phospho) lipid, and sphingolipid metabolism. Cells. 2021;10:2591.","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"3933_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-022-04011-6","volume":"5","author":"P Baloni","year":"2022","unstructured":"Baloni P, Arnold M, Buitrago L, Nho K, Moreno H, Huynh K, et al. Multi-Omic analyses characterize the ceramide\/sphingomyelin pathway as a therapeutic target in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Commun Biol. 2022;5:1074.","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"3933_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3012","volume":"12","author":"G Di Paolo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Di Paolo G, Kim T-W. Linking lipids to Alzheimer\u2019s disease: cholesterol and beyond. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2011;12:284\u201396.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"3933_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.5.1671","volume":"89","author":"RM Nitsch","year":"1992","unstructured":"Nitsch RM, Blusztajn JK, Pittas AG, Slack BE, Growdon JH, Wurtman RJ. Evidence for a membrane defect in Alzheimer disease brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 1992;89:1671\u20135.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"3933_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1159\/000535131","volume":"9","author":"X Zhao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhao X, Zhang S, Sanders AR, Duan J. Brain lipids and lipid droplet dysregulation in alzheimer\u2019s disease and neuropsychiatric disorders. Complex Psychiatry. 2023;9:154\u201371.","journal-title":"Complex Psychiatry"},{"key":"3933_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.108572","volume":"34","author":"G Qi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Qi G, Mi Y, Shi X, Gu H, Brinton RD, Yin F. ApoE4 impairs neuron-astrocyte coupling of fatty acid metabolism. Cell Rep. 2021;34:108572.","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"3933_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07185-7","volume":"628","author":"MS Haney","year":"2024","unstructured":"Haney MS, P\u00e1lovics R, Munson CN, Long C, Johansson PK, Yip O, et al. APOE4\/4 is linked to damaging lipid droplets in Alzheimer\u2019s disease microglia. Nature. 2024;628:154\u201361.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"3933_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-019-0566-1","volume":"23","author":"J Marschallinger","year":"2020","unstructured":"Marschallinger J, Iram T, Zardeneta M, Lee SE, Lehallier B, Haney MS, et al. Lipid-droplet-accumulating microglia represent a dysfunctional and proinflammatory state in the aging brain. Nat Neurosci. 2020;23:194\u2013208.","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"3933_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12859-022-05068-0","volume":"23","author":"R Matsuta","year":"2022","unstructured":"Matsuta R, Yamamoto H, Tomita M, Saito R. iDMET: network-based approach for integrating differential analysis of cancer metabolomics. BMC Bioinforma. 2022;23:508.","journal-title":"BMC Bioinforma"},{"key":"3933_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1002\/mas.21562","volume":"37","author":"L Cui","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cui L, Lu H, Lee YH. Challenges and emergent solutions for LC-MS\/MS based untargeted metabolomics in diseases. Mass spectrometry Rev. 2018;37:772\u201392.","journal-title":"Mass spectrometry Rev"},{"key":"3933_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwz028","volume":"188","author":"B Yu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yu B, Zanetti KA, Temprosa M, Albanes D, Appel N, Barrera CB, et al. The Consortium of Metabolomics Studies (COMETS): metabolomics in 47 prospective cohort studies. Am J Epidemiol. 2019;188:991\u20131012.","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"3933_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-9726.2011.00760.x","volume":"11","author":"I Nesic","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nesic I, Guix FX, Vennekens KL, Michaki V, Van Veldhoven PP, Feiguin F, et al. Alterations in phosphatidylethanolamine levels affect the generation of A\u03b2. Aging Cell. 2012;11:63\u201372.","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"3933_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011603916962","volume":"26","author":"JW Pettegrew","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pettegrew JW, Panchalingam K, Hamilton RL, McClure RJ. Brain membrane phospholipid alterations in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurochem Res. 2001;26:771\u201382.","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"3933_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S167","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2010-1404","volume":"20","author":"MH Eskelinen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Eskelinen MH, Kivipelto M. Caffeine as a protective factor in dementia and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J Alzheimer\u2019s Dis. 2010;20:S167\u2013S74.","journal-title":"J Alzheimer\u2019s Dis"},{"key":"3933_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1003830","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003830","volume":"18","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Yang H, Li S, Li W-d, Wang Y. Consumption of coffee and tea and risk of developing stroke, dementia, and poststroke dementia: a cohort study in the UK Biobank. PLoS Med. 2021;18:e1003830.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"3933_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.12684","volume":"23","author":"M Kolahdouzan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kolahdouzan M, Hamadeh MJ. The neuroprotective effects of caffeine in neurodegenerative diseases. CNS Neurosci therapeutics. 2017;23:272\u201390.","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci therapeutics"},{"key":"3933_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-024-00997-x","volume":"6","author":"M Membrez","year":"2024","unstructured":"Membrez M, Migliavacca E, Christen S, Yaku K, Trieu J, Lee AK, et al. Trigonelline is an NAD+ precursor that improves muscle function during ageing and is reduced in human sarcopenia. Nat Metab. 2024;6:433\u201347.","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"key":"3933_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.09.001","volume":"30","author":"S Lautrup","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lautrup S, Sinclair DA, Mattson MP, Fang EF. NAD+ in brain aging and neurodegenerative disorders. Cell Metab. 2019;30:630\u201355.","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"3933_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2023.120812","volume":"453","author":"K Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang K, Theeke LA, Liao C, Wang N, Lu Y, Xiao D, et al. Deep learning analysis of UPLC-MS\/MS-based metabolomics data to predict Alzheimer\u2019s disease. J neurological Sci. 2023;453:120812.","journal-title":"J neurological Sci"},{"key":"3933_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-024-00795-y","volume":"10","author":"B Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang B, Zhu Y, Li K, Wang F, Liu B, Zhou Q, et al. Machine learning model base on metabolomics and proteomics to predict cognitive impairment in Parkinson\u2019s disease. npj Parkinson\u2019s Dis. 2024;10:187.","journal-title":"npj Parkinson\u2019s Dis"}],"container-title":["Translational Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41398-026-03933-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41398-026-03933-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41398-026-03933-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T15:04:50Z","timestamp":1774969490000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41398-026-03933-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"references-count":91,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3933"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41398-026-03933-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2158-3188"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2158-3188","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 January 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 March 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 March 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declair no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The procedures of this study were approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Sixth People\u2019s Hospital (approval number: 2019-032). All participants or their legal guardians provided written consent for research programs including this study. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent statement"}}],"article-number":"181"}}