{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:48:09Z","timestamp":1792784889804,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":207,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]],"date-time":"2026-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784419200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":87,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"1\u00b73\u00b75 project for disciplines of excellence, West China Hospital, Sichuan University","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/011ashp19","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82401769"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82401769"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04323m874","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transl Psychiatry"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-026-04154-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]],"date-time":"2026-07-19T08:34:13Z","timestamp":1784450053000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gut microbiota-driven metabolites modulate the development of stress-related mental disorders"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5561-5796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minlan","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fanglin","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingyu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayu","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3113-9577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"4154_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1007\/978-81-32-9705-0_9","volume":"1191","author":"MF Juruena","year":"2020","unstructured":"Juruena MF, Eror F, Cleare AJ, Young AH. The role of early life stress in HPA axis and anxiety. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020;1191:141\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-81-32-9705-0_9","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"4154_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01738-y","volume":"9","author":"L Cui","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cui L, Li S, Wang S, Wu X, Liu Y, Yu W, et al. Major depressive disorder: hypothesis, mechanism, prevention and treatment. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2024;9:30. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41392-024-01738-y","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"4154_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.57","volume":"1","author":"R Yehuda","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yehuda R, Hoge CW, McFarlane AC, Vermetten E, Lanius RA, Nievergelt CM, et al. Post-traumatic stress disorder. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2015;1:15057. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrdp.2015.57","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"4154_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2015.266","volume":"41","author":"JW Smoller","year":"2016","unstructured":"Smoller JW. The genetics of stress-related disorders: PTSD, depression, and anxiety disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2016;41:297\u2013319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/npp.2015.266","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"4154_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2355","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.5c00335","volume":"16","author":"SK Prajapati","year":"2025","unstructured":"Prajapati SK, Majumdar S, Murari S, MachhindraVadak K, Krishnamurthy S. Neurochemical, neurocircuitry, and psychopathological mechanisms of PTSD: emerging pharmacotherapies and clinical perspectives. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2025;16:2355\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acschemneuro.5c00335","journal-title":"ACS Chem Neurosci"},{"key":"4154_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/s2215-0366(24)00222-0","volume":"11","author":"P The Lancet","year":"2024","unstructured":"The Lancet P. Global burden of disease 2021: mental health messages. Lancet Psychiatry. 2024;11:573. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2215-0366(24)00222-0","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00395-3","volume":"9","author":"GBDMD Collaborators","year":"2022","unstructured":"Collaborators G. B. D. M. D. Global, regional, and national burden of 12 mental disorders in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Psychiatry. 2022;9:137\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00395-3.","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291724002319","volume":"54","author":"A Schincariol","year":"2024","unstructured":"Schincariol A, Orr\u00f9 G, Otgaar H, Sartori G, Scarpazza C. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) prevalence: an umbrella review. Psychol Med. 2024;54:1\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033291724002319","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"4154_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20771","volume":"19","author":"M Maj","year":"2020","unstructured":"Maj M, Stein DJ, Parker G, Zimmerman M, Fava GA, De Hert M, et al. The clinical characterization of the adult patient with depression aimed at personalization of management. World Psychiatry. 2020;19:269\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/wps.20771","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01413-6","volume":"27","author":"TD Nguyen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nguyen TD, Harder A, Xiong Y, Kowalec K, H\u00e4gg S, Cai N, et al. Genetic heterogeneity and subtypes of major depression. Mol Psychiatry. 2022;27:1667\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41380-021-01413-6","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2012.12091189","volume":"170","author":"R Freedman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Freedman R, Lewis DA, Michels R, Pine DS, Schultz SK, Tamminga CA, et al. The initial field trials of DSM-5: new blooms and old thorns. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2013;170:1\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.2012.12091189","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2021.0701","volume":"78","author":"KL Musliner","year":"2021","unstructured":"Musliner KL, Agerbo E, Vilhj\u00e1lmsson BJ, Albi\u00f1ana C, Als TD, \u00d8stergaard SD, et al. Polygenic liability and recurrence of depression in patients with first-onset depression treated in hospital-based settings. JAMA psychiatry. 2021;78:792\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2021.0701","journal-title":"JAMA psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.11.027","volume":"92","author":"H Palma-Gudiel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Palma-Gudiel H, Prather AA, Lin J, Oxendine JD, Guintivano J, Xia K, et al. HPA axis regulation and epigenetic programming of immune-related genes in chronically stressed and non-stressed mid-life women. Brain Behav Immun. 2021;92:49\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.11.027","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"4154_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2018.66","volume":"214","author":"SR Chamberlain","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chamberlain SR, Cavanagh J, de Boer P, Mondelli V, Jones DNC, Drevets WC, et al. Treatment-resistant depression and peripheral C-reactive protein. Br J Psychiatry. 2019;214:11\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1192\/bjp.2018.66","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2024.100849","volume":"41","author":"S Lawrence","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lawrence S, Scofield RH. Post traumatic stress disorder associated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation and physical illness. Brain Behav Immun Health. 2024;41:100849. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbih.2024.100849","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun Health"},{"key":"4154_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2021.20121776","volume":"178","author":"P Frank","year":"2021","unstructured":"Frank P, Jokela M, Batty GD, Cadar D, Steptoe A, Kivim\u00e4ki M. Association between systemic inflammation and individual symptoms of depression: a pooled analysis of 15 population-based cohort studies. Am J Psychiatry. 2021;178:1107\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.2021.20121776","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines14010035","volume":"14","author":"M Tanaka","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tanaka M. From monoamines to systems psychiatry: rewiring depression science and care (1960s-2025). Biomedicines. 2025;14:35 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines14010035","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"4154_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15101203","volume":"15","author":"Y Jiang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jiang Y, Zou D, Li Y, Gu S, Dong J, Ma X, et al. Monoamine neurotransmitters control basic emotions and affect major depressive disorders. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022;15:1203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ph15101203","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"key":"4154_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13020463","volume":"13","author":"A Sic","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sic A, Bogicevic M, Brezic N, Nemr C, Knezevic NN. Chronic stress and headaches: the role of the HPA axis and autonomic nervous system. Biomedicines. 2025;13:463. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biomedicines13020463","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"4154_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01519-z","volume":"8","author":"M Yuan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yuan M, Yang B, Rothschild G, Mann JJ, Sanford LD, Tang X, et al. Epigenetic regulation in major depression and other stress-related disorders: molecular mechanisms, clinical relevance and therapeutic potential. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2023;8:309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41392-023-01519-z","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"4154_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.857087","volume":"13","author":"L Cao-Lei","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cao-Lei L, Saumier D, Fortin J, Brunet A. A narrative review of the epigenetics of post-traumatic stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder treatment. Front Psychiatry. 2022;13:857087. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.857087","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-023-00729-2","volume":"24","author":"KL Chan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chan KL, Poller WC, Swirski FK, Russo SJ. Central regulation of stress-evoked peripheral immune responses. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2023;24:591\u2013604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41583-023-00729-2","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"4154_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2020.20060947","volume":"178","author":"MC Pitharouli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pitharouli MC, Hagenaars SP, Glanville KP, Coleman JRI, Hotopf M, Lewis CM, et al. Elevated C-reactive protein in patients with depression, independent of genetic, health, and psychosocial factors: results from the UK biobank. Am J Psychiatry. 2021;178:522\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.2020.20060947","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2025.118861","volume":"193","author":"T Taj","year":"2025","unstructured":"Taj T, Kaushik M, Islam A, Das J, Kumar B, Hussain MS, et al. Microbiota-brain interaction: The role of gut-derived proteins in addressing various neurological disorders including Parkinson\u2019s (PD) and Alzheimer\u2019s diseases (AD). Biomed Pharmacother. 2025;193:118861. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2025.118861","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"4154_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23031172","volume":"23","author":"K Suda","year":"2022","unstructured":"Suda K, Matsuda K. How microbes affect depression: underlying mechanisms via the gut-brain axis and the modulating role of probiotics. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23:1172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms23031172","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4154_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ynstr.2017.03.001","volume":"7","author":"JA Foster","year":"2017","unstructured":"Foster JA, Rinaman L, Cryan JF. Stress & the gut-brain axis: Regulation by the microbiome. Neurobiol Stress. 2017;7:124\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ynstr.2017.03.001","journal-title":"Neurobiol Stress"},{"key":"4154_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2020.109951","volume":"102","author":"B Misiak","year":"2020","unstructured":"Misiak B, \u0141oniewski I, Marlicz W, Frydecka D, Szulc A, Rudzki L, et al. The HPA axis dysregulation in severe mental illness: Can we shift the blame to gut microbiota?. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2020;102:109951. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2020.109951","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159x14666151208113006","volume":"14","author":"E Won","year":"2016","unstructured":"Won E, Kim YK. Stress, the autonomic nervous system, and the immune-kynurenine pathway in the etiology of depression. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2016;14:665\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1570159x14666151208113006","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"},{"key":"4154_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-122216-011613","volume":"71","author":"JS Cruz-Pereira","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cruz-Pereira JS, Rea K, Nolan YM, O\u2019Leary OF, Dinan TG, Cryan JF. Depression\u2019s unholy trinity: dysregulated stress, immunity, and the microbiome. Annu Rev Psychol. 2020;71:49\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-psych-122216-011613","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"key":"4154_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1541075","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2025.1541075","volume":"19","author":"AG Bertollo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bertollo AG, Santos CF, Bagatini MD, Ign\u00e1cio ZM. Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal and gut-brain axes in biological interaction pathway of the depression. Front Neurosci. 2025;19:1541075. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2025.1541075","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"4154_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1130689","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1130689","volume":"14","author":"JA Rusch","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rusch JA, Layden BT, Dugas LR. Signalling cognition: the gut microbiota and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023;14:1130689. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2023.1130689","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"4154_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaat5236","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aat5236","volume":"361","author":"MM Kaelberer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kaelberer MM, Buchanan KL, Klein ME, Barth BB, Montoya MM, Shen X, et al. A gut-brain neural circuit for nutrient sensory transduction. Science. 2018;361:eaat5236. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aat5236","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"4154_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1038\/s44220-025-00498-0","volume":"3","author":"S Kamath","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kamath S, Sokolenko E, Clark SR, Cross CB, Scott J, Wardill HR, et al. Distinguishing the causative, correlative and bidirectional roles of the gut microbiota in mental health. Nature Mental Health. 2025;3:1137\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s44220-025-00498-0","journal-title":"Nature Mental Health"},{"key":"4154_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.02.047","volume":"161","author":"JM Yano","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yano JM, Yu K, Donaldson GP, Shastri GG, Ann P, Ma L, et al. Indigenous bacteria from the gut microbiota regulate host serotonin biosynthesis. Cell. 2015;161:264\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2015.02.047","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"4154_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"glaf038","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glaf038","volume":"80","author":"SK Prajapati","year":"2025","unstructured":"Prajapati SK, Jain S, Yadav H. Age-related cognitive decline and dementia: interface of microbiome-immune-neuronal interactions. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2025;80:glaf038. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gerona\/glaf038","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"4154_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-018-1856-5","volume":"136","author":"C Pellegrini","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pellegrini C, Antonioli L, Colucci R, Blandizzi C, Fornai M. Interplay among gut microbiota, intestinal mucosal barrier and enteric neuro-immune system: a common path to neurodegenerative diseases?. Acta Neuropathol. 2018;136:345\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-018-1856-5","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"4154_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-023-01054-5","volume":"20","author":"D Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang D, Almanzar N, Chiu IM. The role of cellular and molecular neuroimmune crosstalk in gut immunity. Cell Mol Immunol. 2023;20:1259\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41423-023-01054-5","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"4154_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2020.101806","volume":"191","author":"C Pellegrini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pellegrini C, Antonioli L, Calderone V, Colucci R, Fornai M, Blandizzi C. Microbiota-gut-brain axis in health and disease: Is NLRP3 inflammasome at the crossroads of microbiota-gut-brain communications?. Prog Neurobiol. 2020;191:101806. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2020.101806","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"4154_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9969","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.120824","volume":"15","author":"S Zhu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhu S, Li X, Yu Y, Han X, Yang F, Lu M, et al. EZH2-mediated H3K27me3 links microbial inosine loss to depression: a gut-brain epigenetic switch. Theranostics. 2025;15:9969\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/thno.120824","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"4154_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26031160","volume":"26","author":"YK Hwang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hwang YK, Oh JS. Interaction of the vagus nerve and serotonin in the gut-brain axis. Int J Mol Sci. 2025;26:1160","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4154_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2015.07.010","volume":"79","author":"DB McKim","year":"2016","unstructured":"McKim DB, Patterson JM, Wohleb ES, Jarrett BL, Reader BF, Godbout JP, et al. Sympathetic release of splenic monocytes promotes recurring anxiety following repeated social defeat. Biol Psychiatry. 2016;79:803\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsych.2015.07.010","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3258","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15143258","volume":"15","author":"RG Xiong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xiong RG, Li J, Cheng J, Zhou DD, Wu SX, Huang SY, et al. The role of gut microbiota in anxiety, depression, and other mental disorders as well as the protective effects of dietary components. Nutrients. 2023;15:3258 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15143258","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"4154_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep43859","volume":"7","author":"IA Marin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marin IA, Goertz JE, Ren T, Rich SS, Onengut-Gumuscu S, Farber E, et al. Microbiota alteration is associated with the development of stress-induced despair behavior. Sci Rep. 2017;7:43859. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep43859","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4154_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2016.09.007","volume":"46","author":"TG Dinan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dinan TG, Cryan JF. The microbiome-gut-brain axis in health and disease. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2017;46:77\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.gtc.2016.09.007","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin North Am"},{"key":"4154_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2016.1182295","volume":"7","author":"HJ Flint","year":"2016","unstructured":"Flint HJ. Gut microbial metabolites in health and disease. Gut Microbes. 2016;7:187\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19490976.2016.1182295","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"4154_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-023-06413-8","volume":"240","author":"S Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang S, Cai Q, Xu L, Sun Y, Wang M, Wang Y, et al. Isoalantolactone relieves depression-like behaviors in mice after chronic social defeat stress via the gut-brain axis. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2023;240:1775\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00213-023-06413-8","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"4154_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-47273-w","volume":"15","author":"P Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu P, Liu Z, Wang J, Wang J, Gao M, Zhang Y, et al. Immunoregulatory role of the gut microbiota in inflammatory depression. Nat Commun. 2024;15:3003. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-024-47273-w","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"4154_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.3177\/jnsv.56.266","volume":"56","author":"S Sugiyama","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sugiyama S, Fushimi T, Kishi M, Irie S, Tsuji S, Hosokawa N, et al. Bioavailability of acetate from two vinegar supplements: capsule and drink. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2010;56:266\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3177\/jnsv.56.266","journal-title":"J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo)"},{"key":"4154_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2015.02.003","volume":"33","author":"L Shi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shi L, Tu BP. Acetyl-CoA and the regulation of metabolism: mechanisms and consequences. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2015;33:125\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ceb.2015.02.003","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cell Biol"},{"key":"4154_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-020-01038-3","volume":"10","author":"M Wu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wu M, Tian T, Mao Q, Zou T, Zhou CJ, Xie J, et al. Associations between disordered gut microbiota and changes of neurotransmitters and short-chain fatty acids in depressed mice. Transl Psychiatry. 2020;10:350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41398-020-01038-3","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.05.041","volume":"165","author":"A Koh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Koh A, De Vadder F, Kovatcheva-Datchary P, B\u00e4ckhed F. From dietary fiber to host physiology: short-chain fatty acids as key bacterial metabolites. Cell. 2016;165:1332\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2016.05.041","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"4154_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3344","volume":"12","author":"P Louis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Louis P, Hold GL, Flint HJ. The gut microbiota, bacterial metabolites and colorectal cancer. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2014;12:661\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrmicro3344","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"4154_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22082","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.117713","volume":"285","author":"FE Rey","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rey FE, Faith JJ, Bain J, Muehlbauer MJ, Stevens RD, Newgard CB, et al. Dissecting the in vivo metabolic potential of two human gut acetogens. J Biol Chem. 2010;285:22082\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M110.117713","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"4154_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00770","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00770-17","volume":"8","author":"C Belzer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Belzer C, Chia LW, Aalvink S, Chamlagain B, Piironen V, Knol J, et al. Microbial metabolic networks at the mucus layer lead to diet-independent butyrate and vitamin B(12) production by intestinal symbionts. mBio. 2017;8:e00770\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/mBio.00770-17","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"4154_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1017\/s0029665120006916","volume":"80","author":"C Martin-Gallausiaux","year":"2021","unstructured":"Martin-Gallausiaux C, Marinelli L, Blotti\u00e8re HM, Larraufie P, Lapaque N. SCFA: mechanisms and functional importance in the gut. Proc Nutr Soc. 2021;80:37\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0029665120006916","journal-title":"Proc Nutr Soc"},{"key":"4154_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4340","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.00137-06","volume":"188","author":"KP Scott","year":"2006","unstructured":"Scott KP, Martin JC, Campbell G, Mayer CD, Flint HJ. Whole-genome transcription profiling reveals genes up-regulated by growth on fucose in the human gut bacterium \u201cRoseburia inulinivorans. J Bacteriol. 2006;188:4340\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jb.00137-06","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"4154_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1654","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.66.4.1654-1661.2000","volume":"66","author":"A Barcenilla","year":"2000","unstructured":"Barcenilla A, Pryde SE, Martin JC, Duncan SH, Stewart CS, Henderson C, et al. Phylogenetic relationships of butyrate-producing bacteria from the human gut. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2000;66:1654\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aem.66.4.1654-1661.2000","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"4154_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2009.02066.x","volume":"12","author":"P Louis","year":"2010","unstructured":"Louis P, Young P, Holtrop G, Flint HJ. Diversity of human colonic butyrate-producing bacteria revealed by analysis of the butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase gene. Environ Microbiol. 2010;12:304\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2009.02066.x","journal-title":"Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"4154_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.13589","volume":"19","author":"P Louis","year":"2017","unstructured":"Louis P, Flint HJ. Formation of propionate and butyrate by the human colonic microbiota. Environ Microbiol. 2017;19:29\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1462-2920.13589","journal-title":"Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"4154_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-025-02159-1","volume":"10","author":"B Cui","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cui B, Luo H, He B, Liu X, Lv D, Zhang X, et al. Gut dysbiosis conveys psychological stress to activate LRP5\/\u03b2-catenin pathway promoting cancer stemness. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2025;10:79 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41392-025-02159-1","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"4154_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-021-01088-9","volume":"9","author":"H Zheng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zheng H, Xu P, Jiang Q, Xu Q, Zheng Y, Yan J, et al. Depletion of acetate-producing bacteria from the gut microbiota facilitates cognitive impairment through the gut-brain neural mechanism in diabetic mice. Microbiome. 2021;9:145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40168-021-01088-9","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"4154_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-021-02303-y","volume":"18","author":"H Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li H, Xiang Y, Zhu Z, Wang W, Jiang Z, Zhao M, et al. Rifaximin-mediated gut microbiota regulation modulates the function of microglia and protects against CUMS-induced depression-like behaviors in adolescent rat. J Neuroinflammation. 2021;18:254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-021-02303-y","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"4154_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4020","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13114020","volume":"13","author":"CS Johnston","year":"2021","unstructured":"Johnston CS, Jasbi P, Jin Y, Bauer S, Williams S, Fessler SN, et al. Daily vinegar ingestion improves depression scores and alters the metabolome in healthy adults: a randomized controlled trial. Nutrients. 2021;13:4020 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13114020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"4154_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17101696","volume":"17","author":"W Miao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Miao W, Wu X, Wang K, Wang W, Wang Y, Li Z, et al. Sodium butyrate promotes reassembly of tight junctions in caco-2 monolayers involving inhibition of MLCK\/MLC2 pathway and phosphorylation of PKC\u03b22. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;17:1696 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms17101696","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4154_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1530\/joe-16-0322","volume":"232","author":"W Dong","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dong W, Jia Y, Liu X, Zhang H, Li T, Huang W, et al. Sodium butyrate activates NRF2 to ameliorate diabetic nephropathy possibly via inhibition of HDAC. J Endocrinol. 2017;232:71\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/joe-16-0322","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"4154_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6586","DOI":"10.1039\/c8fo01768a","volume":"9","author":"B Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li B, Evivie SE, Lu J, Jiao Y, Wang C, Li Z, et al. Lactobacillus helveticus KLDS1.8701 alleviates d-galactose-induced aging by regulating Nrf-2 and gut microbiota in mice. Food & function. 2018;9:6586\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c8fo01768a","journal-title":"Food & function"},{"key":"4154_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2016.06.011","volume":"99","author":"RM Stilling","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stilling RM, van de Wouw M, Clarke G, Stanton C, Dinan TG, Cryan JF. The neuropharmacology of butyrate: The bread and butter of the microbiota-gut-brain axis?. Neurochem Int. 2016;99:110\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuint.2016.06.011","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"4154_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.3920\/bm2016.0142","volume":"8","author":"F Moens","year":"2017","unstructured":"Moens F, De Vuyst L. Inulin-type fructan degradation capacity of Clostridium cluster IV and XIVa butyrate-producing colon bacteria and their associated metabolic outcomes. Beneficial microbes. 2017;8:473\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3920\/bm2016.0142","journal-title":"Beneficial microbes"},{"key":"4154_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.11.011","volume":"11","author":"AJ Bilotta","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bilotta AJ, Ma C, Yang W, Yu Y, Yu Y, Zhao X, et al. Propionate enhances cell speed and persistence to promote intestinal epithelial turnover and repair. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;11:1023\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2020.11.011","journal-title":"Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"4154_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12721","volume":"504","author":"Y Furusawa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Furusawa Y, Obata Y, Fukuda S, Endo TA, Nakato G, Takahashi D, et al. Commensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells. Nature. 2013;504:446\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature12721","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"4154_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1241165","volume":"341","author":"PM Smith","year":"2013","unstructured":"Smith PM, Howitt MR, Panikov N, Michaud M, Gallini CA, Bohlooly YM, et al. The microbial metabolites, short-chain fatty acids, regulate colonic Treg cell homeostasis. Science. 2013;341:569\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1241165","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"4154_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2010.07.007","volume":"1801","author":"SH Al-Lahham","year":"2010","unstructured":"Al-Lahham SH, Peppelenbosch MP, Roelofsen H, Vonk RJ, Venema K. Biological effects of propionic acid in humans; metabolism, potential applications and underlying mechanisms. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010;1801:1175\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbalip.2010.07.007","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"4154_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2020.01.016","volume":"152","author":"W Guo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guo W, Liu J, Sun J, Gong Q, Ma H, Kan X, et al. Butyrate alleviates oxidative stress by regulating NRF2 nuclear accumulation and H3K9\/14 acetylation via GPR109A in bovine mammary epithelial cells and mammary glands. Free Radic Biol Med. 2020;152:728\u201342","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"4154_CR74","first-page":"5244","volume":"96","author":"LG Silva","year":"2018","unstructured":"Silva LG, Ferguson BS, Avila AS, Faciola AP. Sodium propionate and sodium butyrate effects on histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, histone acetylation, and inflammatory gene expression in bovine mammary epithelial cells. J Anim Sci. 2018;96:5244\u201352","journal-title":"J Anim Sci"},{"key":"4154_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo12010050","volume":"12","author":"MA Ortega","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ortega MA, Alvarez-Mon MA, Garc\u00eda-Montero C, Fraile-Martinez O, Guijarro LG, Lahera G, et al. Gut microbiota metabolites in major depressive disorder-deep insights into their pathophysiological role and potential translational applications. Metabolites. 2022;12:50 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/metabo12010050","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"4154_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.00025","volume":"11","author":"YP Silva","year":"2020","unstructured":"Silva YP, Bernardi A, Frozza RL. The role of short-chain fatty acids from gut microbiota in gut-brain communication. Front Endocrinol. 2020;11:25 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2020.00025","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"4154_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-024-03061-3","volume":"21","author":"X Yin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yin X, Duan C, Zhang L, Zhu Y, Qiu Y, Shi K, et al. Microbiota-derived acetate attenuates neuroinflammation in rostral ventrolateral medulla of spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Neuroinflammation. 2024;21:101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-024-03061-3","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"4154_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2024.114736","volume":"43","author":"W Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang W, Dernst A, Martin B, Lorenzi L, Cadefau-Fabregat M, Phulphagar K, et al. Butyrate and propionate are microbial danger signals that activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in human macrophages upon TLR stimulation. Cell Rep. 2024;43:114736. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2024.114736","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"4154_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2485s","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.7.2485S","volume":"133","author":"JR Davie","year":"2003","unstructured":"Davie JR. Inhibition of histone deacetylase activity by butyrate. J Nutr. 2003;133:2485s\u20132493s. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jn\/133.7.2485S","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"4154_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1926","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izy182","volume":"24","author":"L Zhou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhou L, Zhang M, Wang Y, Dorfman RG, Liu H, Yu T, et al. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii produces butyrate to maintain Th17\/treg balance and to ameliorate colorectal colitis by inhibiting histone deacetylase 1. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2018;24:1926\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ibd\/izy182","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"4154_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.2174\/1567202612666150728121121","volume":"12","author":"SS Valvassori","year":"2015","unstructured":"Valvassori SS, Resende WR, Budni J, Dal-Pont GC, Bavaresco DV, R\u00e9us GZ, et al. Sodium butyrate, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, reverses behavioral and mitochondrial alterations in animal models of depression induced by early- or late-life stress. Curr Neurovasc Res. 2015;12:312\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1567202612666150728121121","journal-title":"Curr Neurovasc Res"},{"key":"4154_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1088268","volume":"14","author":"S Yu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yu S, Wang L, Jing X, Wang Y, An C. Features of gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in patients with first-episode depression and their relationship with the clinical symptoms. Front Psychol. 2023;14:1088268. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1088268","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"4154_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-77085-z","volume":"10","author":"C Hao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hao C, Gao Z, Liu X, Rong Z, Jia J, Kang K, et al. Intravenous administration of sodium propionate induces antidepressant or prodepressant effect in a dose dependent manner. Sci Rep. 2020;10:19917. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-77085-z","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4154_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.05.001","volume":"74","author":"TG Dinan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dinan TG, Stanton C, Cryan JF. Psychobiotics: a novel class of psychotropic. Biol Psychiatry. 2013;74:720\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.05.001","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2601s","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.115.228643","volume":"146","author":"JD Fernstrom","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fernstrom JD. A perspective on the safety of supplemental tryptophan based on its metabolic fates. J Nutr. 2016;146:2601s\u20132608s. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/jn.115.228643","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"4154_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1403.003","volume":"1122","author":"GF Oxenkrug","year":"2007","unstructured":"Oxenkrug GF. Genetic and hormonal regulation of tryptophan kynurenine metabolism: implications for vascular cognitive impairment, major depressive disorder, and aging. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007;1122:35\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1196\/annals.1403.003","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"4154_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1080\/15622970701513764","volume":"10","author":"S Russo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Russo S, Kema IP, Bosker F, Haavik J, Korf J. Tryptophan as an evolutionarily conserved signal to brain serotonin: molecular evidence and psychiatric implications. The world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry. 2009;10:258\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15622970701513764","journal-title":"The world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4265","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-020-0645-4","volume":"26","author":"J Pu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pu J, Liu Y, Zhang H, Tian L, Gui S, Yu Y, et al. An integrated meta-analysis of peripheral blood metabolites and biological functions in major depressive disorder. Mol Psychiatry. 2021;26:4265\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41380-020-0645-4","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-020-00925-x","volume":"26","author":"W Marx","year":"2021","unstructured":"Marx W, Lane M, Hockey M, Aslam H, Berk M, Walder K, et al. Diet and depression: exploring the biological mechanisms of action. Mol Psychiatry. 2021;26:134\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41380-020-00925-x","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2895","DOI":"10.1039\/d3fo03897a","volume":"15","author":"L Jia","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jia L, Xiao L, Fu Y, Shao Z, Jing Z, Yuan J, et al. Neuroprotective effects of probiotics on anxiety- and depression-like disorders in stressed mice by modulating tryptophan metabolism and the gut microbiota. Food Funct. 2024;15:2895\u2013905. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d3fo03897a","journal-title":"Food Funct"},{"key":"4154_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2023.02.086","volume":"329","author":"S Cheng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cheng S, Zhu Z, Li H, Wang W, Jiang Z, Pan F, et al. Rifaximin ameliorates depression-like behaviour in chronic unpredictable mild stress rats by regulating intestinal microbiota and hippocampal tryptophan metabolism. J Affect Disord. 2023;329:30\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2023.02.086","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"4154_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2022.111289","volume":"157","author":"D Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang D, Wu J, Zhu P, Xie H, Lu L, Bai W, et al. Tryptophan-rich diet ameliorates chronic unpredictable mild stress induced depression- and anxiety-like behavior in mice: The potential involvement of gut-brain axis. Food Res Int. 2022;157:111289 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodres.2022.111289","journal-title":"Food Res Int"},{"key":"4154_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7100","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.3c07599","volume":"72","author":"J Shao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shao J, Qu L, Liu Y, Zhang J, Liu Y, Deng J, et al. Ginsenoside Rk3 regulates tryptophan metabolism along the brain-gut axis by targeting tryptophan hydroxylase and remodeling the intestinal microenvironment to alleviate depressive-like behavior in mice. J Agric Food Chem. 2024;72:7100\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.jafc.3c07599","journal-title":"J Agric Food Chem"},{"key":"4154_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2020.1869501","volume":"13","author":"Y Deng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Deng Y, Zhou M, Wang J, Yao J, Yu J, Liu W, et al. Involvement of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in chronic restraint stress: disturbances of the kynurenine metabolic pathway in both the gut and brain. Gut Microbes. 2021;13:1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19490976.2020.1869501","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"4154_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaaf9794","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaf9794","volume":"357","author":"I Cervenka","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cervenka I, Agudelo LZ, Ruas JL. Kynurenines: tryptophan\u2019s metabolites in exercise, inflammation, and mental health. Science. 2017;357:eaaf9794 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aaf9794","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"4154_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2016.07.002","volume":"112","author":"PJ Kennedy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kennedy PJ, Cryan JF, Dinan TG, Clarke G. Kynurenine pathway metabolism and the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Neuropharmacology. 2017;112:399\u2013412. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2016.07.002","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"4154_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00013","volume":"8","author":"J Gao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gao J, Xu K, Liu H, Liu G, Bai M, Peng C, et al. Impact of the gut microbiota on intestinal immunity mediated by tryptophan metabolism. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2018;8:13 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00013","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"4154_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2832","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23112832","volume":"23","author":"D Cheng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cheng D, Chang H, Ma S, Guo J, She G, Zhang F, et al. Tiansi liquid modulates gut microbiota composition and tryptophan\u207bkynurenine metabolism in rats with hydrocortisone-induced depression. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland). 2018;23:2832 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules23112832","journal-title":"Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"4154_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8493","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23158493","volume":"23","author":"AS Correia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Correia AS, Vale N. Tryptophan metabolism in depression: a narrative review with a focus on serotonin and kynurenine pathways. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23:8493 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms23158493","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4154_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-014-0151-1","volume":"11","author":"DJ Allison","year":"2014","unstructured":"Allison DJ, Ditor DS. The common inflammatory etiology of depression and cognitive impairment: a therapeutic target. J Neuroinflammation. 2014;11:151. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-014-0151-1","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"4154_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.115.064246","volume":"43","author":"TD Hubbard","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hubbard TD, Murray IA, Perdew GH. Indole and tryptophan metabolism: endogenous and dietary routes to Ah receptor activation. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals. 2015;43:1522\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/dmd.115.064246","journal-title":"Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals"},{"key":"4154_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2023.12.009","volume":"32","author":"L Cheng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cheng L, Wu H, Cai X, Zhang Y, Yu S, Hou Y, et al. A Gpr35-tuned gut microbe-brain metabolic axis regulates depressive-like behavior. Cell Host Microbe. 2024;32:227\u2013.e226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chom.2023.12.009","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"4154_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1944","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2024.09.013","volume":"32","author":"Z Zhong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhong Z, Mu X, Lang H, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Liu Y, et al. Gut symbiont-derived anandamide promotes reward learning in honeybees by activating the endocannabinoid pathway. Cell Host Microbe. 2024;32:1944\u2013.e1947. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chom.2024.09.013","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"4154_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2024.101798","volume":"5","author":"X Qian","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qian X, Li Q, Zhu H, Chen Y, Lin G, Zhang H, et al. Bifidobacteria with indole-3-lactic acid-producing capacity exhibit psychobiotic potential via reducing neuroinflammation. Cell reports. Medicine. 2024;5:101798 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xcrm.2024.101798","journal-title":"Cell reports. Medicine"},{"key":"4154_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-023-01635-6","volume":"11","author":"Y Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang Y, Zhou J, Ye J, Sun Z, He Y, Zhao Y, et al. Multi-omics reveal microbial determinants impacting the treatment outcome of antidepressants in major depressive disorder. Microbiome. 2023;11:195. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40168-023-01635-6","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"4154_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2011.02.003","volume":"11","author":"T Sharp","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sharp T, Cowen PJ. 5-HT and depression: is the glass half-full?. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2011;11:45\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.coph.2011.02.003","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"key":"4154_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2014.09.001","volume":"16","author":"BB Williams","year":"2014","unstructured":"Williams BB, Van Benschoten AH, Cimermancic P, Donia MS, Zimmermann M, Taketani M, et al. Discovery and characterization of gut microbiota decarboxylases that can produce the neurotransmitter tryptamine. Cell Host Microbe. 2014;16:495\u2013503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chom.2014.09.001","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"4154_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.05.003","volume":"23","author":"A Agus","year":"2018","unstructured":"Agus A, Planchais J, Sokol H. Gut microbiota regulation of tryptophan metabolism in health and disease. Cell Host Microbe. 2018;23:716\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chom.2018.05.003","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"4154_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2444","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2012.0109","volume":"367","author":"JP Jacobsen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jacobsen JP, Medvedev IO, Caron MG. The 5-HT deficiency theory of depression: perspectives from a naturalistic 5-HT deficiency model, the tryptophan hydroxylase 2Arg439His knockin mouse. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2012;367:2444\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rstb.2012.0109","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci"},{"key":"4154_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.5498\/wjp.v13.i4.141","volume":"13","author":"AA Badawy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Badawy AA, Dawood S, Bano S. Kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism in pathophysiology and therapy of major depressive disorder. World J Psychiatry. 2023;13:141\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5498\/wjp.v13.i4.141","journal-title":"World J Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728576","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.728576","volume":"9","author":"EJ Patriarca","year":"2021","unstructured":"Patriarca EJ, Cermola F, D\u2019Aniello C, Fico A, Guardiola O, De Cesare D, et al. The multifaceted roles of proline in cell behavior. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021;9:728576 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcell.2021.728576","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"4154_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2022.04.001","volume":"34","author":"J Mayneris-Perxachs","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mayneris-Perxachs J, Castells-Nobau A, Arnoriaga-Rodr\u00edguez M, Martin M, de la Vega-Correa L, Zapata C, et al. Microbiota alterations in proline metabolism impact depression. Cell Metab. 2022;34:681\u2013701. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmet.2022.04.001. e610","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"4154_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-019-0391-z","volume":"9","author":"L Jianguo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jianguo L, Xueyang J, Cui W, Changxin W, Xuemei Q. Altered gut metabolome contributes to depression-like behaviors in rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress. Transl Psychiatry. 2019;9:40. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41398-019-0391-z","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4405","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16244405","volume":"16","author":"BF Gruenbaum","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gruenbaum BF, Merchant KS, Zlotnik A, Boyko M. Gut microbiome modulation of glutamate dynamics: implications for brain health and neurotoxicity. Nutrients. 2024;16:4405 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu16244405","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"4154_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.13535","volume":"77","author":"J Mayneris-Perxachs","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mayneris-Perxachs J, Fern\u00e1ndez-Real JM. Proline-related metabolites: Towards biological diagnosis of depression. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2023;77:195 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pcn.13535","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"4154_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.13517","volume":"77","author":"X Bian","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bian X, Zhou N, Zhao Y, Fang Y, Li N, Zhang X, et al. Identification of proline, 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate and glutamic acid as biomarkers of depression reflecting brain metabolism using carboxylomics, a new metabolomics method. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2023;77:196\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pcn.13517","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"4154_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114167","volume":"276","author":"M Lv","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lv M, Wang Y, Qu P, Li S, Yu Z, Qin X, et al. A combination of cecum microbiome and metabolome in CUMS depressed rats reveals the antidepressant mechanism of traditional Chinese medicines: A case study of Xiaoyaosan. J Ethnopharmacol. 2021;276:114167 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2021.114167","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"4154_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"w20060","DOI":"10.4414\/smw.2019.20060","volume":"149","author":"D Bach","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bach D, Brown SA, Kleim B, Tyagarajan S. Extracellular matrix: a new player in memory maintenance and psychiatric disorders. Swiss Med Wkly. 2019;149:w20060 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4414\/smw.2019.20060","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"},{"key":"4154_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-025-04181-3","volume":"25","author":"X Gong","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gong X, Lai Z, Li L, Fan L, Ren Y, Zhong Q, et al. Esketamine alleviates depressive-like behavior in mice via modulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis and amino acid metabolism. BMC Microbiol. 2025;25:570 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-025-04181-3","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"4154_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1116277","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1116277","volume":"13","author":"Y Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li Y, Li J, Cheng R, Liu H, Zhao Y, Liu Y, et al. Alteration of the gut microbiome and correlated metabolism in a rat model of long-term depression. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2023;13:1116277 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1116277","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"4154_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-31937-x","volume":"8","author":"WY Chow","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chow WY, Forman CJ, Bihan D, Puszkarska AM, Rajan R, Reid DG, et al. Proline provides site-specific flexibility for in vivo collagen. Sci Rep. 2018;8:13809. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-31937-x","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"4154_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1042\/bst20230860","volume":"52","author":"KC Yang-Jensen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang-Jensen KC, J\u00f8rgensen SM, Chuang CY, Davies MJ. Modification of extracellular matrix proteins by oxidants and electrophiles. Biochem Soc Trans. 2024;52:1199\u2013217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1042\/bst20230860","journal-title":"Biochem Soc Trans"},{"key":"4154_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2013.03.013","volume":"17","author":"TQ de Aguiar Vallim","year":"2013","unstructured":"de Aguiar Vallim TQ, Tarling EJ, Edwards PA. Pleiotropic roles of bile acids in metabolism. Cell Metab. 2013;17:657\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmet.2013.03.013","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"4154_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.72.121801.161712","volume":"72","author":"DW Russell","year":"2003","unstructured":"Russell DW. The enzymes, regulation, and genetics of bile acid synthesis. Annu Rev Biochem. 2003;72:137\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.biochem.72.121801.161712","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem"},{"key":"4154_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-50-3-971","volume":"50","author":"M Kitahara","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kitahara M, Takamine F, Imamura T, Benno Y. Assignment of Eubacterium sp. VPI 12708 and related strains with high bile acid 7alpha-dehydroxylating activity to Clostridium scindens and proposal of Clostridium hylemonae sp. nov., isolated from human faeces. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2000;50:971\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/00207713-50-3-971","journal-title":"Int J Syst Evol Microbiol"},{"key":"4154_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-51-1-39","volume":"51","author":"M Kitahara","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kitahara M, Takamine F, Imamura T, Benno Y. Clostridium hiranonis sp. nov., a human intestinal bacterium with bile acid 7alpha-dehydroxylating activity. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2001;51:39\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/00207713-51-1-39","journal-title":"Int J Syst Evol Microbiol"},{"key":"4154_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2015.01.006","volume":"5","author":"JM Ridlon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ridlon JM, Bajaj JS. The human gut sterolbiome: bile acid-microbiome endocrine aspects and therapeutics. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2015;5:99\u2013105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apsb.2015.01.006","journal-title":"Acta Pharm Sin B"},{"key":"4154_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2461","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-008-7568-6","volume":"65","author":"AF Hofmann","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hofmann AF, Hagey LR. Bile acids: chemistry, pathochemistry, biology, pathobiology, and therapeutics. Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS. 2008;65:2461\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00018-008-7568-6","journal-title":"Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS"},{"key":"4154_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.3109\/00365521003702734","volume":"45","author":"A Bajor","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bajor A, Gillberg PG, Abrahamsson H. Bile acids: short and long term effects in the intestine. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2010;45:645\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/00365521003702734","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"4154_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.13368","volume":"76","author":"N Sun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sun N, Zhang J, Wang J, Liu Z, Wang X, Kang P, et al. Abnormal gut microbiota and bile acids in patients with first-episode major depressive disorder and correlation analysis. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2022;76:321\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pcn.13368","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"4154_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.113.008201","volume":"66","author":"T Li","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li T, Chiang JY. Bile acid signaling in metabolic disease and drug therapy. Pharmacol Rev. 2014;66:948\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/pr.113.008201","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"4154_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-024-03211-4","volume":"14","author":"M Jia","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jia M, Fan Y, Ma Q, Yang D, Wang Y, He X, et al. Gut microbiota dysbiosis promotes cognitive impairment via bile acid metabolism in major depressive disorder. Transl Psychiatry. 2024;14:503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41398-024-03211-4","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837543","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.837543","volume":"13","author":"Y Qu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Qu Y, Su C, Zhao Q, Shi A, Zhao F, Tang L, et al. Gut microbiota-mediated elevated production of secondary bile acids in chronic unpredictable mild stress. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:837543 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2022.837543","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"4154_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937906","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.937906","volume":"16","author":"S MahmoudianDehkordi","year":"2022","unstructured":"MahmoudianDehkordi S, Bhattacharyya S, Brydges CR, Jia W, Fiehn O, Rush AJ, et al. Gut microbiome-linked metabolites in the pathobiology of major depression with or without anxiety-a role for bile acids. Front Neurosci. 2022;16:937906 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2022.937906","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"4154_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2017.02.008","volume":"138","author":"M Yu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yu M, Jia H, Zhou C, Yang Y, Zhao Y, Yang M, et al. Variations in gut microbiota and fecal metabolic phenotype associated with depression by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC\/MS-based metabolomics. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2017;138:231\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpba.2017.02.008","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"},{"key":"4154_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.114525","volume":"161","author":"H Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen H, Kan Q, Zhao L, Ye G, He X, Tang H, et al. Prophylactic effect of Tongxieyaofang polysaccharide on depressive behavior in adolescent male mice with chronic unpredictable stress through the microbiome-gut-brain axis. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie. 2023;161:114525. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.114525","journal-title":"Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie"},{"key":"4154_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1256142","volume":"14","author":"W Jia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jia W, Tang Q, Zou Y, Yang Y, Wu W, Xu W. Investigating the antidepressant effect of Ziyan green tea on chronic unpredictable mild stress mice through fecal metabolomics. Front Microbiol. 2023;14:1256142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1256142","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"4154_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2023.115807","volume":"238","author":"Z Qu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qu Z, Wu S, Zheng Y, Bing Y, Liu X, Li S, et al. Fecal metabolomics combined with metagenomics sequencing to analyze the antidepressant mechanism of Yueju Wan. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2024;238:115807. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpba.2023.115807","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"},{"key":"4154_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.02447-25","volume":"16","author":"JY Du","year":"2025","unstructured":"Du JY, Zhang ZJ, Tan L, Yang JY, Yang RN, Chen YL, et al. Gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic perturbations of bile\/glyceric acids in major depressive disorder with IBS comorbidity. mBio. 2025;16:e0244725. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/mbio.02447-25","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"4154_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.202100324","volume":"22","author":"W Lirong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lirong W, Mingliang Z, Mengci L, Qihao G, Zhenxing R, Xiaojiao Z, et al. The clinical and mechanistic roles of bile acids in depression, Alzheimer\u2019s disease, and stroke. Proteomics. 2022;22:e2100324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pmic.202100324","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"4154_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2020.11.018","volume":"89","author":"H Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang H, Tan YZ, Mu RH, Tang SS, Liu X, Xing SY, et al. Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 modulates depression-like behaviors via hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons afferent to dorsolateral septum. Biol Psychiatry. 2021;89:1084\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsych.2020.11.018","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13045","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232113045","volume":"23","author":"ZL Ren","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ren ZL, Li CX, Ma CY, Chen D, Chen JH, Xu WX, et al. Linking nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and brain disease: focusing on bile acid signaling. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23:13045 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms232113045","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4154_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4023","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26094023","volume":"26","author":"X Zhao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhao X, Zheng I, Huang W, Tang D, Zhao M, Hou R, et al. Research progress on the mechanism of bile acids and their receptors in depression. Int J Mol Sci. 2025;26:4023 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms26094023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4154_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2024.02.019","volume":"112","author":"XY Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li XY, Zhang SY, Hong YZ, Chen ZG, Long Y, Yuan DH, et al. TGR5-mediated lateral hypothalamus-dCA3-dorsolateral septum circuit regulates depressive-like behavior in male mice. Neuron. 2024;112:1795\u2013.e1710. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2024.02.019","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"4154_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.03.065","volume":"72","author":"X Wu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wu X, Liu C, Chen L, Du YF, Hu M, Reed MN, et al. Protective effects of tauroursodeoxycholic acid on lipopolysaccharide-induced cognitive impairment and neurotoxicity in mice. Int Immunopharmacol. 2019;72:166\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2019.03.065","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"4154_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2024.116523","volume":"253","author":"W Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang W, Bai X, Li J, Wang S, Zhao F, Qin X, et al. Low polarity fraction of Radix Bupleuri alleviates chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression in rats through FXR modulating bile acid homeostasis in liver, gut, and brain. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2025;253:116523 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpba.2024.116523","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"},{"key":"4154_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyaa039","volume":"23","author":"W Hu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hu W, Wu J, Ye T, Chen Z, Tao J, Tong L, et al. Farnesoid X receptor-mediated cytoplasmic translocation of CRTC2 disrupts CREB-BDNF signaling in hippocampal CA1 and leads to the development of depression-like behaviors in mice. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2020;23:673\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ijnp\/pyaa039","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"4154_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2022.109626","volume":"115","author":"H Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li H, Zhu X, Xu J, Li L, Kan W, Bao H, et al. The FXR mediated anti-depression effect of CDCA underpinned its therapeutic potentiation for MDD. Int Immunopharmacol. 2023;115:109626 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.intimp.2022.109626","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"4154_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157394","volume":"148","author":"H Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang H, Nie Y, Luo Y, Sun Z, He Y, Yang J. Daidzein alleviates chronic restraint stress-induced depression-like behavior by regulating neuroinflammation and synaptic plasticity via microbiota-gut-brain axis. Phytomedicine. 2025;148:p. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157394","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"4154_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.10.005","volume":"186","author":"M McMillin","year":"2016","unstructured":"McMillin M, Frampton G, Quinn M, Ashfaq S, de los Santos M III, et al. Bile acid signaling is involved in the neurological decline in a murine model of acute liver failure. Am J Pathol. 2016;186:312\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.10.005","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"4154_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2015.00070","volume":"9","author":"F Huang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Huang F, Wang T, Lan Y, Yang L, Pan W, Zhu Y, et al. Deletion of mouse FXR gene disturbs multiple neurotransmitter systems and alters neurobehavior. Front Behav Neurosci. 2015;9:70 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnbeh.2015.00070","journal-title":"Front Behav Neurosci"},{"key":"4154_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2017.03.007","volume":"25","author":"H Hao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hao H, Cao L, Jiang C, Che Y, Zhang S, Takahashi S, et al. Farnesoid X Receptor Regulation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome Underlies Cholestasis-Associated Sepsis. Cell Metab. 2017;25:856\u201367. e855. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmet.2017.03.007","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"4154_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14254","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232214254","volume":"23","author":"N Fiaschini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fiaschini N, Mancuso M, Tanori M, Colantoni E, Vitali R, Diretto G, et al. Liver steatosis and steatohepatitis alter bile acid receptors in brain and induce neuroinflammation: a contribution of circulating bile acids and blood-brain barrier. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23:14254 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms232214254","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4154_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xkme.2025.101018","volume":"7","author":"P Mortaji","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mortaji P, Cai X, Oh E, Frazier R, Srivastava A, Fischer M, et al. Deoxycholic acid and cognitive impairment and decline in the chronic renal insufficiency cohort (CRIC). Kidney Med. 2025;7:101018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xkme.2025.101018","journal-title":"Kidney Med"},{"key":"4154_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2016.57","volume":"17","author":"AA Grace","year":"2016","unstructured":"Grace AA. Dysregulation of the dopamine system in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and depression. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2016;17:524\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn.2016.57","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"4154_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v61n0103","volume":"61","author":"PL Delgado","year":"2000","unstructured":"Delgado PL. Depression: the case for a monoamine deficiency. J Clin Psychiatry. 2000;61:7\u201311","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4239","volume":"19","author":"N Eshel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Eshel N, Tian J, Bukwich M, Uchida N. Dopamine neurons share common response function for reward prediction error. Nat Neurosci. 2016;19:479\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn.4239","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"4154_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2241","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2016.19","volume":"41","author":"R Pandit","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pandit R, Omrani A, Luijendijk MC, de Vrind VA, Van Rozen AJ, Ophuis RJ, et al. Melanocortin 3 receptor signaling in midbrain dopamine neurons increases the motivation for food reward. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. 2016;41:2241\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/npp.2016.19","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"4154_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00404","volume":"10","author":"SA Torrisi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Torrisi SA, Leggio GM, Drago F, Salomone S. Therapeutic challenges of post-traumatic stress disorder: focus on the dopaminergic system. Front Pharmacol. 2019;10:404 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2019.00404","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"4154_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-019-05265-5","volume":"236","author":"C Gonz\u00e1lez-Arancibia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Arancibia C, Urrutia-Pi\u00f1ones J, Illanes-Gonz\u00e1lez J, Martinez-Pinto J, Sotomayor-Z\u00e1rate R, Julio-Pieper M, et al. Do your gut microbes affect your brain dopamine?. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2019;236:1611\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00213-019-05265-5","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"4154_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-0897-4_10","volume":"817","author":"R Wall","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wall R, Cryan JF, Ross RP, Fitzgerald GF, Dinan TG, Stanton C. Bacterial neuroactive compounds produced by psychobiotics. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2014;817:221\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-0897-4_10","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"4154_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2010.11.016","volume":"45","author":"BA Apfel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Apfel BA, Otte C, Inslicht SS, McCaslin SE, Henn-Haase C, Metzler TJ, et al. Pretraumatic prolonged elevation of salivary MHPG predicts peritraumatic distress and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. J Psychiatr Res. 2011;45:735\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2010.11.016","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"4154_CR163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-018-0337-x","volume":"4","author":"M Valles-Colomer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Valles-Colomer M, Falony G, Darzi Y, Tigchelaar EF, Wang J, Tito RY, et al. The neuroactive potential of the human gut microbiota in quality of life and depression. Nature microbiology. 2019;4:623\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41564-018-0337-x","journal-title":"Nature microbiology"},{"key":"4154_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2024.03.010","volume":"36","author":"M Zhao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhao M, Ren Z, Zhao A, Tang Y, Kuang J, Li M, et al. Gut bacteria-driven homovanillic acid alleviates depression by modulating synaptic integrity. Cell Metab. 2024;36:1000 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmet.2024.03.010. e1006","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"4154_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102574","volume":"7","author":"M Zhao","year":"2026","unstructured":"Zhao M, Liu P, Pan M, Guo Y, Sun T, Ren Z, et al. Microbiota-metabolome interplay in depression: Metabolic insights and diagnostic potential. Cell Rep Med. 2026;7:102574. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xcrm.2025.102574","journal-title":"Cell Rep Med"},{"key":"4154_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2448","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-021-01514-y","volume":"44","author":"HL Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang HL, Li MM, Zhou MF, Xu HS, Huan F, Liu N, et al. Links between gut dysbiosis and neurotransmitter disturbance in chronic restraint stress-induced depressive behaviours: the role of inflammation. Inflammation. 2021;44:2448\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10753-021-01514-y","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"4154_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.09.023","volume":"186","author":"SX Luo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Luo SX, Huang EJ. Dopaminergic neurons and brain reward pathways: from neurogenesis to circuit assembly. Am J Pathol. 2016;186:478\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.09.023","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"4154_CR168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3779","volume":"17","author":"CD Proulx","year":"2014","unstructured":"Proulx CD, Hikosaka O, Malinow R. Reward processing by the lateral habenula in normal and depressive behaviors. Nat Neurosci. 2014;17:1146\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn.3779","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"4154_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3875","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25073875","volume":"25","author":"G Hou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hou G, Hao M, Duan J, Han MH. The Formation and Function of the VTA Dopamine System. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25:3875","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"4154_CR170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/s0006-3223(01)01349-x","volume":"51","author":"JF Cubells","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cubells JF, Price LH, Meyers BS, Anderson GM, Zabetian CP, Alexopoulos GS, et al. Genotype-controlled analysis of plasma dopamine beta-hydroxylase activity in psychotic unipolar major depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2002;51:358\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0006-3223(01)01349-x","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.2147\/ndt.S19619","volume":"7","author":"C Moret","year":"2011","unstructured":"Moret C, Briley M. The importance of norepinephrine in depression. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2011;7:9\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/ndt.S19619","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"4154_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1995.tb44711.x","volume":"771","author":"DS Goldstein","year":"1995","unstructured":"Goldstein DS. Clinical assessment of sympathetic responses to stress. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1995;771:570\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1995.tb44711.x","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"4154_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(90)90053-5","volume":"27","author":"ME McFall","year":"1990","unstructured":"McFall ME, Murburg MM, Ko GN, Veith RC. Autonomic responses to stress in Vietnam combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 1990;27:1165\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0006-3223(90)90053-5","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2589","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-025-03398-y","volume":"31","author":"A Tang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tang A, Chen Y, Si K, Lai J, Gong W, Hu S. Gut microbiota modulates synaptic plasticity, connectivity, and dopamine transmission in the VTA-mPFC pathway in bipolar depression. Mol Psychiatry. 2025;31:2589\u2013604.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0021822","DOI":"10.1128\/msystems.00218-22","volume":"7","author":"B Hu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hu B, Das P, Lv X, Shi M, Aa J, Wang K, et al. Effects of \u2018Healthy\u2019 fecal microbiota transplantation against the deterioration of depression in fawn-hooded rats. mSystems. 2022;7:e0021822. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/msystems.00218-22","journal-title":"mSystems"},{"key":"4154_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104527","volume":"90","author":"L Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu L, Wang H, Chen X, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Xie P. Gut microbiota and its metabolites in depression: from pathogenesis to treatment. EBioMedicine. 2023;90:104527 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104527","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"4154_CR177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-025-00779-7","volume":"11","author":"C Meng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Meng C, Feng S, Hao Z, Liu H. A combination of potential psychobiotics alleviates anxiety and depression behaviors induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes. 2025;11:147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41522-025-00779-7","journal-title":"NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes"},{"key":"4154_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106799","volume":"192","author":"A Varesi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Varesi A, Campagnoli LIM, Chirumbolo S, Candiano B, Carrara A, Ricevuti G, et al. The brain-gut-microbiota interplay in depression: A key to design innovative therapeutic approaches. Pharmacol Res. 2023;192:106799. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phrs.2023.106799","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"4154_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119885","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119885","volume":"391","author":"Y Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li Y, Zhang S, Li C, Shen J, Cao P, Sun Y, et al. Prebiotics chronotherapy alleviates depression-like behaviors in FMT mice through enhancing short-chain fatty acids receptors and intestinal barrier. J Affect Disord. 2025;391:119885 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2025.119885","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"4154_CR180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4774","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14224774","volume":"14","author":"L Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang L, Liu Y, Sun Y, Zhang X. Combined physical exercise and diet: regulation of gut microbiota to prevent and treat of metabolic disease: a review. Nutrients. 2022;14:4774 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu14224774","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"4154_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15061539","volume":"15","author":"L Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang L, Liu Y, Wang X, Zhang X. Physical exercise and diet: regulation of gut microbiota to prevent and treat metabolic disorders to maintain health. Nutrients. 2023;15:1539 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15061539","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"4154_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1815","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061815","volume":"12","author":"M Park","year":"2020","unstructured":"Park M, Choi J, Lee HJ. Flavonoid-rich orange juice intake and altered gut microbiome in young adults with depressive symptom: a randomized controlled study. Nutrients. 2020;12:1815 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu12061815","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"4154_CR183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2022.115005","volume":"319","author":"R Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang R, Cai Y, Lu W, Zhang R, Shao R, Yau SY, et al. Exercise effect on the gut microbiota in young adolescents with subthreshold depression: A randomized psychoeducation-controlled Trial. Psychiatry Res. 2023;319:115005 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2022.115005","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"4154_CR184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.112615","volume":"252","author":"X Zhou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhou X, Wang J, Lu Y, Chen C, Hu Y, Liu P, et al. Anti-depressive effects of Kai-Xin-San on lipid metabolism in depressed patients and CUMS rats using metabolomic analysis. J Ethnopharmacol. 2020;252:112615 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2020.112615","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"4154_CR185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.10.005","volume":"158Pt A","author":"JS Tian","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tian JS, Peng GJ, Gao XX, Zhou YZ, Xing J, Qin XM, et al. Dynamic analysis of the endogenous metabolites in depressed patients treated with TCM formula Xiaoyaosan using urinary (1)H NMR-based metabolomics. J Ethnopharmacol. 2014;158Pt A:1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2014.10.005","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"4154_CR186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.112219","volume":"246","author":"X Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu X, Liu C, Tian J, Gao X, Li K, Du G, et al. Plasma metabolomics of depressed patients and treatment with Xiaoyaosan based on mass spectrometry technique. J Ethnopharmacol. 2020;246:112219 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jep.2019.112219","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"4154_CR187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-022-01977-z","volume":"12","author":"AC Schaub","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schaub AC, Schneider E, Vazquez-Castellanos JF, Schweinfurth N, Kettelhack C, Doll JPK, et al. Clinical, gut microbial and neural effects of a probiotic add-on therapy in depressed patients: a randomized controlled trial. Transl Psychiatry. 2022;12:227. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41398-022-01977-z","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2021.11.023","volume":"100","author":"P Tian","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tian P, Chen Y, Zhu H, Wang L, Qian X, Zou R, et al. Bifidobacterium breve CCFM1025 attenuates major depression disorder via regulating gut microbiome and tryptophan metabolism: A randomized clinical trial. Brain Behav Immun. 2022;100:233\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2021.11.023","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"4154_CR189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2238","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13072238","volume":"13","author":"X Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang X, Chen S, Zhang M, Ren F, Ren Y, Li Y, et al. Effects of fermented milk containing lacticaseibacillus paracasei strain shirota on constipation in patients with depression: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Nutrients. 2021;13:2238. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13072238","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"4154_CR190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1158137","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1158137","volume":"14","author":"R Zhu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhu R, Fang Y, Li H, Liu Y, Wei J, Zhang S, et al. Psychobiotic Lactobacillus plantarum JYLP-326 relieves anxiety, depression, and insomnia symptoms in test anxious college via modulating the gut microbiota and its metabolism. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1158137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1158137","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"4154_CR191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3731","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13113731","volume":"13","author":"HM Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen HM, Kuo PH, Hsu CY, Chiu YH, Liu YW, Lu ML, et al. Psychophysiological effects of lactobacillus plantarum PS128 in patients with major depressive disorder: a preliminary 8-week open trial. Nutrients. 2021;13:3731","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"4154_CR192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.04.010","volume":"38","author":"A Kazemi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kazemi A, Noorbala AA, Azam K, Eskandari MH, Djafarian K. Effect of probiotic and prebiotic vs placebo on psychological outcomes in patients with major depressive disorder: A randomized clinical trial. Clin Nutr. 2019;38:522\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.04.010","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"4154_CR193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12937-019-0475-x","volume":"18","author":"H Karakula-Juchnowicz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Karakula-Juchnowicz H, Rog J, Juchnowicz D, \u0141oniewski I, Skonieczna-\u017bydecka K, Krukow P, et al. The study evaluating the effect of probiotic supplementation on the mental status, inflammation, and intestinal barrier in major depressive disorder patients using gluten-free or gluten-containing diet (SANGUT study): a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical study protocol. Nutr J. 2019;18:50. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12937-019-0475-x","journal-title":"Nutr J"},{"key":"4154_CR194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3422","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12113422","volume":"12","author":"EZ Reininghaus","year":"2020","unstructured":"Reininghaus EZ, Platzer M, Kohlhammer-Dohr A, Hamm C, M\u00f6rkl S, Bengesser SA, et al. PROVIT: Supplementary probiotic treatment and vitamin B7 in depression-a randomized controlled trial. Nutrients. 2020;12:3422","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"4154_CR195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2018.10.010","volume":"100","author":"L Rudzki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rudzki L, Ostrowska L, Pawlak D, Ma\u0142us A, Pawlak K, Waszkiewicz N, et al. Probiotic lactobacillus plantarum 299v decreases kynurenine concentration and improves cognitive functions in patients with major depression: A double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled study. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2019;100:213\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2018.10.010","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"4154_CR196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2022.01.059","volume":"148","author":"S Tarutani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tarutani S, Omori M, Ido Y, Yano M, Komatsu T, Okamura T. Effects of 4G-beta-D-Galactosylsucrose in patients with depression: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel-group comparative study. J Psychiatr Res. 2022;148:110\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2022.01.059","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"4154_CR197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1177\/07067437221150508","volume":"68","author":"JE Green","year":"2023","unstructured":"Green JE, Berk M, Mohebbi M, Loughman A, McGuinness AJ, Castle D, et al. Feasibility, acceptability, and safety of faecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of major depressive disorder: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Can J Psychiatry. 2023;68:315\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/07067437221150508","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-026-68455-8","volume":"17","author":"FM Panah","year":"2026","unstructured":"Panah FM, St\u00f8ving RK, Sj\u00f6gren M, Micali N, Maschek S, Reis KD, et al. Impact of a single fecal microbiome transplantation in adult women with anorexia nervosa: an open-label feasibility pilot trial. Nat Commun. 2026;17:1747. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-026-68455-8","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"4154_CR199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-023-03123-1","volume":"23","author":"C Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang C, Hu T, Xue X, Su X, Zhang X, Fan Y, et al. Multi-omics analysis of fecal microbiota transplantation\u2019s impact on functional constipation and comorbid depression and anxiety. BMC Microbiol. 2023;23:389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-023-03123-1","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"4154_CR200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-021-01720-1","volume":"20","author":"H Lin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lin H, Guo Q, Wen Z, Tan S, Chen J, Lin L, et al. The multiple effects of fecal microbiota transplantation on diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) patients with anxiety and depression behaviors. Microb Cell Fact. 2021;20:233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12934-021-01720-1","journal-title":"Microb Cell Fact"},{"key":"4154_CR201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1656969","volume":"16","author":"X Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang X, Li Y, Guo Y, Sun J, Yang Y. Clinical efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation in alleviating depressive symptoms: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Front Psychiatry. 2025;16:1656969. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2025.1656969","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2024.2323752","volume":"16","author":"G Park","year":"2024","unstructured":"Park G, Kadyan S, Hochuli N, Pollak J, Wang B, Salazar G, et al. A modified Mediterranean-style diet enhances brain function via specific gut-microbiome-brain mechanisms. Gut Microbes. 2024;16:2323752. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19490976.2024.2323752","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"4154_CR203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40246-023-00561-w","volume":"17","author":"G Lagoumintzis","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lagoumintzis G, Patrinos GP. Triangulating nutrigenomics, metabolomics and microbiomics toward personalized nutrition and healthy living. Hum Genomics. 2023;17:109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40246-023-00561-w","journal-title":"Hum Genomics"},{"key":"4154_CR204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2017.0077","volume":"22","author":"S Malan-Muller","year":"2018","unstructured":"Malan-Muller S, Valles-Colomer M, Raes J, Lowry CA, Seedat S, Hemmings SMJ. The gut microbiome and mental health: implications for anxiety- and trauma-related disorders. OMICS. 2018;22:90\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/omi.2017.0077","journal-title":"OMICS"},{"key":"4154_CR205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2021.2573","volume":"78","author":"VL Nikolova","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nikolova VL, Smith MRB, Hall LJ, Cleare AJ, Stone JM, Young AH. Perturbations in gut microbiota composition in psychiatric disorders: a review and meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry. 2021;78:1343\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2021.2573","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"4154_CR206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.07.019","volume":"187","author":"H Chang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chang H, Perkins MH, Novaes LS, Qian F, Zhang T, Neckel PH, et al. Stress-sensitive neural circuits change the gut microbiome via duodenal glands. Cell. 2024;187:5393\u2013.e5330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2024.07.019","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"4154_CR207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2024.09.058","volume":"368","author":"J Godzien","year":"2025","unstructured":"Godzien J, Kalaska B, Rudzki L, Barbas-Bernardos C, Swieton J, Lopez-Gonzalvez A, et al. Probiotic lactobacillus plantarum 299v supplementation in patients with major depression in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial: A metabolomics study. J Affect Disord. 2025;368:180\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2024.09.058","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"}],"container-title":["Translational Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41398-026-04154-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41398-026-04154-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41398-026-04154-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T12:20:25Z","timestamp":1791980425000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41398-026-04154-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]]},"references-count":207,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4154"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41398-026-04154-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["2158-3188"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2158-3188","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 May 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 June 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 July 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}}],"article-number":"558"}}