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This strategy is safe in clinical trials, but its applicability in the real-life setting remains unsettled. We describe the outcomes after TKI discontinuation in a nationwide series of 236 CML patients. Median follow-up from treatment discontinuation was 21.5 months and 5 patients died from CML-unrelated causes. TKI therapy was reinitiated due to MMR loss (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200952), increase \u2265\u20091 log in <jats:italic>BCR-ABL<\/jats:italic> transcript level without losing MMR (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200912), patient preference (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20092), and withdrawal syndrome (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091). Treatment-free remission rate at 4 years was 64% (95% confidence interval, CI: 55%\u201372%). Cumulative incidence of molecular recurrence at 3 years was 33% (95% CI: 26%\u201338%). TKI treatment for &lt;\u20095 years and MR4.5 duration shorter than 4 years were both associated with higher incidence of molecular recurrence. No patient had disease progression. Response status at last control was: MR4.5 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009196), MR4 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200915), MMR (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200914), complete cytogenetic response (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910), and other (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091). A significant increase in Hb and cholesterol levels was observed after imatinib withdrawal. Our results demonstrate that TKI treatment discontinuation is feasible in real-life clinical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-018-0125-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,22]],"date-time":"2018-09-22T14:10:06Z","timestamp":1537625406000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Feasibility of treatment discontinuation in chronic myeloid leukemia in clinical practice: results from a nationwide series of 236 patients"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4289-3113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Boluda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arturo","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Pastor-Gal\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Alvarez-Larr\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alisa","family":"Savchuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Manuel","family":"Puerta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Pina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Collado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alvaro","family":"D\u00edaz-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Angona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Sag\u00fc\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valent\u00edn","family":"Garc\u00eda-Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Concepci\u00f3n","family":"Boqu\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santiago","family":"Osorio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rolando","family":"Vallansot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Palomera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arantxa","family":"Mendiz\u00e1bal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis Felipe","family":"Casado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"P\u00e9rez-Encinas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ra\u00fal","family":"P\u00e9rez-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisca","family":"Ferrer-Mar\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferm\u00edn","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Guijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia de las","family":"Heras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"L\u00f3pez-Lorenzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Cervantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Luis","family":"Steegmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the Grupo Espa\u00f1ol de Leucemia Mieloide Cr\u00f3nica (GELMC)","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"125_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2851","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.66.2866","volume":"34","author":"H Bower","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bower, H. et al. 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