{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T15:51:17Z","timestamp":1793029877593,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744588800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08CA282987"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08CA282987"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30CA008748"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA008748"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Blood Cancer J."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>The role of extranodal (EN) sites as potential sanctuary regions resistant to CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy in large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) remains unclear. To investigate this, we retrospectively analyzed 283 adults treated with commercial CD19 CAR-T therapy, assessing 958 PET-CT scans across four time points: pre-apheresis, pre-lymphodepletion, best response, and relapse. EN involvement prior to CAR-T therapy was common (76%). Outcomes for patients with exclusive EN disease were similar to those with nodal (ND) disease alone; however, patients with concomitant EN and ND disease (EN\u2009+\u2009ND) had lower complete response rates and shorter progression-free survival. Site-specific outcomes varied: lungs\/pleura\/pericardium and gastrointestinal\/peritoneum involvement had the lowest local response rates (48% and 51%, respectively). Notably, the risk of same-site relapse was highest in the lungs\/pleura\/pericardium (hazard ratio [HR] 7.8) and gastrointestinal\/peritoneum (HR 5.97). Among patients relapsing after CAR-T, two-year overall survival rates from time of relapse were significantly lower in those with EN relapse (23% for exclusive EN; 25% for EN\u2009+\u2009ND) compared to exclusive ND relapse (64%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008). These findings underscore the high prevalence of EN disease in CAR-T recipients and its site-specific impact on outcomes, highlighting the need for organ-targeted strategies to enhance treatment efficacy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-025-01273-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T14:06:07Z","timestamp":1744639567000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["CAR T-cell therapy response varies by extranodal disease site in large B-cell lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2201-3091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Luna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6801-720X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sean M.","family":"Devlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3905-0251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Rejeski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica R.","family":"Flynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Corona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0212-2135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Efrat","family":"Luttwak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfredo","family":"Rivas-Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Landego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulio","family":"Cassanello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3116-0915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina","family":"Gomez-Llobell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandeep S.","family":"Raj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0794-3226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Parastoo B.","family":"Dahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0834-7880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard J.","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison","family":"Parascondola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5099-9156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.Lia","family":"Palomba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9977-0456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gunjan L.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Scordo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6290-1061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Alarcon Tomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doris","family":"Leithner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5683-4918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akshay","family":"Bedmutha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heiko","family":"Sch\u00f6der","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1281-5915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brandon S.","family":"Imber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9541-8666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gilles","family":"Salles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2903-5130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae H.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5910-4571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel-Angel","family":"Perales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9827-8032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roni","family":"Shouval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"1273_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2307","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2022018893","volume":"141","author":"SS Neelapu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Neelapu SS, Jacobson CA, Ghobadi A, Miklos DB, Lekakis LJ, Oluwole OO, et al. Five-year follow-up of ZUMA-1 supports the curative potential of axicabtagene ciloleucel in refractory large B-cell lymphoma. Blood. 2023;141:2307\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2022018893","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"1273_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1804980","volume":"380","author":"SJ Schuster","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schuster SJ, Bishop MR, Tam CS, Waller EK, Borchmann P, McGuirk JP, et al. Tisagenlecleucel in adult relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-Cell Lymphoma. N. Engl J Med. 2019;380:45\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1804980","journal-title":"N. Engl J Med"},{"key":"1273_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31366-0","volume":"396","author":"Abramson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abramson, Palomba JS, Gordon LI ML, Lunning MA, Wang M, Arnason J, et al. Lisocabtagene maraleucel for patients with relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphomas (TRANSCEND NHL 001): a multicentre seamless design study. Lancet. 2020;396:839\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31366-0","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1273_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-022-01739-2","volume":"37","author":"A Alarcon Tomas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alarcon Tomas A, Fein JA, Fried S, Flynn JR, Devlin SM, Fingrut WB, et al. Outcomes of first therapy after CD19-CAR-T treatment failure in large B-cell lymphoma. Leukemia. 2023;37:154\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41375-022-01739-2","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"1273_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2584","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2022016945","volume":"140","author":"R Di Blasi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Di Blasi R, Le Gouill S, Bachy E, Cartron G, Beauvais D, Le Bras F, et al. Outcomes of patients with aggressive B-cell lymphoma after failure of anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy: a DESCAR-T analysis. Blood. 2022;140:2584\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2022016945","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"1273_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.06.038","volume":"111","author":"NB Figura","year":"2021","unstructured":"Figura NB, Robinson TJ, Sim AJ, Wang X, Cao B, Chavez JC, et al. Patterns and predictors of failure in recurrent or refractory Large B-cell lymphomas after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2021;111:1145\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2021.06.038","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"1273_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.618387","volume":"11","author":"L Lindo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lindo L, Wilkinson LH, Hay KA. Befriending the hostile tumor microenvironment in CAR T-cell therapy. Front Immunol. 2020;11:618387 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.618387","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"1273_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omto.2022.03.009","volume":"25","author":"LA Kankeu Fonkoua","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kankeu Fonkoua LA, Sirpilla O, Sakemura R, Siegler EL, Kenderian SS. CAR T cell therapy and the tumor microenvironment: Current challenges and opportunities. Mol Ther Oncol. 2022;25:69\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.omto.2022.03.009","journal-title":"Mol Ther Oncol"},{"key":"1273_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1872","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-01916-x","volume":"28","author":"N Scholler","year":"2022","unstructured":"Scholler N, Perbost R, Locke FL, Jain MD, Turcan S, Danan C, et al. Tumor immune contexture is a determinant of anti-CD19 CAR T cell efficacy in large B cell lymphoma. Nat Med. 2022;28:1872\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-022-01916-x","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"1273_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Roschewski M, Phelan JD, Jaffe ES Primary Large B-cell Lymphomas of Immune-Privileged Sites. Blood. Published online April 18, 2024:blood.2023020911. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood.2023020911","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2023020911"},{"key":"1273_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.02143","volume":"40","author":"R Shouval","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shouval R, Alarcon Tomas A, Fein JA, Flynn JR, Markovits E, Mayer S, et al. Impact of TP53 genomic alterations in large B-cell lymphoma treated with CD19-Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. J Clin Oncol J Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2022;40:369\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/JCO.21.02143","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol J Am Soc Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1273_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3268","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2020001900","volume":"4","author":"EA Dean","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dean EA, Mhaskar RS, Lu H, Mousa MS, Krivenko GS, Lazaryan A, et al. High metabolic tumor volume is associated with decreased efficacy of axicabtagene ciloleucel in large B-cell lymphoma. Blood Adv. 2020;4:3268\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/bloodadvances.2020001900","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"key":"1273_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2022.12.005","volume":"41","author":"BJ Sworder","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sworder BJ, Kurtz DM, Alig SK, Frank MJ, Shukla N, Garofalo A, et al. Determinants of resistance to engineered T cell therapies targeting CD19 in large B cell lymphomas. Cancer Cell. 2023;41:210\u2013225.e5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccell.2022.12.005","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"1273_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hem3.70024","volume":"8","author":"A Rivas\u2010Delgado","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rivas\u2010Delgado A, L\u00f3pez C, Clot G, Nadeu F, Grau M, Frigola G, et al. Testicular large B\u2010cell lymphoma is genetically similar to PCNSL and distinct from nodal DLBCL. HemaSphere. 2024;8:e70024 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hem3.70024","journal-title":"HemaSphere"},{"key":"1273_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23638","volume":"89","author":"JJ Castillo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Castillo JJ, Winer ES, Olszewski AJ. Sites of extranodal involvement are prognostic in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the rituximab era: an analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database. Am J Hematol. 2014;89:310\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajh.23638","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"1273_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4166","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.27381","volume":"118","author":"H Takahashi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Takahashi H, Tomita N, Yokoyama M, Tsunoda S, Yano T, Murayama K, et al. Prognostic impact of extranodal involvement in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the rituximab era. Cancer. 2012;118:4166\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cncr.27381","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"1273_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1007\/s11684-020-0751-3","volume":"14","author":"L Zhou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhou L, Li P, Ye S, Tang X, Wang J, Liu J, et al. Different sites of extranodal involvement may affect the survival of patients with relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma after chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy. Front Med. 2020;14:786\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11684-020-0751-3","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"1273_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li P, Chai J, Chen Z, Liu Y, Wei J, Liu Y, et al. Genomic Mutation Profile of Primary Gastrointestinal Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Front Oncol. 2021;11. Accessed February 12, 2024. https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/oncology\/articles\/10.3389\/fonc.2021.622648","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.622648"},{"key":"1273_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2797","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.07.155","volume":"23","author":"A L\u00f3pez-Guillermo","year":"2005","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez-Guillermo A, Colomo L, Jim\u00e9nez M, Bosch F, Villamor N, Arenillas L, et al. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: clinical and biological characterization and outcome according to the nodal or extranodal primary origin. J Clin Oncol J Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2005;23:2797\u2013804. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/JCO.2005.07.155","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol J Am Soc Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1273_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-017-3094-7","volume":"96","author":"XX Cao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cao XX, Li J, Cai H, Zhang W, Duan MH, Zhou DB. Patients with primary breast and primary female genital tract diffuse large B cell lymphoma have a high frequency of MYD88 and CD79B mutations. Ann Hematol. 2017;96:1867\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00277-017-3094-7","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"1273_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1007\/s11864-018-0555-8","volume":"19","author":"TA Ollila","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ollila TA, Olszewski AJ. Extranodal diffuse large B Cell lymphoma: molecular features, prognosis, and risk of central nervous system recurrence. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2018;19:38 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11864-018-0555-8","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Oncol"},{"key":"1273_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2022.281457","volume":"108","author":"S Bobillo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bobillo S, Khwaja J, Ferreri AJM, Cwynarski K. Prevention and management of secondary central nervous system lymphoma. Haematologica. 2023;108:673\u201389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3324\/haematol.2022.281457","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"1273_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen DH, O\u2019Reilly M, Cheok KP, Low R, Puranik R, Clark S, et al. CD19-targeting chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy is safe and effective for intra-cardiac B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. eJHaem. n\/a(n\/a). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jha2.1020","DOI":"10.1002\/jha2.1020"},{"key":"1273_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.27316","volume":"99","author":"S Choquet","year":"2024","unstructured":"Choquet S, Soussain C, Azar N, Morel V, Metz C, Ursu R, et al. CAR T-cell therapy induces a high rate of prolonged remission in relapsed primary CNS lymphoma: Real-life results of the LOC network. Am J Hematol. 2024;99:1240\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajh.27316","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"1273_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.13968","volume":"111","author":"O Beyar Katz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Beyar Katz O, Perry C, Grisariu-Greenzaid S, Yehudai-Ofir D, Luttwak E, Avni B, et al. Response rates of extra-nodal diffuse large B cell lymphoma to anti-CD19-CAR T cells: A real word retrospective multicenter study. Eur J Haematol. 2023;111:63\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ejh.13968","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"1273_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208","volume":"95","author":"PA Harris","year":"2019","unstructured":"Harris PA, Taylor R, Minor BL, Elliott V, Fernandez M, O\u2019Neal L, et al. The REDCap consortium: Building an international community of software platform partners. J Biomed Inf. 2019;95:103208 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208","journal-title":"J Biomed Inf"},{"key":"1273_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3059","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2013.54.8800","volume":"32","author":"BD Cheson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cheson BD, Fisher RI, Barrington SF, Cavalli F, Schwartz LH, Zucca E, et al. Recommendations for initial evaluation, staging, and response assessment of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: the Lugano classification. J Clin Oncol J Am Soc Clin Oncol. 2014;32:3059\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/JCO.2013.54.8800","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol J Am Soc Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1273_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2018.12.758","volume":"25","author":"DW Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee DW, Santomasso BD, Locke FL, Ghobadi A, Turtle CJ, Brudno JN, et al. ASTCT Consensus Grading for Cytokine Release Syndrome and Neurologic Toxicity Associated with Immune Effector Cells. Biol Blood Marrow Transpl J Am Soc Blood Marrow Transpl. 2019;25:625\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbmt.2018.12.758","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transpl J Am Soc Blood Marrow Transpl"},{"key":"1273_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-024-01540-x","volume":"17","author":"D Leithner","year":"2024","unstructured":"Leithner D, Flynn JR, Devlin SM, Mauguen A, Fei T, Zeng S, et al. Conventional and novel [18F]FDG PET\/CT features as predictors of CAR-T cell therapy outcome in large B-cell lymphoma. J Hematol OncolJ Hematol Oncol. 2024;17:21 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13045-024-01540-x","journal-title":"J Hematol OncolJ Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"1273_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmoldx.2014.12.006","volume":"17","author":"DT Cheng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cheng DT, Mitchell TN, Zehir A, Shah RH, Benayed R, Syed A, et al. Memorial Sloan Kettering-integrated mutation profiling of actionable cancer targets (MSK-IMPACT): A hybridization capture-based next-generation sequencing clinical assay for solid tumor molecular oncology. J Mol Diagn. 2015;17:251\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jmoldx.2014.12.006","journal-title":"J Mol Diagn"},{"key":"1273_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-12-0095","volume":"2","author":"E Cerami","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cerami E, Gao J, Dogrusoz U, Gross BE, Sumer SO, Aksoy BA, et al. The cBio cancer genomics portal: an open platform for exploring multidimensional cancer genomics data. Cancer Discov. 2012;2:401\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-12-0095","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"key":"1273_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Velasco R, Mussetti A, Villagr\u00e1n-Garc\u00eda M, Sureda A CAR T-cell-associated neurotoxicity in central nervous system hematologic disease: Is it still a concern? Front Neurol. 2023;14. Accessed December 27, 2023. https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fneur.2023.1144414","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1144414"},{"key":"1273_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5316","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2023010336","volume":"7","author":"F Ayuk","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ayuk F, Gagelmann N, von Tresckow B, Wulf G, Rejeski K, Stelljes M, et al. Real-world results of CAR T-cell therapy for large B-cell lymphoma with CNS involvement: a GLA\/DRST study. Blood Adv. 2023;7:5316\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/bloodadvances.2023010336","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"key":"1273_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1097\/CJI.0000000000000416","volume":"45","author":"CA Yuen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yuen CA, Hsu JM, Van Besien K, Reshef R, Iwamoto FM, Haggiagi A, et al. Axicabtagene Ciloleucel in patients ineligible for ZUMA-1 because of CNS Involvement and\/or HIV: A Multicenter Experience. J Immunother. 2022;45:254 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CJI.0000000000000416","journal-title":"J Immunother"},{"key":"1273_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1710","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02404-6","volume":"29","author":"JH Park","year":"2023","unstructured":"Park JH, Nath K, Devlin SM, Sauter CS, Palomba ML, Shah G, et al. CD19 CAR T-cell therapy and prophylactic anakinra in relapsed or refractory lymphoma: phase 2 trial interim results. Nat Med. 2023;29:1710\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-023-02404-6","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"1273_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtct.2021.05.018","volume":"27","author":"A Cortes-Bullich","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cortes-Bullich A, Perez A, Bachmeier C, Mhaskar R, Chavez JC, Shah B, et al. Outcomes of CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy in patients with gastrointestinal tract involvement of large B cell lymphoma. Transpl Cell Ther. 2021;27:768.e1\u2013768.e6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtct.2021.05.018","journal-title":"Transpl Cell Ther"},{"key":"1273_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2022008525","volume":"7","author":"MR Cook","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cook MR, Dorris CS, Makambi KH, Luo Y, Munshi PN, Donato M, et al. Toxicity and efficacy of CAR T-cell therapy in primary and secondary CNS lymphoma: a meta-analysis of 128 patients. Blood Adv. 2023;7:32\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/bloodadvances.2022008525","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"key":"1273_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1624","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.27354","volume":"99","author":"A Alsouqi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Alsouqi A, Ahmed G, Wang J, Cassanello G, Szabo A, Rojek AE, et al. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy in secondary central nervous system lymphoma: A multicenter analysis. Am J Hematol. 2024;99:1624\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajh.27354","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"1273_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5192","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2024013393","volume":"8","author":"GY Cederquist","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cederquist GY, Schefflein J, Devlin SM, Shah GL, Shouval R, Hubbeling H, et al. CNS bridging radiotherapy achieves rapid cytoreduction before CAR T-cell therapy for aggressive B-cell lymphomas. Blood Adv. 2024;8:5192\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/bloodadvances.2024013393","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"key":"1273_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2020.1719096","volume":"61","author":"DW Kim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kim DW, Lee G, Lee H, Mahal AR, Lam MB, Ng AK. Response to hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy in chemotherapy-refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma. 2020;61:1428\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10428194.2020.1719096","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"},{"key":"1273_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2021.11.031","volume":"166","author":"O Saifi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Saifi O, Breen WG, Lester SC, Rule WG, Stish B, Rosenthal A, et al. Does bridging radiation therapy affect the pattern of failure after CAR T-cell therapy in non-Hodgkin lymphoma? Radiother Oncol J Eur Soc Ther Radio Oncol. 2022;166:171\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.radonc.2021.11.031","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol J Eur Soc Ther Radio Oncol"},{"key":"1273_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2003.04749.x","volume":"124","author":"MB M\u00f8ller","year":"2004","unstructured":"M\u00f8ller MB, Pedersen NT, Christensen BE. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: clinical implications of extranodal versus nodal presentation-a population-based study of 1575 cases. Br J Haematol. 2004;124:151\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2003.04749.x","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"1273_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-5379(89)90416-1","volume":"25","author":"R Otter","year":"1989","unstructured":"Otter R, Gerrits WB, vd, Sandt MM, Hermans J, Willemze R. Primary extranodal and nodal non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma. A survey of a population-based registry. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol. 1989;25:1203\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0277-5379(89)90416-1","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1273_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30050-y","volume":"13","author":"J Radke","year":"2022","unstructured":"Radke J, Ishaque N, Koll R, Gu Z, Schumann E, Sieverling L, et al. The genomic and transcriptional landscape of primary central nervous system lymphoma. Nat Commun. 2022;13:2558 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-022-30050-y","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"1273_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1002\/jha2.428","volume":"3","author":"SE Weissinger","year":"2022","unstructured":"Weissinger SE, Dugge R, Disch M, Barth TF, Bloehdorn J, Zahn M, et al. Targetable alterations in primary extranodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. EJHaem. 2022;3:688\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jha2.428","journal-title":"EJHaem"},{"key":"1273_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09671","volume":"470","author":"VN Ngo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ngo VN, Young RM, Schmitz R, Jhavar S, Xiao W, Lim KH, et al. Oncogenically active MYD88 mutations in human lymphoma. Nature. 2011;470:115\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature09671","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1273_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2298","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2019.227892","volume":"105","author":"CR Bolen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bolen CR, Klanova M, Trneny M, Sehn LH, He J, Tong J, et al. Prognostic impact of somatic mutations in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and relationship to cell-of-origin: data from the phase III GOYA study. Haematologica. 2020;105:2298\u2013307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3324\/haematol.2019.227892","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"1273_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1080\/10428194.2022.2131427","volume":"64","author":"G Ma","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ma G, Gao Y, Jing X, He C, Liu H, Wu X, et al. Targeted sequencing reveals the relationship between mutations and patients\u2019 clinical indicators, blood cell counts and early progression in diffuse large-B cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma. 2023;64:140\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10428194.2022.2131427","journal-title":"Leuk Lymphoma"}],"container-title":["Blood Cancer Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41408-025-01273-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41408-025-01273-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41408-025-01273-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T14:06:11Z","timestamp":1744639571000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41408-025-01273-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1273"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41408-025-01273-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["2044-5385"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2044-5385","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 March 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 March 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 April 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"AL reports research funding from Gilead. KR: Kite\/Gilead: Research Funding, Consultancy, Honoraria and travel support; Novartis: Honoraria; BMS\/Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Pierre-Fabre: travel support. MAP reports honoraria from Adicet, Allogene, Caribou Biosciences, Celgene, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Equilium, Exevir, ImmPACT Bio, Incyte, Karyopharm, Kite\/Gilead, Merck, Miltenyi Biotec, MorphoSys, Nektar Therapeutics, Novartis, Omeros, OrcaBio, Sanofi, Syncopation, Takeda, VectivBio AG, and Vor Biopharma. He serves on DSMBs for Cidara Therapeutics and Sellas Life Sciences, and the scientific advisory board of NexImmune. He has ownership interests in NexImmune, Omeros and OrcaBio. He has received institutional research support for clinical trials from Allogene, Incyte, Kite\/Gilead, Miltenyi Biotec, Nektar Therapeutics, and Novartis. RS: Received speaker honorarium from Incyte and Sanofi. GS Consultancy: AbbVie, BeiGene, BMS, Debiopharm, Epizyme, Genentech\/Roche, Genmab, Innate Pharma, Incyte, Ipsen, Janssen, Kite\/Gilead, Merck, Modex, Molecular Partners, Nurix, Orna Therapeutics, Pfizer, Treeline. Research funding: AbbVie, Genentech, Genmab, Janssen, Ipsen, and Nurix. MS served as a paid consultant for McKinsey & Company, Angiocrine Bioscience, Inc., and Omeros Corporation; received research funding from Angiocrine Bioscience, Inc., Omeros Corporation, Amgen Inc., Bristol Myers Squibb, and Sanofi; served on ad hoc advisory boards for Kite \u2013 A Gilead Company, and Miltenyi Biotec; and received honoraria from i3Health, Medscape, CancerNetwork, and IDEOlogy. The rest of co-authors declare no COIs.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"64"}}