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In the present prospective study, we aimed to investigate the incidence, management, and outcome of VOD\/SOS in patients with thalassemia major (TM) who received allo-HSCT. VOD\/SOS was diagnosed and classified based on the modified Seattle criteria. The prophylactic regimen for VOD\/SOS was a combination treatment of dalteparin and lipo-PGE1. VOD\/SOS was managed through an approach consisting of adequate supportive measures, short-term withdrawal of calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs), and the use of methylprednisolone and basiliximab for graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis. VOD\/SOS was found in 54 of 521 patients (10.4%) at a median time of 12 days after allo-HSCT. The cumulative incidence of all-grade and moderate VOD\/SOS was 10.4% and 4.2%, respectively. Among the 54 VOD\/SOS patients, no patient developed severe grade and died from VOD\/SOS. Besides, the cumulative incidence of transplant-related mortality on day 100 for patients with or without VOD\/SOS was 0% vs. 4.0% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.187), respectively, and the 3-year overall survival rates were 94.3% vs. 93.2% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.707), respectively. Collectively, we concluded that appropriate symptomatic therapy and short-term withdrawal of CNIs safely mitigated the mortality of VOD\/SOS in TM patients who underwent allo-HSCT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-021-01233-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]],"date-time":"2021-02-20T17:27:43Z","timestamp":1613842063000},"page":"1635-1641","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Hepatic veno-occlusive disease\/sinusoidal obstruction syndrome after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for thalassemia major: incidence, management, and outcome"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Xiaoxuan","family":"Lai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lianjin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingling","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaohui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meiqing","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongrong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0371-1719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongrong","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6255-8155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiaochuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"1233_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2017.161","volume":"53","author":"S Corbacioglu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Corbacioglu S, Carreras E, Ansari M, Balduzzi A, Cesaro S, Dalle JH, et al. 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