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This retrospective study conducted at the University Medical-Center Hamburg compares GVHD and Immune reconstitution after myeloablative MUD (HLA 10\/10) PBSC allogeneic stem cell transplant between 30\u2009mg\/Kg (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200973) and 60\u2009mg\/Kg (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009216) ATLG. Detailed phenotypes of T, B natural killer (NK), natural killer T (NKT) cells were analyzed by multicolor flow at day 30, 100, and 180 posttransplant. Neutrophil and platelet engraftments were significantly delayed in the 60\u2009mg\/kg group with a higher Cumulative incidence of Infections (67% vs 75% <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.049) and EBV (21% vs 41% <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.049) reactivation at day 100 in this group. In the 30\u2009mg\/kg group, we observed a faster reconstitution of na\u00efve-B cells (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and \u03b3\u03b4 T cells (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.045) at day+30 and a faster na\u00efve helper T-cell (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.046), NK-cells (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.035), and na\u00efve B-cell reconstitution (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.009) at day+180. There were no significant differences in aGVHD, cGVHD, NRM, RI, PFS, and OS between the groups. The choice of ATLG dose has significant impact on IR but not on GVHD after MUD-allo-SCT. Higher doses are associated with delayed engraftment and increased infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41409-022-01666-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]],"date-time":"2022-07-13T05:04:58Z","timestamp":1657688698000},"page":"1548-1555","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Impact of Anti-T-lymphocyte globulin dosing on GVHD and Immune reconstitution in matched unrelated myeloablative peripheral blood stem cell transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9275-3840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Radwan","family":"Massoud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evgeny","family":"Klyuchnikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0891-1744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nico","family":"Gagelmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatiana","family":"Zabelina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Wolschke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Ayuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrike","family":"Fritzsche-Friedland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Zander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5103-9966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolaus","family":"Kr\u00f6ger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"1666_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra052638","volume":"354","author":"EA Copelan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Copelan EA. 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