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This process can be modeled by the expression of constitutively activated IKK2 (IKK2ca), a strategy that we leveraged to investigate the mechanisms through which inflammation negatively affects cells of the osteoblast\/osteocyte lineage. We found that mice expressing IKK2ca in osteoblasts exhibit significant bone loss. Mechanistically, IKK2ca downregulates the expression of osteoblast genes while inducing the differentiation of bone-forming osteoblasts into catabolic osteocytes like cells, expressing high levels of\n                    <jats:italic>Podoplanin<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Fgf23<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Dkk1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Sclerostin<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We term these atypical inflammatory osteocyte-like cells (aiOCy-L cells) as they highly express inflammatory and senescence markers and promote osteoclast differentiation as well. Additional data show that inflammation induces abnormal differentiation of OB into aiOCy-L cells through upregulating mTOR and glycolysis. In summary, we uncovered a mechanism by which inflammation alters osteoblast differentiation and fate decision via the IKK2\/mTOR\/glycolysis axis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-026-00546-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T09:18:02Z","timestamp":1785835082000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Inflammation driven by NF-\u0138B compromises bone formation by inducing the differentiation of osteoblasts into atypical inflammatory osteocyte-like cells"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6052-4971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaurav","family":"Swarnkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md Fahim","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marwa","family":"Zeyad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul Malik","family":"Tyagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Musarrat","family":"Naaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Mbalaviele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5890-5086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yousef","family":"Abu-Amer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"546_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2695","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M106339200","volume":"277","author":"L Gilbert","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gilbert, L. et al. 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