{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T12:46:25Z","timestamp":1793191585963,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br Dent J"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41415-026-0041-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T09:44:42Z","timestamp":1792403082000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["INDICATE [INtroducing DIabetes Checks in A denTal sEtting]: estimating prevalence of undiagnosed pre-diabetes\/type 2 diabetes in primary dental care"],"prefix":"10.1038","author":[{"given":"Zehra","family":"Yonel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joie","family":"Ensor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Dietrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura J.","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iain L. C.","family":"Chapple","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"41_CR6855","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun H, Saeedi P, Karuranga S et al. IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global, regional and country-level diabetes prevalence estimates for 2021 and projections for 2045. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022; DOI: 10.1016\/j.diabres.2021.109119.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2021.109119"},{"key":"41_CR6857","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Whicher CA, O'Neill S, Holt R I G. Diabetes in the UK: 2019. Diabet Med 2020; 37: 242\u2013247.","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.14225"},{"key":"41_CR6859","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Macneill S J, Ford D, Evans K, Medcalf J F. Chapter 2 UK renal replacement therapy adult prevalence in 2016: national and centre-specific analyses. Nephron 2018; 139: 47\u201374.","DOI":"10.1159\/000490960"},{"key":"41_CR6861","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Steinmetz J D, Bourne R R A, Briant P S et al. Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: the right to sight: an analysis for the global burden of disease study. Lancet Glob Health 2021; 9: 144\u2013160.","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30489-7"},{"key":"41_CR6863","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Diabetes. 2021. Available at https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/diabetes (accessed 1 September 2026)."},{"key":"41_CR6866","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harris M I, Klein R, Welborn T A, Knuiman M W. Onset of NIDDM occurs at least 4\u20137 yr before clinical diagnosis. Diabetes Care 1992; 15: 815\u2013819.","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.15.7.815"},{"key":"41_CR6869","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bonora E, Trombetta M, Dauriz M et al. Chronic complications in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: prevalence and related metabolic and clinical features: the Verona Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Study (VNDS) 9. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8: e001549.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2020-001549"},{"key":"41_CR6871","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spijkerman A M, Dekker J M, Nijpels G et al. Microvascular complications at time of diagnosis of type 2 diabetes are similar among diabetic patients detected by targeted screening and patients newly diagnosed in general practice: the hoorn screening study. Diabetes Care 2003; 26: 2604\u20132608.","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.9.2604"},{"key":"41_CR6873","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gong Q, Zhang P, Wang J et al. Morbidity and mortality after lifestyle intervention for people with impaired glucose tolerance: 30-year results of the Da Qing Diabetes Prevention Outcome Study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2019; 7: 452\u2013461.","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(19)30093-2"},{"key":"41_CR6876","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thompson T J, Engelgau M M, Hegazy M et al. The onset of NIDDM and its relationship to clinical diagnosis in Egyptian adults. Diabet Med 1996; 13: 337\u2013340.","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9136(199604)13:4<337::AID-DIA71>3.0.CO;2-A"},{"key":"41_CR6878","unstructured":"National Health Service. Diabetes prevention programme (NHS DPP). 2026. Available at https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/diabetes\/diabetes-prevention\/ (accessed 1 September 2026)."},{"key":"41_CR6881","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simmons R K, Echouffo-Tcheugui J B, Sharp S J et al. Screening for type 2 diabetes and population mortality over 10 years (ADDITION-Cambridge): a cluster-randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2012; 380: 1741\u20131748.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61422-6"},{"key":"41_CR6883","unstructured":"England N. Making Every Contact Count (MECC): Consensus statement. 2016. Available at https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/publication\/making-every-contact-count-mecc-consensus-statement\/#:~:text=our%20site%20work.-,Making%20Every%20Contact%20Count%20(MECC):%20Consensus%20statement,18%20pages"},{"key":"41_CR6887","unstructured":"National Institute for Health Care Excellence. Type 2 diabetes: prevention in people at high risk. 2017. Available at https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ph38\/chapter\/recommendations (accessed 1 September 2026)."},{"key":"41_CR6890","unstructured":"National Health Service. Commissioning standard: dental care for people with diabetes. 2019. Available at https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/publication\/commissioning-standard-dental-care-for-people-with-diabetes\/ (accessed 1 September 2026)."},{"key":"41_CR6893","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Herrera D, Sanz M, Shapira L et al. Association between periodontal diseases and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and respiratory diseases: Consensus report of the Joint Workshop by the European Federation of Periodontology (EFP) and the European arm of the World Organization of Family Doctors (WONCA Europe). J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50: 819\u2013841.","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13807"},{"key":"41_CR6895","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yonel Z, Yahyouche A, Jalal Z, James A, Dietrich T, Chapple I L C. Patient acceptability of targeted risk-based detection of non-communicable diseases in a dental and pharmacy setting. BMC Public Health 2020; DOI: 10.1186\/s12889-020-09649-7.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-09649-7"},{"key":"41_CR6897","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yonel Z, Sharma P, Yahyouche A, Jalal Z, Dietrich T, Chapple I L. Patients' attendance patterns to different healthcare settings and perceptions of stakeholders regarding screening for chronic, non-communicable diseases in high street dental practices and community pharmacy: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2018; DOI: 10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-024503.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-024503"},{"key":"41_CR6899","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yonel Z, Batt J, Jane R et al. The role of the oral healthcare team in identification of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. Curr Oral Health Rep 2020; DOI: 10.1007\/s40496-020-00250-w.","DOI":"10.1007\/s40496-020-00250-w"},{"key":"41_CR6902","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yonel Z, Kuningas K, Sharma P et al. Concordance of three point of care testing devices with clinical chemistry laboratory standard assays and patient-reported outcomes of blood sampling methods. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2022; DOI: 10.1186\/s12911-022-01999-z.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-022-01999-z"},{"key":"41_CR6905","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Riley R D, Debray T P A, Collins G S et al. Minimum sample size for external validation of a clinical prediction model with a binary outcome. Stat Med 2021; 40: 4230\u20134251.","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.9025"},{"key":"41_CR6907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yonel Z, Kocher T, Chapple I L C et al. Development and external validation of a multivariable prediction model to identify nondiabetic hyperglycemia and undiagnosed type 2 diabetes: diabetes risk assessment in dentistry score (DDS). J Dent Res 2023; 102: 170\u2013177.","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345221129807"},{"key":"41_CR6910","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barber S R, Dhalwani N N, Davies M J, Khunti K, Gray L J. External national validation of the Leicester self-assessment score for type 2 diabetes using data from the english longitudinal study of ageing. Diabet Med 2017; 34: 1575\u20131583.","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.13433"},{"key":"41_CR6913","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Riley R D, Archer L, Snell K I E et al. Evaluation of clinical prediction models (part 2): how to undertake an external validation study. Bmj 2024; 384: e074820.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2023-074820"},{"key":"41_CR6915","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Collins G S, Reitsma J B, Altman D G, Moons K G. Transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis (TRIPOD): the TRIPOD statement. Ann Intern Med 2015; 162: 55\u201363.","DOI":"10.7326\/M14-0697"},{"key":"41_CR6917","unstructured":"Collins G S, Moons K G M, Dhiman P et al. TRIPOD+AI statement: updated guidance for reporting clinical prediction models that use regression or machine learning methods. BMJ 2024; 385: e078378."},{"key":"41_CR6919","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yonel Z, Cerullo E, Kr\u00f6ger A T, Gray L J. Use of dental practices for the identification of adults with undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus or non-diabetic hyperglycaemia: a systematic review. Diabet Med 2020; 37: 1443\u20131453.","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.14324"},{"key":"41_CR6922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Talakey A A, Hughes F J, Bernab\u00e9 E. Can periodontal measures assist in the identification of adults with undiagnosed hyperglycaemia? A systematic review. J Clin Periodontol 2022; 49: 302\u2013312.","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13596"},{"key":"41_CR6924","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sanz M, Ceriello A, Buysschaert M et al. Scientific evidence on the links between periodontal diseases and diabetes: consensus report and guidelines of the joint workshop on periodontal diseases and diabetes by the International diabetes Federation and the European Federation of Periodontology. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 137: 231\u2013241.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2017.12.001"},{"key":"41_CR6926","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Penn L, Rodrigues A, Haste A et al. NHS Diabetes Prevention Programme in England: formative evaluation of the programme in early phase implementation. BMJ Open 2018; 8: e019467.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-019467"}],"container-title":["British Dental Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41415-026-0041-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41415-026-0041-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41415-026-0041-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T09:44:49Z","timestamp":1792403089000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41415-026-0041-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["41"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41415-026-0041-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-0610","1476-5373"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-0610","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5373","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 May 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 May 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 October 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Funding from National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) and Diabetes UK. ZY was a panel member on the recently updated Diabetes NICE guidelines and is on the panel of Expert Advisers for the NICE Centre for Guidelines. ZY is a member of the Diabetes UK Council for Healthcare Professionals. JE is supported by the NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre at the University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Birmingham.IC is funded as part of the NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre in Inflammation, Birmingham, UK. IC was a member of the working group that developed the 2019 NHSE commissioning standard on dental care in people with diabetes and the 2024 update. IC was a chairman of the EFP-IDF and the EFP-WONCA Workshops. LG is funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Applied Research Collaboration East Midlands (ARC EM) and Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Centre (BRC (NIHR203327)). LG is an NIHR Senior Investigator and a member of the NIHR Multiple Long-Term Conditions Cross-NIHR Collaboration. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. LG is supported by British Heart Foundation Research Excellence Award (RE\/24\/130031).","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics declaration"}}]}}