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However, it remains unknown whether NWO increases the risk of breast cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study included 22,257 and 52,506 pre- and postmenopausal females with normal BMI in the UK Biobank. NWO was defined as participants with a normal BMI (18.5\u201324.9\u2009kg\/m2) and an excess percent body fat (PBF\u2009&gt;\u200933.3%). Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate the associations of NWO and NWO-related biomarkers with incident breast cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NWO was not associated with premenopausal breast cancer, whereas it was associated with a higher risk of postmenopausal breast cancer (hazard ratio\u2009=\u20091.19, 95% CI: 1.08\u20131.31). In our meta-analysis, per 5-unit increment in percent body fat level was linked to a 15% (95% CI: 10\u201319%) elevated risk of postmenopausal breast cancer in females with normal BMI. Stratified analyses showed a stronger positive association in females with higher genetic risk. In our NWO-biomarkers analyses, NWO was linked to 34 identified biomarkers, of which three inflammation markers (monocyte count, neutrophil count, and C-reactive protein), and one ketone body metabolite (\u03b2-Hydroxybutyrate) also indicated a positive association with postmenopausal breast cancer.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NWO is associated with an increased risk of postmenopausal breast cancer, indicating that relying solely on BMI neglects the higher risk faced by non-obese postmenopausal women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-024-02906-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T05:16:03Z","timestamp":1732770963000},"page":"203-211","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Normal weight obesity, circulating biomarkers and risk of breast cancer: a prospective cohort study and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"132","author":[{"given":"Wenjie","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2988-0502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peifen","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0161-3274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1676-5932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaohua","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2906_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsr1606602","volume":"375","author":"B Lauby-Secretan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lauby-Secretan B, Scoccianti C, Loomis D, Grosse Y, Bianchini F, Straif K, et al. 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