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There is an unmet need for an anti-apoptotic drug that acts in the early stage of the apoptotic process. The multifunctional protein Na\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ,K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -ATPase has, in addition to its role as a transporter, a signaling function that is activated by its ligand, the cardiotonic steroid ouabain. Several lines of evidence suggest that sub-saturating concentrations of ouabain protect against apoptosis of renal epithelial cells, a common complication and major cause of death in diabetic patients. Here, we induced apoptosis in primary rat renal epithelial cells by exposing them to an elevated glucose concentration (20\u2009mM) and visualized the early steps in the apoptotic process using super-resolution microscopy. Treatment with 10\u2009nM ouabain interfered with the onset of the apoptotic process by inhibiting the activation of the BH3-only protein Bad and its translocation to mitochondria. This occurred before the pro-apoptotic protein Bax had been recruited to mitochondria. Two ouabain regulated and Akt activating Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/calmodulin-dependent kinases were found to play an essential role in the ouabain anti-apoptotic effect. Our results set the stage for further exploration of ouabain as an anti-apoptotic drug in diabetic kidney disease as well as in other chronic diseases associated with excessive apoptosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-04025-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]],"date-time":"2021-07-27T02:02:42Z","timestamp":1627351362000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Super-resolution microscopy reveals that Na+\/K+-ATPase signaling protects against glucose-induced apoptosis by deactivating Bad"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Kristoffer","family":"Bernhem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacopo M.","family":"Fontana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6670-2142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Svensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linn\u00e9a M.","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5584-9170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hans","family":"Blom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0578-4003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hjalmar","family":"Brismar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Aperia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"4025_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mondello C, Scovassi AI. Apoptosis: a way to maintain healthy individuals. In: Nasheuer H-P, editor. Genome stability and human diseases. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2010, p. 307\u2013-23.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-90-481-3471-7_16"},{"key":"4025_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1038\/35040009","volume":"1","author":"MP Mattson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mattson MP. Apoptosis in neurodegenerative disorders. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2000;1:120\u201330.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"4025_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.17305\/bjbms.2016.919","volume":"16","author":"T Tomita","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tomita T. Apoptosis in pancreatic \u03b2-islet cells in type 2 diabetes. 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