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Being lipophilic, valrubicin readily incorporated Val-lLs that were loaded with specific antibodies. Val-ILs injected intravenously rapidly reached the bone marrow and spleen, indicating their potential to effectively target cancer cells in these areas. Following the transplantation of human pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in immunodeficient NSG mice, we generated patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, which were treated with Val-ILs loaded with antibodies to target CD19, CD7 or CD33. Only a small amount of valrubicin incorporated into Val-ILs was needed to induce leukemia cell death in vivo, suggesting that this approach could be used to efficiently treat acute leukemia cells. We also demonstrated that Val-ILs could reduce the risk of contamination of CD34\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    hematopoietic stem cells by acute leukemia cells during autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, which is a significant advantage for clinical applications. Using EL4 lymphoma cells on immunocompetent C57BL\/6 mice, we also highlighted the potential of Val-ILs to target immunosuppressive cell populations in the spleen, which could be valuable in impairing cancer cell expansion, particularly in lymphoma cases. The most efficient Val-ILs were found to be those loaded with CD11b or CD223 antibodies, which, respectively, target the myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) or the lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3 or CD223) on T4 lymphocytes. This study provides a promising preclinical demonstration of the effectiveness and ease of preparation of Val-ILs as a novel nanoparticle technology. In the context of hematological cancers, Val-ILs have the potential to be used as a precise and effective therapy based on targeted vesicle-mediated cell death.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-06715-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,11]],"date-time":"2024-05-11T08:01:36Z","timestamp":1715414496000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Valrubicin-loaded immunoliposomes for specific vesicle-mediated cell death in the treatment of hematological cancers"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Georgievski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre-Simon","family":"Bellaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Tournier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Choubley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Paul","family":"Pais de Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micha\u00eble","family":"Herbst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnaud","family":"B\u00e9duneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Callier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bertrand","family":"Collin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9rique","family":"V\u00e9gran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Ballerini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Garrido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1615-6769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronan","family":"Qu\u00e9r\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"6715_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2524","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2020.247031","volume":"105","author":"H Inaba","year":"2020","unstructured":"Inaba H, Mullighan CG. 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