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The probiotic supplement (resB\u00ae Lung Support) was provided free of charge by Resbiotic. We confirm that the company had absolutely no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, interpretation of the results, or the writing and submission of this manuscript. Patients, the Resbiotic company, or the public were not involved in the design, conduct, reporting, or dissemination plans for our research.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}},{"value":"All authors of this work concur with this submission. The data presented have not been previously reported, and they are not under consideration for publication elsewhere. This manuscript does not contain identifiable images or other identifiable information of individual participants.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bhubaneswar (reference number: T\/EMF\/Anaesthe\/21\/71), and was prospectively registered with the Clinical Trials Registry\u2013India (CTRI\/2022\/04\/041687; registered on July 6, 2022). All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant institutional guidelines and regulations and in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants or their legally authorized representatives before enrolment.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}}]}}