{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T23:46:19Z","timestamp":1787874379931,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evid Based Dent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41432-024-01078-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T11:11:01Z","timestamp":1741864261000},"page":"66-66","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Iranian early childhood dental caries: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and associated risk factors"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Razieh","family":"Jabbarian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Ranjbaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1612-1571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aida","family":"Mokhlesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samin","family":"Hosseini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"1078_CR1","first-page":"70","volume":"8","author":"H Nematollahi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nematollahi H, Mehrabkhani M, Sheykhani M. Assessing the relationship between diet and prevalence of early childhood caries in Birjand preschool children. J Dent. 2007;8:70\u201385.","journal-title":"J Dent."},{"key":"1078_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e018556","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-018556","volume":"8","author":"M Wagle","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wagle M, D\u2019Antonio F, Reierth E, Basnet P, Trovik TA, Orsini G, et al. Dental caries and preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ open. 2018;8:e018556.","journal-title":"BMJ open."},{"key":"1078_CR3","unstructured":"Broumand S, Sharififar S, Alikhani S. The study of caries free indicator of milk teeth in children age 3\u20136 at dare care center affiliated to health centers of Army. 2006:828\u2013835."},{"key":"1078_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2006.00246.x","volume":"34","author":"KB Hallett","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hallett KB, O\u2019Rourke PK. Pattern and severity of early childhood caries. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2006;34:25\u201335.","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol."},{"key":"1078_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.26719\/2011.17.3.243","volume":"17","author":"S Bayat Movahed","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bayat Movahed S, Samadzadeh H, Ziyarati L, Memory N, Khosravi R, Sadr Eshkevari P. Oral health of Iranian children in 2004: a national pathfinder survey of dental caries and treatment needs. EMHJ-East Mediterranean Health J. 2011;17:243\u20139.","journal-title":"EMHJ-East Mediterranean Health J"},{"key":"1078_CR6","unstructured":"World Health Organization Oral Health Surveys\u2010Basic Methods. Geneva: World Health Organization. 1997."},{"key":"1078_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. bmj. 2021;372.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"1078_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135","volume":"151","author":"D Moher","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. PRISMA Group* t. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151:264\u20139.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"key":"1078_CR9","first-page":"1876","volume":"13","author":"M Esmaeilikia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Esmaeilikia M, Gholami-Parizad E, Ghazanfari Z, Abedzadeh MS, Roozegar MA. Investigation of oral health status (DMFT-index) among 3-6 years old children in ilam (Western Iran), 2015. Res J Pharm Technol. 2020;13:1876\u201380.","journal-title":"Res J Pharm Technol."},{"key":"1078_CR10","first-page":"40","volume":"5","author":"H Poureslami","year":"2016","unstructured":"Poureslami H, Enhesari A, Salari Z, Sharifi H, Poureslami P. Is there association between severe early childhood caries and weight at 25-28 weeks of fetal life? A longitudinal pilot study. J Oral Health Oral Epidemiol. 2016;5:40\u20135.","journal-title":"J Oral Health Oral Epidemiol."},{"key":"1078_CR11","first-page":"41","volume":"16","author":"F Mojarad","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mojarad F, Fazlollahifar S, Poorolajal J, Hajilooi M. Effect of alpha amylase on early childhood caries: a matched case-control study. Brazilian Dental. Science. 2013;16:41\u20135.","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"1078_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bafti LS, Hashemipour MA, Poureslami H, Hoseinian Z. Relationship between body mass index and tooth decay in a population of 3\u20136-year-old children in Iran. Int J Dentistry. 2015;2015.","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/126530"},{"key":"1078_CR13","first-page":"257","volume":"38","author":"M Mehrabkhani","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mehrabkhani M, Ajami B, Khademi M, Arastoo S. Evaluating risk factors of dental caries in children under 6-years-old supported by Welfare Organization of Mashhad in 2012. J Mashhad Dent Sch. 2014;38:257\u201366.","journal-title":"J Mashhad Dent Sch."},{"key":"1078_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4683","DOI":"10.19082\/4683","volume":"9","author":"MMN Sistani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sistani MMN, Hataminia Z, Hajiahmadi M, Khodadadi E. Nine years\u2019 trend of dental caries and severe early childhood caries among 3\u20136-year-old children in Babol. North Iran Electron Physician. 2017;9:4683.","journal-title":"North Iran Electron Physician."},{"key":"1078_CR15","unstructured":"Ghasempour M, Hajian K, Moazzezi Z, Zovvar M. Relationship between BMI and dental caries index in preschool children in Babol. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06a9\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u067e\u0632\u0634\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627\u0646. 2011:280-7."},{"key":"1078_CR16","unstructured":"Ghandahari-Motlagh M, Zeraati H. Dental health status in 3-5 year old kindergarten children in Tehran-Iran in 2003. Front Dent. 2005:18\u201320."},{"key":"1078_CR17","unstructured":"MALEK MT, Hossienian Z, Bakhteyar M. The association of body mass index with dental caries in an Iranian sample of children. 2012:29\u201335."},{"key":"1078_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Parsaie Z, Rezaie P, Azimi N, Mohammadi N. Relationship between salivary alpha-amylase enzyme activity, anthropometric indices, dietary habits, and early childhood dental caries. Int J Dent. (2022);2022:2617197.","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/2617197"},{"key":"1078_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1111\/idh.12595","volume":"20","author":"A Mirahmadizadeh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mirahmadizadeh A, Zahmatkesh S, Mahizadeh H, Mokhtari AM, Vali M, Abedinzade A. Dental caries experience and its relationship to demographic factors in 2- to 6-year-old children in Fars-Iran in 2018. Int J Dent Hyg. 2022;20:643\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Dent Hyg."},{"key":"1078_CR20","first-page":"137","volume":"23","author":"M Jamshidi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jamshidi M, Sistani MMN, Boushehri N, Hamzeh M. Prevalence of early childhood caries and the related factors among 3-5-Year-Old children in Babol, Iran. J Dent. 2022;23:137.","journal-title":"J Dent."},{"key":"1078_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.4103\/JISPPD.JISPPD_247_20","volume":"39","author":"H Abedizadeh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abedizadeh H, Faramarzi M, Khafri S, Qujeq Q, Ahangary M, Ghasempour M. The association between the salivary cortisol level of mothers, children\u2019s temperament, and early childhood caries. J Indian Soc Pedodontics Prev Dent. 2021;39:196\u2013201.","journal-title":"J Indian Soc Pedodontics Prev Dent."},{"key":"1078_CR22","first-page":"188","volume":"45","author":"S HEMMATI","year":"2021","unstructured":"HEMMATI S, Kermani P, Cherati JY, Hali H. The relationship between severe early childhood caries and BMI in 3-6-Year-Old Children. J Mashhad Dent Sch. 2021;45:188\u201395.","journal-title":"J Mashhad Dent Sch."},{"key":"1078_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.29252\/koomesh.22.2.269","volume":"22","author":"MS Zeinabadi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zeinabadi MS, Hashemian SHOI, Ghorbani R, Tosan F, Ghaneei F, Ameli N. Early childhood caries and its association with socio-economic risk factors. Koomesh 2020;22:269\u201374.","journal-title":"Koomesh"},{"key":"1078_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-020-01154-y","volume":"20","author":"R Yazdani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yazdani R, Mohebbi SZ, Fazli M, Peighoun M. Evaluation of protective factors in caries free preschool children: a case-control study. BMC Oral Health. 2020;20:177.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"1078_CR25","first-page":"11393","volume":"8","author":"F Amirabadi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Amirabadi F, Saffari Y. Evaluating the relationship between parental dental anxiety and early childhood caries. Int J Pediatr. 2020;8:11393\u2013401.","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr."},{"key":"1078_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pourhoseingholi A, Baghban AA, Baghestani AR, Ghasemi E, Safavi SMR. Zero inflated binomial model for prognosis of the risk factors associated with dmft index in children aged 5 - 6 years in Tehran. Iranian J Pediatr. 2018;28.","DOI":"10.5812\/ijp.56044"},{"key":"1078_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.30699\/jidai.29.4.158","volume":"29","author":"M Mousavi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mousavi M, Kharrazifard MJ, Yekaninejad MS, Rahimi Foroushani A. Effect of anthropometric, socioeconomic, and behavioral factors on early childhood dental caries in Tehran: a structural equations modeling approach. J Iranian Dent Assoc. 2017;29:158\u201367.","journal-title":"J Iranian Dent Assoc."},{"key":"1078_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mortazavi S, Enshaei Z, Farajzadegan Z. Development of caries risk assessment tool for iranian preschoolers: a primary validation study. Int J Prevent Med. 2017;8.","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpvm.IJPVM_256_17"},{"key":"1078_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-017-2698-2","volume":"10","author":"F Khani-Varzegani","year":"2017","unstructured":"Khani-Varzegani F, Erfanparast L, Asghari-Jafarabadi M, Shokravi M, Azabdaftari F, Parto M, et al. Early occurrence of childhood dental caries among low literate families. BMC Res Notes. 2017;10:366.","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes."},{"key":"1078_CR30","first-page":"18","volume":"7","author":"R Panahi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Panahi R, Zadeh AA, Javanmardi E, Soleymanzadeh R, Moradi M, Varo OZ, et al. Prevalence of early childhood dental caries and some related factors among 3-6 year-old children in Marivan - 2016. J Health Field. 2019;7:18\u201325.","journal-title":"J Health Field"},{"key":"1078_CR31","first-page":"104","volume":"35","author":"MG Ahsaie","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ahsaie MG, Deghatipour M, Fazeli KS, Bastani P, Ehdaivand F, Ghorbani Z. Dental decay and associated factors in Iranian three years old children. J Dent Sch. 2017;35:104\u201313.","journal-title":"J Dent Sch."},{"key":"1078_CR32","first-page":"362","volume":"16","author":"H Toutouni","year":"2015","unstructured":"Toutouni H, Mohammad, Nokhostin R, Amaechi BT, Zafarmand AH. The prevalence of early childhood caries among 24 to 36 months old children of iran: using the Novel ICDAS-II Method. J Dent Shiraz Univ Med Sci. 2015;16:362\u201370.","journal-title":"J Dent Shiraz Univ Med Sci."},{"key":"1078_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.18869\/acadpub.3dj.2.4.15","volume":"2","author":"J Vejdani","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vejdani J, Hadipoor Z, Leyli EKN. Risk factors for severe early childhood caries in 2-3-year-old children in Rasht. J Dentomaxillofacil Radiol Pathol Surg. 2014;2:15\u201322.","journal-title":"J Dentomaxillofacil Radiol Pathol Surg."},{"key":"1078_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1159\/000351636","volume":"48","author":"NA Aminabadi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Aminabadi NA, Ghoreishizadeh A, Ghoreishizadeh M, Oskouei SG, Ghojazadeh M. Can child temperament be related to early childhood caries? Caries Res. 2014;48:3\u201312.","journal-title":"Caries Res."},{"key":"1078_CR35","first-page":"12","volume":"2","author":"AR Nabipour","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nabipour AR, Azvar K, Zolala F, Ahmadinia H, Soltani Z.The prevalence of early dental caries and its contributing factors among 3-6-Year-Old children in Varamin\/Iran. Health Dev J. 2013;2:12\u201321.","journal-title":"Health Dev J."},{"key":"1078_CR36","first-page":"29","volume":"7","author":"Z Moulana","year":"2013","unstructured":"Moulana Z, Pour MG, Pour FA, Elmi M, Shaker PB.The frequency of Streptococcus Mutans and Lactobacillus spp.in 3-5-year- old Children with and without Dental Caries. Med Lab J. 2013;7:29\u201334.","journal-title":"Med Lab J."},{"key":"1078_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.17795\/compreped-3803","volume":"3","author":"H Poureslami","year":"2012","unstructured":"Poureslami H, Bafti LS, Hashemi Z, Salari Z. Comparison of occurrence of early childhood caries in two groups of children delivered by cesarean section and normal birth: a longitudinal study. J Compr Pediatr. 2012;3:77.","journal-title":"J Compr Pediatr."},{"key":"1078_CR38","first-page":"11","volume":"8","author":"L Toomarian","year":"2011","unstructured":"Toomarian L, Sattari M, Hashemi N, Tadayon N, Baghban AA. Comparison of Neutrophil Apoptosis, \u03b1-Defensins and Calprotectin in children with and without severe early childhood caries. Iranian J Immunol. 2011;8:11\u20139.","journal-title":"Iranian J Immunol."},{"key":"1078_CR39","first-page":"304","volume":"2","author":"M Ghasempour","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ghasempour M, Sefidgar SAA, Eyzadian H, Gharakhani S. Prevalence of candida albicans in dental plaque and caries lesion of early childhood caries (ECC) according to sampling site. Caspian. J Intern Med. 2011;2:304\u20138.","journal-title":"J Intern Med."},{"key":"1078_CR40","first-page":"159","volume":"10","author":"M Amanlou","year":"2011","unstructured":"Amanlou M, Jafari S, Afzalianmand N, Omrany ZB, Farsam H, Nabati F, et al. Association of saliva fluoride level and socioeconomic factors with dental caries in 3-6 years old children in Tehran-Iran. Iranian J Pharm Res. 2011;10:159\u201366.","journal-title":"Iranian J Pharm Res."},{"key":"1078_CR41","first-page":"65","volume":"6","author":"SE Jabbarifar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jabbarifar SE, Ahmady N, Sahafian SAR, Samei F, Soheillipour S. Association of parental stress and early childhood caries. Dent Res J. 2009;6:65.","journal-title":"Dent Res J."},{"key":"1078_CR42","first-page":"96","volume":"4","author":"F Mazhari","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mazhari F, Talebi M, Zoghi M. Prevalence of early childhood caries and its risk factors in 6-60 months old Children in Quchan. Dent Res J. 2008;4:96.","journal-title":"Dent Res J."},{"key":"1078_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koopaie M, Salamati M, Montazeri R, Davoudi M, Kolahdooz S. Salivary cystatin S levels in children with early childhood caries in comparison with caries-free children; statistical analysis and machine learning. BMC Oral Health. 2021;21:650.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-021-02016-x"},{"key":"1078_CR44","first-page":"70","volume":"16","author":"A Janeshin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Janeshin A, Sabet AH, Mirdamadi S. Evaluation of the effect of problematic eating behavior on early childhood caries in children aged 3 to 6 years. Iranian J Pediatr Dent 2021;16:70\u201380.","journal-title":"Iranian J Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"1078_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mehrabkhani M, Nematy M, Movahed T, ASHOFTE BS, Mortazavi S. EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FOOD PATTERNS AND EARLY CHILDHOOD CARIES IN 3-6 YEAR-OLD CHILDREN IN MASHHAD KINDERGARTENS. 2016:581\u2013593.","DOI":"10.18869\/acadpub.jnkums.8.4.581"},{"key":"1078_CR46","first-page":"197","volume":"26","author":"J Porhashemi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Porhashemi J, Garshasby KG, Nahvi A. Relationship between sever early childhood caries and BMI in 2-4-Year-Old Children in Tehran Kindergartens. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 2016;26:197\u2013201.","journal-title":"J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci."},{"key":"1078_CR47","first-page":"70","volume":"8","author":"HN Mehrabkhani","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mehrabkhani HN, Mm S. Assessing the relationship between diet and prevalence of early childhood caries in Birjand Preschool Children. J Dent Shiraz Univ Med Sci. 2007;8:70.","journal-title":"J Dent Shiraz Univ Med Sci."},{"key":"1078_CR48","first-page":"410","volume":"23","author":"H Poureslami","year":"2022","unstructured":"Poureslami H, Sharifi M, Vahedi M, Sabouri S, Poureslami P, Satarzadeh N, et al. Evaluation of relationship between sever early childhood caries and breast Milk\u2019s Lactose among 12- to 24-month-old Children. J Dent Shiraz Univ Med Sci. 2022;23:410\u20133.","journal-title":"J Dent Shiraz Univ Med Sci."},{"key":"1078_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.52547\/pcnm.11.3.40","volume":"11","author":"M Sharifi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sharifi M, Pourseyedi A, Nejad JH, Aftabi R, Hatami N, Poureslami H.The relationship between weaning method and its time and severe early childhood caries. Prevent Care Nurs Midwifery J. 2021;11:40\u20135.","journal-title":"Prevent Care Nurs Midwifery J."},{"key":"1078_CR50","first-page":"81","volume":"12","author":"Z Pahlevani","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pahlevani Z, Eghbalian F, Esfehani FM, Chitgar Z. Evaluation of the incidence and pattern of early childhood dental caries and effective factors on 2-6 year old children in Hamedan in 2006. Feyz 2008;12:81.","journal-title":"Feyz"},{"key":"1078_CR51","first-page":"23","volume":"15","author":"Z Bahrololoumi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bahrololoumi Z, Soleymani A, Zandi H, Dastjerdi F, Rashidi M, Aghelinejad S. Evaluating the effect of enviromental factors and early childhood caries on salivary Streptococcus Mutans Count in 3-5 Year Old Children in Yazd. Tolooe Behdasht. 2017;15:23\u201334.","journal-title":"Tolooe Behdasht."},{"key":"1078_CR52","first-page":"440","volume":"10","author":"M Ghasempour","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ghasempour M, Rajabnia R, Irannejad A, Hamzeh M, Ferdosi E, Bagheri M. Frequency, biofilm formation and acid susceptibility of streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sobrinus in saliva of preschool children with different levels of caries activity. Dent Res J. 2013;10:440\u20135.","journal-title":"Dent Res J."},{"key":"1078_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang R, Yu J, Islam R, Li X, Nie E. Dental caries prevention knowledge, attitudes, and practice among patients at a University Hospital in Guangzhou, China. Medicina. 2023;59:1559.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59091559"},{"key":"1078_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931243","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.931243","volume":"10","author":"A Saikia","year":"2022","unstructured":"Saikia A, Aarthi J, Muthu MS, Patil SS, Anthonappa RP, Walia T, et al. Sustainable development goals and ending ECC as a public health crisis. Front Public Health. 2022;10:931243.","journal-title":"Front Public Health."},{"key":"1078_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.4103\/ijph.ijph_1078_22","volume":"66","author":"I Devan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Devan I, Ramanarayanan V, Janakiram C. Prevalence of early childhood caries in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Indian J Public Health. 2022;66:S3\u2013S11.","journal-title":"Indian J Public Health."},{"key":"1078_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-1882","volume":"14","author":"M Abdelrahman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abdelrahman M, Hsu KL, Melo MA, Dhar V, Tinanoff N. Mapping evidence on early childhood caries prevalence: complexity of Worldwide Data Reporting. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2021;14:1\u20137.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pediatr Dent."},{"key":"1078_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Malinowski K, Majewski M, Kostrzewska P, Ca\u0142kosi\u0144ski A. Early childhood caries\u2013literature review on risk factors, prevalence and prevention. Medycyna Ogo\u0301lna i Nauki o Zdrowiu. 2021;27:244.","DOI":"10.26444\/monz\/140327"},{"key":"1078_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1111\/ipd.12783","volume":"31","author":"SE Uribe","year":"2021","unstructured":"Uribe SE, Innes N, Maldupa I. The global prevalence of early childhood caries: a systematic review with meta\u2010analysis using the WHO diagnostic criteria. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2021;31:817\u201330.","journal-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent."},{"key":"1078_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2017.00157","volume":"5","author":"S Anil","year":"2017","unstructured":"Anil S, Anand PS. Early childhood caries: prevalence, risk factors, and prevention. Front Pediatr. 2017;5:157.","journal-title":"Front Pediatr."},{"key":"1078_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-015-0093-8","volume":"15","author":"K Peltzer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Peltzer K, Mongkolchati A. Severe early childhood caries and social determinants in three-year-old children from Northern Thailand: a birth cohort study. BMC Oral Health. 2015;15:1\u20137.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health."},{"key":"1078_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1834-7819.2010.01280.x","volume":"56","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhou Y, Lin H, Lo E, Wong M. Risk indicators for early childhood caries in 2\u2010year\u2010old children in southern China. Aust Dent J. 2011;56:33\u20139.","journal-title":"Aust Dent J."},{"key":"1078_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1159\/000319898","volume":"44","author":"C Feldens","year":"2010","unstructured":"Feldens C, Giugliani E, Vigo \u00c1, V\u00edtolo M. Early feeding practices and severe early childhood caries in four-year-old children from southern Brazil: a birth cohort study. Caries Res. 2010;44:445\u201352.","journal-title":"Caries Res."},{"key":"1078_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e510","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-3084","volume":"120","author":"SA Fisher-Owens","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fisher-Owens SA, Gansky SA, Platt LJ, Weintraub JA, Soobader M-J, Bramlett MD, et al. Influences on children\u2019s oral health: a conceptual model. Pediatrics 2007;120:e510\u2013e20.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"1078_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932012000041","volume":"44","author":"ES Greenaway","year":"2012","unstructured":"Greenaway ES, Leon J, Baker DP. Understanding the association between maternal education and use of health services in Ghana: exploring the role of health knowledge. J Biosoc Sci. 2012;44:733\u201347.","journal-title":"J Biosoc Sci."},{"key":"1078_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-263X.2010.01093.x","volume":"21","author":"Y Li","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li Y, Zhang Y, Yang R, Zhang Q, Zou J, Kang D. Associations of social and behavioural factors with early childhood caries in Xiamen city in China. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2011;21:103\u201311.","journal-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent."},{"key":"1078_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6831-14-136","volume":"14","author":"J Wulaerhan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wulaerhan J, Abudureyimu A, Bao X-L, Zhao J. Risk determinants associated with early childhood caries in Uygur children: a preschool-based cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health. 2014;14:1\u20138.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health."},{"key":"1078_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-263X.2012.01238.x","volume":"23","author":"I Menon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Menon I, Nagarajappa R, Ramesh G, Tak M. Parental stress as a predictor of early childhood caries among preschool children in India. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2013;23:160\u20135.","journal-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent."},{"key":"1078_CR68","first-page":"97","volume":"20","author":"S Hui Bin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hui Bin S, Zhang W, Zhou XB. Risk factors associated with early childhood caries. Chin J Dent Res. 2017;20:97\u2013104.","journal-title":"Chin J Dent Res."},{"key":"1078_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1159\/000209342","volume":"43","author":"K Bonanato","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bonanato K, Paiva S, Pordeus I, Ramos-Jorge M, Barbabela D, Allison P. Relationship between mothers\u2019 sense of coherence and oral health status of preschool children. Caries Res. 2009;43:103\u20139.","journal-title":"Caries Res."},{"key":"1078_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1590\/S1806-83242012000600013","volume":"26","author":"HC Borges","year":"2012","unstructured":"Borges HC, Garb\u00edn CAS, Saliba O, Saliba NA, Moimaz SAS. Socio-behavioral factors influence prevalence and severity of dental caries in children with primary dentition. Brazilian Oral Res. 2012;26:564\u201370.","journal-title":"Brazilian Oral Res."},{"key":"1078_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2013.06.005","volume":"41","author":"X Gao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gao X, Di Wu I, Lo ECM, Chu CH, Hsu C-yS, Wong MCM. Validity of caries risk assessment programmes in preschool children. J Dent. 2013;41:787\u201395.","journal-title":"J Dent."},{"key":"1078_CR72","first-page":"18","volume":"14","author":"MJ Prendergast","year":"1997","unstructured":"Prendergast MJ, Beal JF, Williams SA. The relationship between deprivation, ethnicity and dental health in 5-year-old children in Leeds, UK. Community Dent Health. 1997;14:18\u201321.","journal-title":"Community Dent Health."},{"key":"1078_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2012.07.013","volume":"40","author":"M Hooley","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hooley M, Skouteris H, Boganin C, Satur J, Kilpatrick N. Parental influence and the development of dental caries in children aged 0\u20136 years: a systematic review of the literature. J Dent. 2012;40:873\u201385.","journal-title":"J Dent."},{"key":"1078_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E27","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2013.533","volume":"214","author":"B Drummond","year":"2013","unstructured":"Drummond B, Meldrum A, Boyd D. Influence of dental care on children\u2019s oral health and wellbeing. Br Dent J. 2013;214:E27\u2013E.","journal-title":"Br Dent J."},{"key":"1078_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e52233","DOI":"10.2196\/52233","volume":"12","author":"L Jamieson","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jamieson L, Luzzi L, Chrisopoulos S, Roberts R, Arrow P, Kularatna S, et al. Oral health, social and emotional well-being, and economic costs: protocol for the Second Australian National Child Oral Health Survey. JMIR Res Protoc. 2023;12:e52233.","journal-title":"JMIR Res Protoc."},{"key":"1078_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1834-7819.2007.tb00501.x","volume":"52","author":"B Curtis","year":"2007","unstructured":"Curtis B, Evans RW, Sbaraini A, Schwarz E. Geographic location and indirect costs as a barrier to dental treatment: a patient perspective. Aust Dent J. 2007;52:271\u20135.","journal-title":"Aust Dent J."},{"key":"1078_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2009.00502.x","volume":"38","author":"TI Wigen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wigen TI, Wang NJ. Caries and background factors in Norwegian and immigrant 5\u2010year\u2010old children. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2010;38:19\u201328.","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol."},{"key":"1078_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-263X.2009.01014.x","volume":"19","author":"TI Wigen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wigen TI, Skaret E, Wang NJ. Dental avoidance behaviour in parent and child as risk indicators for caries in 5\u2010year\u2010old children. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2009;19:431\u20137.","journal-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent."},{"key":"1078_CR79","unstructured":"Qadri G, Nourallah A, Splieth CH. Early childhood caries and feeding practices in kindergarten children. Quintessence Int. 2012;43."},{"key":"1078_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina46020020","volume":"46","author":"E Slab\u0161inskien\u0117","year":"2010","unstructured":"Slab\u0161inskien\u0117 E, Mil\u010diuvien\u0117 S, Narbutait\u0117 J, Vasiliauskien\u0117 I, Andru\u0161kevi\u010dien\u0117 V, Bendoraitien\u0117 E-A, et al. Severe early childhood caries and behavioral risk factors among 3-year-old children in Lithuania. Medicina. 2010;46:135.","journal-title":"Medicina."},{"key":"1078_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1111\/ipd.12842","volume":"32","author":"B Shrikrishna Suprabha","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shrikrishna Suprabha B, Shenoy R, Mahabala Karuna Y, Nayak AP, Rao A, D\u2019Souza V. Dietary practices among children with early childhood caries and the associated factors: a qualitative study. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2022;32:176\u201384.","journal-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent."},{"key":"1078_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.24267\/23897325.451","volume":"7","author":"J Parra-Coronel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Parra-Coronel J, Astudillo-Neira D, Ortiz-Ulloa J. Early childhood caries and risk factors in young children of medium-low socioeconomic status, Ecuador. Rev Investig Salud Univ de Boyac\u00e1. 2020;7:52\u201370.","journal-title":"Rev Investig Salud Univ de Boyac\u00e1."},{"key":"1078_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18203\/2394-6040.ijcmph20220049","volume":"9","author":"AI Amer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Amer AI, Almohammadi KS, Al-Majed OS, Al Harbi SH, Aljohani RM, Sabri LM, et al. Stages, risk factors and prevention of early childhood caries. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2022;9:1.","journal-title":"Int J Community Med Public Health."},{"key":"1078_CR84","first-page":"228","volume":"6","author":"X Zheng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zheng X, Cao CY, Cao SP, Ran Q, Wu SW, Guo ZL. The prevention of childhood dental caries in China. American. J Pediatr. 2020;6:228\u201333.","journal-title":"J Pediatr."},{"key":"1078_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1111\/ipd.12766","volume":"31","author":"RC Soares","year":"2021","unstructured":"Soares RC, da Rosa SV, Moys\u00e9s ST, Rocha JS, Bettega PVC, Werneck RI, et al. Methods for prevention of early childhood caries: Overview of systematic reviews. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2021;31:394\u2013421.","journal-title":"Int J Paediatr Dent."},{"key":"1078_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kawashita Y, Kitamura M, Saito T. Early childhood caries. Int J Dent. 2011;2011:725320.","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/725320"},{"key":"1078_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13118","volume":"104","author":"R Tham","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tham R, Bowatte G, Dharmage SC, Tan DJ, Lau MX, Dai X, et al. Breastfeeding and the risk of dental caries: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis. Acta Paediatr. 2015;104:62\u201384.","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr."},{"key":"1078_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0142922","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0142922","volume":"10","author":"WM Avila","year":"2015","unstructured":"Avila WM, Pordeus IA, Paiva SM, Martins CC. Breast and bottle feeding as risk factors for dental caries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS ONE. 2015;10:e0142922.","journal-title":"PloS ONE."},{"key":"1078_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ebd.6401183","volume":"17","author":"D Richards","year":"2016","unstructured":"Richards D. Breastfeeding up to 12 months of age not associated with increased risk of caries. Evid Based Dent. 2016;17:75\u20136.","journal-title":"Evid Based Dent."},{"key":"1078_CR90","first-page":"867","volume":"26","author":"L Cui","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cui L, Li X, Tian Y, Bao J, Wang L, Xu D, et al. Breastfeeding and early childhood caries: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2017;26:867\u201380.","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Nutr."},{"key":"1078_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0125352","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0125352","volume":"10","author":"N Birungi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Birungi N, Fadnes LT, Okullo I, Kasangaki A, Nankabirwa V, Ndeezi G, et al. Effect of breastfeeding promotion on early childhood caries and breastfeeding duration among 5 year old children in eastern Uganda: a cluster randomized trial. PloS ONE. 2015;10:e0125352.","journal-title":"PloS ONE."},{"key":"1078_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2014.01.013","volume":"24","author":"BW Chaffee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chaffee BW, Feldens CA, V\u00edtolo MR. Association of long-duration breastfeeding and dental caries estimated with marginal structural models. Ann Epidemiol 2014;24:448\u201354.","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"1078_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peres KG, Nascimento GG, Peres MA, Mittinty MN, Demarco FF, Santos IS, et al. Impact of prolonged breastfeeding on dental caries: a population-based birth cohort study. Pediatrics. 2017;140.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-2943"},{"key":"1078_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s40368-019-00463-3","volume":"21","author":"K Boustedt","year":"2020","unstructured":"Boustedt K, Dahlgren J, Twetman S, Roswall J. Tooth brushing habits and prevalence of early childhood caries: a prospective cohort study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2020;21:155\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur Arch Paediatr Dent."},{"key":"1078_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-14-45","volume":"14","author":"A Majorana","year":"2014","unstructured":"Majorana A, Cagetti MG, Bardellini E, Amadori F, Conti G, Strohmenger L, et al. Feeding and smoking habits as cumulative risk factors for early childhood caries in toddlers, after adjustment for several behavioral determinants: a retrospective study. BMC Pediatr. 2014;14:1\u20138.","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr."},{"key":"1078_CR96","first-page":"23","volume":"9","author":"S Mahjoub","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mahjoub S, Ghasempour M, Mohammadi I. Salivary alkaline phosphatase activity and inorganic phosphorus concentration in children with different dental caries. J Babol Univ Med Sci. 2007;9:23\u20138.","journal-title":"J Babol Univ Med Sci."},{"key":"1078_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.5812\/ijp.113824","volume":"31","author":"N Amrollahi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Amrollahi N, Enshaei Z, Kavousi F. Salivary Malondialdehyde Level as a Lipid Peroxidation Marker in Early Childhood Caries. Iranian J Pediatr. 2021;31:5.","journal-title":"Iranian J Pediatr."},{"key":"1078_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1038\/s41432-021-0192-0","volume":"22","author":"C Hutchison","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hutchison C. Can protective factors prevent caries in preschool children? Evid Based Dent. 2021;22:114\u20135.","journal-title":"Evid Based Dent."},{"key":"1078_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1007\/s40368-021-00672-9","volume":"22","author":"F Aliakbarpour","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aliakbarpour F, Mahjoub S, Masrour-Roudsari J, Seyedmajidi S, Ghasempour M. Evaluation of salivary thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, total protein, and pH in children with various degrees of early childhood caries: a case\u2013control study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2021;22:1095\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur Arch Paediatr Dent."},{"key":"1078_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bijani M, Mostafazadeh A, Motallebnejad M, Bijani A, Pourbagher R, Gharekhani S. Evaluation of the Level of Salivary sHLA-G in Children Aged 3-5 Years with or without Dental Caries. Int J Dent. 2020;2020:8870055.","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8870055"},{"key":"1078_CR101","first-page":"116","volume":"24","author":"MM Jalali","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jalali MM, Faghih Habibi A, Ramezani H. Evaluation of the association between dental caries status and middle ear effusion in preschool children in Rasht City. Sci J Kurd Univ Med Sci. 2019;24:116\u201324.","journal-title":"Sci J Kurd Univ Med Sci."},{"key":"1078_CR102","first-page":"196","volume":"6","author":"H Shamsaddin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shamsaddin H, Jahanimoghadam F, Poureslami H, Haghdoost AA. The association between growth factors and blood factors with early childhood caries. J Oral Health Oral Epidemiol. 2018;6:196\u2013202.","journal-title":"J Oral Health Oral Epidemiol."},{"key":"1078_CR103","first-page":"16","volume":"7","author":"H Poureslami","year":"2018","unstructured":"Poureslami H, Salari Z, Khajeh-Hasani R, Jokar S, Poureslami P. Evaluation of salivary glucose levels among children with early childhood caries compared to children with healthy teeth. J Oral Health Oral Epidemiol. 2018;7:16\u201320.","journal-title":"J Oral Health Oral Epidemiol."},{"key":"1078_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.4103\/1735-3327.218560","volume":"14","author":"M Bakhshaee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bakhshaee M, Ashtiani S, Hossainzadeh M, Sehatbakhsh S, Najafi M, Salehi M. Allergic rhinitis and dental caries in preschool children. Dent Res J. 2017;14:376\u201381.","journal-title":"Dent Res J."},{"key":"1078_CR105","first-page":"662","volume":"12","author":"M Seyedmajidi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Seyedmajidi M, Khodadadi E, Maliji G, Zaghian M, Bijani A. Neutrophil Count and Level of Interleukin-1\u03b2 and Interleukin-8 in the Saliva of Three to Five Year Olds with and without Dental Caries. Front Dent. 2016;12:662\u20138.","journal-title":"Front Dent."},{"key":"1078_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.15171\/joddd.2015.022","volume":"9","author":"M Moslemi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Moslemi M, Sattari M, Kooshki F, Fotuhi F, Modarresi N, Sadrabad ZK, et al. Relationship of salivary lactoferrin and lysozyme concentrations with Early Childhood Caries. J Dent Res, Dent Clin, Dent Prospect. 2015;9:109\u201314.","journal-title":"J Dent Res, Dent Clin, Dent Prospect."},{"key":"1078_CR107","first-page":"210","volume":"11","author":"B Malekafzali","year":"2014","unstructured":"Malekafzali B, Sattari M, Keyvanfar S. Correlation between salivary Toll Like Receptor-2 concentration and early childhood caries. Iranian J Immunol. 2014;11:210.","journal-title":"Iranian J Immunol."},{"key":"1078_CR108","first-page":"68","volume":"15","author":"A Edalat","year":"2014","unstructured":"Edalat A, Abbaszadeh M, Eesvandi M, Heidari A. The relationship of severe early childhood caries and body mass index in a Group of 3- to 6-year-old Children in Shiraz. J Dent, Shiraz Univ Med Sci. 2014;15:68\u201373.","journal-title":"J Dent, Shiraz Univ Med Sci."},{"key":"1078_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9290.114956","volume":"24","author":"A Bagherian","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bagherian A, Sadeghi M. Association between dental caries and age-specific body mass index in preschool children of an Iranian population. Indian J Dent Res. 2013;24:66\u201370.","journal-title":"Indian J Dent Res."},{"key":"1078_CR110","first-page":"294","volume":"9","author":"M Sadeghi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sadeghi M, Darakhshan R, Bagherian A. Is there an association between early childhood caries and serum iron and serum ferritin levels? Dent Res J. 2012;9:294.","journal-title":"Dent Res J."},{"key":"1078_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9290.107380","volume":"23","author":"A Bagherian","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bagherian A, Asadikaram G. Comparison of some salivary characteristics between children with and without early childhood caries. Indian J Dent Res. 2012;23:628\u201332.","journal-title":"Indian J Dent Res."},{"key":"1078_CR112","first-page":"783","volume":"6","author":"SE Jabarifar","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jabarifar SE, Ahmadi N, Hashemi D, Karami S. Relationship between early childhood caries and weight, height, body mass index and head circumferences in 3-5 year-old children in Kazeroun. J Isfahan Dent Sch. 2011;6:783.","journal-title":"J Isfahan Dent Sch."},{"key":"1078_CR113","unstructured":"POUR ESLAMI HR, Moshtaghi GH, Hori A, SHarifi MA, Ziaaddini H. Comparison of Salivary Secretory IgA in Caries-free Children and Children with Severe Early Childhood Caries. J Kerman Univ Med Sci. 2010;18:83\u20138."},{"key":"1078_CR114","first-page":"193","volume":"7","author":"M Biria","year":"2010","unstructured":"Biria M, Sattari M, Golpayegani MV, Kooshki F. Association of salivary sCD14 concentration levels with early childhood caries. Iranian J Immunol. 2010;7:193.","journal-title":"Iranian J Immunol."},{"key":"1078_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-4388.41621","volume":"26","author":"M Shahrabi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shahrabi M, Nikfarjam J, Alikhani A, Akhoundi N, Ashtiani M, Seraj B. A comparison of salivary calcium, phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase in children with severe, moderate caries, and caries free in Tehran\u2019s kindergartens. J Indian Soc Pedodontics Prev Dent. 2008;26:74\u20137.","journal-title":"J Indian Soc Pedodontics Prev Dent."},{"key":"1078_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-4388.40316","volume":"26","author":"A Bagherian","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bagherian A, Nematollahi H, Afshari J, Moheghi N. Comparison of allele frequency for HLA-DR and HLA-DQ between patients with ECC and caries-free children. J Indian Soc Pedodontics Prev Dent. 2008;26:18\u201321.","journal-title":"J Indian Soc Pedodontics Prev Dent."},{"key":"1078_CR117","first-page":"217","volume":"5","author":"A Bagherian","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bagherian A, Jafarzadeh A, Rezaeian M, Ahmadi S, Rezaity MT. Comparison of the salivary immunoglobulin concentration levels between children with early childhood caries and caries-free children. Iranian J Immunol. 2008;5:217\u201321.","journal-title":"Iranian J Immunol."},{"key":"1078_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.4103\/njcp.njcp_110_20","volume":"24","author":"S Mokhtari","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mokhtari S, Mokhtari S, Sabour S, Hosseini Z. Evaluation of the relationship between dental caries and dermatoglyphics in 3 to 6-Year-Old Iranian children. Niger J Clin Pract. 2021;24:193\u20138.","journal-title":"Niger J Clin Pract."},{"key":"1078_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.15171\/joddd.2019.007","volume":"13","author":"AH Arefi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Arefi AH, Shamsaddin H, Balvardi M, Poureslami H, Danesh M, Sayadizadeh M. Evaluation of parents\u2019 views about etiologic factors of severe early childhood caries: a qualitative study. J Dent Res, Dent Clin, Dent Prospect. 2019;13:43\u201350.","journal-title":"J Dent Res, Dent Clin, Dent Prospect."},{"key":"1078_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2007.00408.x","volume":"36","author":"SZ Mohebbi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mohebbi SZ, Virtanen JI, Vahid-Golpayegani M, Vehkalahti MM. Feeding habits as determinants of early childhood caries in a population where prolonged breastfeeding is the norm. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2008;36:363\u20139.","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol."}],"container-title":["Evidence-Based Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41432-024-01078-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41432-024-01078-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41432-024-01078-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]],"date-time":"2025-03-29T02:21:40Z","timestamp":1743214900000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41432-024-01078-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"references-count":120,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["1078"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41432-024-01078-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1462-0049","1476-5446"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1462-0049","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-5446","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 March 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 August 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}