{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T08:01:56Z","timestamp":1740124916469,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]],"date-time":"2024-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709683200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]],"date-time":"2024-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eye"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-024-02960-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]],"date-time":"2024-03-06T15:04:06Z","timestamp":1709737446000},"page":"2117-2123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Unilateral visual impairment and blindness in school children \u2013 prevalence and aetiology in Saki-East LGA of Oyo State, Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9638-0700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Folahan Adesola","family":"Ibukun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary Ogbenyi","family":"Ugalahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles Obu","family":"Bekibele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2960_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. International Statistical Classification of diseases and related health problems - 11th revision [Internet]. 2019. Available from: https:\/\/icd.who.int\/browse11\/l-m\/en#\/http%3A%2F%2Fid.who.int%2Ficd%2Fentity%2F1103667651"},{"key":"2960_CR2","unstructured":"World Health Organisation. International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems - 10th revision. 2010."},{"issue":"Feb","key":"2960_CR3","first-page":"e144","volume":"9","author":"RRA Bourne","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bourne RRA, Steinmetz JD, Saylan M, Mersha AM, Weldemariam AH, Wondmeneh TG, et al. Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: The Right to Sight: An analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet Glob Health. 2021;9:e144\u201360.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health."},{"issue":"Jan","key":"2960_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1080\/09286586.2019.1679191","volume":"27","author":"NJ Kilangalanga","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kilangalanga NJ, Nsiangani LN, Dilu AA, Moanda KA, Ilunga MJ, Makwanga ME, et al. Epidemiology of Childhood Blindness and Low Vision in Kinshasa\u2013democratic Republic of the Congo. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2020;27:45\u201351.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"key":"2960_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.18240\/ijo.2019.07.22","volume":"12","author":"UC Atowa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Atowa UC, Hansraj R, Wajuihian SO. Visual problems: A review of prevalence studies on visual impairment in school-age children. Int J Ophthalmol. 2019;12:1037\u201343.","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"Apr","key":"2960_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.09.010","volume":"129","author":"DB Rein","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rein DB, Wittenborn JS, Zhang P, Sublett F, Lamuda PA, Lundeen EA, et al. The Economic Burden of Vision Loss and Blindness in the United States. Ophthalmology. 2022;129:369\u201378.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology."},{"issue":"May","key":"2960_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogla.2021.09.007","volume":"5","author":"LSW Knight","year":"2022","unstructured":"Knight LSW, Ridge B, Staffieri SE, Craig JE, Prem Senthil M, Souzeau E. Quality of Life in Adults with Childhood Glaucoma: An Interview Study. Ophthalmol Glaucoma. 2022;5:325\u201336.","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Glaucoma"},{"key":"2960_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.65.8.575","volume":"65","author":"V Tommila","year":"1981","unstructured":"Tommila V, Tarkkanen A. Incidence of loss of vision in the healthy eye in amblyopia. Br J Ophthalmol. 1981;65:575\u20137.","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"Mar","key":"2960_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(20)30366-7","volume":"5","author":"LJ Teoh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Teoh LJ, Solebo AL, Rahi JS, Morton C, Allen L, McPhee D, et al. Visual impairment, severe visual impairment, and blindness in children in Britain (BCVIS2): a national observational study. Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2021;5:190\u2013200.","journal-title":"Lancet Child Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"Feb","key":"2960_CR10","first-page":"311","volume":"68","author":"M Wadhwani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wadhwani M, Vashist P, Singh S, Gupta V, Gupta N, Saxena R. Prevalence and causes of childhood blindness in India: A systematic review. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2020;68:311\u20135.","journal-title":"Indian J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2960_CR11","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO|Priority eye diseases [Internet]. Prevention of blindness and visual impairment. 2014 [cited 2021 Feb 22]. Available from: http:\/\/www.who.int\/blindness\/causes\/priority\/en\/index3.html"},{"key":"2960_CR12","first-page":"66","volume":"22","author":"RE Duke","year":"2019","unstructured":"Duke RE, Lewallen S, Courtright P. Estimated Prevalence of Monocular Blindness and Monocular Severe Visual Impairment in Children of Cross Rivers State, Nigeria. Niger. J Ophthalmol. 2019;22:66\u20138.","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2960_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.3928\/01913913-20120515-03","volume":"49","author":"P Bandrakalli","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bandrakalli P, Ganekal S, Jhanji V, Liang YB, Dorairaj S. Prevalence and causes of monocular childhood blindness in a rural population in southern India. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2012;49:303\u20137.","journal-title":"J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus"},{"key":"2960_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ezinne NE, Nnadi CJ, Mashige KP, Onoikhua EE. Causes of Childhood Blindness among Children Seen at the National Eye Centre, Kaduna, Nigeria. J Ophthalmic Clin Res. 2018;5:1\u20135.","DOI":"10.24966\/OCR-8887\/100039"},{"key":"2960_CR15","first-page":"49","volume":"6","author":"CO Omolase","year":"2008","unstructured":"Omolase CO, Aina AS, Omolase BO, Omolade EO. Causes of Blindness and Visual Impairment at the School for the Blind, Owo. Ann Ib Postgrad Med. 2008;6:49\u201352.","journal-title":"Ann Ib Postgrad Med"},{"key":"2960_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gilbert C. Worldwide causes of blindness in children. Pediatric Ophthalmology: Current Thought and A Practical Guide. 2009;47\u201360.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-68632-3_5"},{"key":"2960_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.4314\/phmedj.v1i3.38878","volume":"1","author":"R Duke","year":"2007","unstructured":"Duke R, Faal H. Uniocular blindness among children in the Gambia. Port Harcourt Medical Journal. 2007;1:167\u201370.","journal-title":"Port Harcourt Medical Journal"},{"key":"2960_CR18","unstructured":"El-sheikh HF, K.F T. Childhood Blindness in Saudi Arabia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2002;43:3846."},{"key":"2960_CR19","first-page":"44","volume":"12","author":"D Yorston","year":"1999","unstructured":"Yorston D. The global initiative vison 2020: The right to sight childhood blindness. Community Eye Health. 1999;12:44\u20135.","journal-title":"Community Eye Health"},{"issue":"Apr","key":"2960_CR20","first-page":"534","volume":"79","author":"BN Ekpenyong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ekpenyong BN, Naidoo K, Ndep A, Akpan M, Ekanem E. Prevalence and determinants of visual impairment amongst school-aged children in Southern Nigeria. Afr Vision and Eye Health. 2020;79:534.","journal-title":"Afr Vision and Eye Health"},{"key":"2960_CR21","first-page":"2357","volume":"13","author":"O Okoye","year":"2013","unstructured":"Okoye O, Umeh RE, Ezepue FU. Prevalence of eye diseases among school children in a rural south-eastern Nigerian community. Rural Remote Health. 2013;13:2357.","journal-title":"Rural Remote Health"},{"key":"2960_CR22","first-page":"9","volume":"1","author":"L Naing","year":"2006","unstructured":"Naing L, Winn T, Rusli BN. Practical Issues in Calculating the Sample Size for Prevalence Studies. Arch of Orofac Sci. 2006;1:9\u201314.","journal-title":"Arch of Orofac Sci"},{"key":"2960_CR23","first-page":"248","volume":"13","author":"AA Ayanniyi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ayanniyi AA, Mahmoud AO, Olatunji FO. Causes and prevalence of ocular morbidity among primary school children in Ilorin, Nigeria. Niger J Clin Pract. 2010;13:248\u201353.","journal-title":"Niger J Clin Pract"},{"key":"2960_CR24","first-page":"485","volume":"71","author":"C Gilbert","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gilbert C, Foster A, Negrel A, Thylefors B. Childhood blindness: a new form for recording causes of visual loss in children. Bull World Health Organ. 1993;71:485\u20139.","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"2960_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-013-2813-2","volume":"110","author":"R Told","year":"2013","unstructured":"Told R, Baratsits M, Garh\u00f6fer G, Schmetterer L. ETDRS (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study)-Visus. Ophthalmologe. 2013;110:960\u20135.","journal-title":"Ophthalmologe."},{"key":"2960_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.3928\/1081-597X-19970701-16","volume":"13","author":"JT Holladay","year":"1997","unstructured":"Holladay JT. proper method for calculating average visual acuity. J Refract Surg. 1997;13:388\u201391.","journal-title":"J Refract Surg"},{"key":"2960_CR27","first-page":"738","volume-title":"Kanski\u2019s clinical ophthalmology - a systematic approach","author":"J Kanski","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kanski J. Strabismus. Strabismus; section quoted is Amblyopia In: Bowling B, editor. Kanski\u2019s clinical ophthalmology - a systematic approach. 8th ed. Sydney, Australia: Elsevier; 2016. p. 738.","edition":"8th ed."},{"key":"2960_CR28","first-page":"34","volume":"5","author":"D Nkanga","year":"1997","unstructured":"Nkanga D, Dolin P. School Vision Screening programme in Enugu, Nigeria: Assessment of referral criteria for error of refraction. Niger J Ophthalmol. 1997;5:34\u201340.","journal-title":"Niger J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2960_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1080\/20477724.2021.1949193","volume":"116","author":"O Olarinde","year":"2022","unstructured":"Olarinde O, Sowemimo OA, Chuang TW, Chou CM, Olasanmi SO, Ikotun K, et al. Toxoplasma gondii infection: seroprevalence and associated risk factors for women of childbearing age in Osun State, Nigeria. Pathog Glob Health. 2022;116:59.","journal-title":"Pathog Glob Health"},{"issue":"Jun","key":"2960_CR30","first-page":"1","volume":"20","author":"SN Karshima","year":"2020","unstructured":"Karshima SN, Karshima MN. Human Toxoplasma gondii infection in Nigeria: A systematic review and meta-analysis of data published between 1960 and 2019. BMC Public Health. 2020;20:1\u201315.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health."},{"issue":"Feb","key":"2960_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182019001525","volume":"147","author":"OT Oyeyemi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Oyeyemi OT, Oyeyemi IT, Adesina IA, Tiamiyu AM, Oluwafemi YD, Nwuba RI, et al. Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy: a neglected bane but a serious threat in Nigeria. Parasitology. 2020;147:127\u201334.","journal-title":"Parasitology."},{"key":"2960_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Efunshile AM, Elikwu CJ, Jokelainen P. Toxoplasmosis\u2013awareness and knowledge among medical doctors in Nigeria. PLoS One. 2017;12.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0189709"},{"issue":"Apr","key":"2960_CR33","first-page":"4","volume":"4","author":"SA Ode","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ode SA, Jubril AJ, Emikpe BO. Awareness and habits of Nigerians towards toxoplasmosis and risk factors. PAMJ-OH. 2021;4:4.","journal-title":"PAMJ-OH"},{"key":"2960_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amendoeira MRR, Millar PR. Congenital toxoplasmosis: the importance of implementing clinical practice guidelines. Lancet Regional Health - Americas. 2021 Sep;1.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lana.2021.100023"},{"key":"2960_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.4103\/njo.njo_15_18","volume":"27","author":"O Aribaba","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aribaba O, Alabi A, Alabi A, Adenekan A, Onakoya A, Akinsola F. Training Teachers on Vision Screening for School Children in Low-Resource Setting in Southwest, Nigeria. Niger J Ophthalmol. 2019;27:17.","journal-title":"Niger J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2960_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.4314\/njo.v17i1.46759","volume":"17","author":"PN Tabansi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tabansi PN, Anochie IC, Nkanginieme KEO, Pedro-Egbe CN, Coph FM. Evaluation of Teachers\u2019 Performance of Vision Screening in Primary School Children in Port Harcourt. Niger J Ophthalmol. 2009;17:27\u201331.","journal-title":"Niger J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2960_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.4103\/njo.njo_44_20","volume":"29","author":"M Ugalahi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ugalahi M, Bekibele C, Ogundipe A. Utilization of Vision Corridor for Self-evaluation of Vision Among Secondary School Students in Igbo-Ora, Southwest Nigeria. Niger J Ophthalmol. 2021;29:39\u201344.","journal-title":"Niger J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2960_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.4314\/ahs.v17i3.31","volume":"17","author":"P Kinengyere","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kinengyere P, Kizito S, Kiggundu JB, Ampaire A, Wabulembo G, Kizito S. Burden, etiology and predictors of visual impairment among children attending Mulago National Referral Hospital eye clinic, Uganda. Afr Health Sci. 2017;17:877\u201385.","journal-title":"Afr Health Sci"},{"key":"2960_CR39","first-page":"27","volume":"3","author":"HI Monye","year":"2018","unstructured":"Monye HI, Ugalahi M, Olusanya B, Baiyeroju A. Spare the rod or spoil the eye? Corporal punishment-related eye injuries among children presenting to a tertiary hospital in South West Nigeria. Niger J Public Heal. 2018;3:27\u201332.","journal-title":"Niger J Public Heal"},{"key":"2960_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-9261.33226","volume":"12","author":"AB Oluwakemi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Oluwakemi AB, Kayode A. Corporal punishment-related ocular injuries in Nigerian children. J indian Assoc Pediatr Surg. 2007;12:76\u20139.","journal-title":"J indian Assoc Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"2960_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2415-8-24","volume":"8","author":"AO Ashaye","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ashaye AO. Traumatic Hyphaema: A report of 472 consecutive cases. BMC Ophthalmol. 2008;8:1\u20137.","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"Jan","key":"2960_CR42","first-page":"1","volume":"7","author":"M Zelalem","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zelalem M, Abebe Y, Adamu Y, Getinet T. Prevalence of visual impairment among school children in three primary schools of Sekela Woreda, Amhara regional state, north-west Ethiopia. SAGE Open Med. 2019;7:1\u20138.","journal-title":"SAGE Open Med"},{"key":"2960_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)09782-9","volume":"360","author":"JS Rahi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rahi JS, Logan S, Timms C, Russell-Eggitt I, Taylor D. Risk, causes, and outcomes of visual impairment after loss of vision in the non-amblyopic eye: A population-based study. Lancet. 2002;360:597\u2013602.","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"2960_CR44","unstructured":"Universal Basic Education Commission. Digest of basic education statistics for public and private schools in Nigeria. Abuja; 2019 May."},{"key":"2960_CR45","unstructured":"Oyo State Bureau of Statistics, UNICEF. Situation of children and women in Oyo State - An atlas of social indicators. Ibadan; 2018 Dec."}],"container-title":["Eye"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41433-024-02960-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41433-024-02960-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41433-024-02960-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T13:11:33Z","timestamp":1721826693000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41433-024-02960-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["2960"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41433-024-02960-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-222X","1476-5454"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0950-222X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1476-5454"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 July 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 January 2024","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 January 2024","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 March 2024","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}