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ADA was used for anti-TNF-naive adult (80\u2009mg) or paediatric (40\u2009mg) patients with refractory NIU, then 40\u2009mg every 2-week (20\u2009mg in children&lt;30\u2009kg) with controls at weeks 1, 4, 12, and 24. Images were used to measure central, nasal, and temporal ChT, and the luminal area (LA), stromal area, and total choroidal area (TCA) were analysed using enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) by ImageJ software. The CVI was then calculated as the ratio of LA to TCA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mean ages were similar between the groups. Mean (SE) subfoveal ChT measurements for each location were also similar (for each,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). However, calculated CVI values in eyes with NIU (0.63\u2009\u00b1\u20090.007) were significantly (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) lower than NU eyes (0.66\u2009\u00b1\u20090.006) and controls (0.70\u2009\u00b1\u20090.007) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Moreover, CVI was significantly lower in NU eyes compared to controls (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). There were no significant CVI changes between the consecutive visits after ADA therapy in eyes with NIU (for each,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Decreased CVI in NIU and NU eyes indicates that systemic inflammation affects the choroidal vasculature and perfusion both in the presence and absence of ocular involvement. Although CVI may be used as a possible novel tool in monitoring ocular involvement and progression of NIU, CVI does not seem to be a biomarker for treatment monitoring in NIU.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-024-02975-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]],"date-time":"2024-02-20T08:03:00Z","timestamp":1708416180000},"page":"1633-1641","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effect of adalimumab on choroidal thickness and choroidal vascularity index in eyes with non-infectious uveitis using enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Cem","family":"Evereklioglu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4494-4236","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elif","family":"Er Arslantas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5836-0170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hidayet","family":"Sener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3015-2158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zeynep","family":"Akkul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamran","family":"Gahramanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duygu","family":"Gulmez Sevim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3905-4941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Osman Ahmet","family":"Polat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1442-6032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatih","family":"Horozoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2975_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2017.03.029","volume":"178","author":"A de Parisot","year":"2017","unstructured":"de Parisot A, Kodjikian L, Errera MH, Sedira N, Heron E, P\u00e9rard L, et al. 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