{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T20:29:08Z","timestamp":1789504148473,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642032000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hypertens Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-021-00845-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T15:03:07Z","timestamp":1642086187000},"page":"1353-1362","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Prevalence and prognosis of refractory hypertension diagnosed using ambulatory blood pressure measurements"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Minjae","family":"Yoon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seng Chan","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaewon","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chan Joo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang-Hak","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seok-Min","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sungha","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"845_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60685-1","volume":"383","author":"E Rapsomaniki","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rapsomaniki E, Timmis A, George J, Pujades-Rodriguez M, Shah AD, Denaxas S, et al. Blood pressure and incidence of twelve cardiovascular diseases: lifetime risks, healthy life-years lost, and age-specific associations in 1.25 million people. Lancet. 2014;383:1899\u2013911.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"845_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01225-8","volume":"387","author":"D Ettehad","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ettehad D, Emdin CA, Kiran A, Anderson SG, Callender T, Emberson J, et al. Blood pressure lowering for prevention of cardiovascular disease and death: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2016;387:957\u201367.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"845_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e53","DOI":"10.1161\/HYP.0000000000000084","volume":"72","author":"RM Carey","year":"2018","unstructured":"Carey RM, Calhoun DA, Bakris GL, Brook RD, Daugherty SL, Dennison-Himmelfarb CR. American Heart Association Professional\/Public E, Publications Committee of the Council on H, Council on C, Stroke N, Council on Clinical C, Council on G, Precision M, Council on Peripheral Vascular D, Council on Quality of C, Outcomes R, Stroke et al. Resistant Hypertension: Detection, Evaluation, and Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Hypertension. 2018;72:e53\u2013e90.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"845_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.170308","volume":"57","author":"SD Persell","year":"2011","unstructured":"Persell SD. Prevalence of resistant hypertension in the United States, 2003-2008. Hypertension. 2011;57:1076\u201380.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"845_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.168948","volume":"57","author":"A de la Sierra","year":"2011","unstructured":"de la Sierra A, Segura J, Banegas JR, Gorostidi M, de la Cruz JJ, Armario P, et al. Clinical features of 8295 patients with resistant hypertension classified on the basis of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Hypertension. 2011;57:898\u2013902.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"845_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.12191","volume":"73","author":"RM Carey","year":"2019","unstructured":"Carey RM, Sakhuja S, Calhoun DA, Whelton PK, Muntner P. Prevalence of Apparent Treatment-Resistant Hypertension in the United States. Hypertension. 2019;73:424\u201331.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"845_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2015.142","volume":"88","author":"JJ Sim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sim JJ, Bhandari SK, Shi J, Reynolds K, Calhoun DA, Kalantar-Zadeh K, et al. Comparative risk of renal, cardiovascular, and mortality outcomes in controlled, uncontrolled resistant, and nonresistant hypertension. Kidney Int. 2015;88:622\u201332.","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"845_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.068064","volume":"125","author":"SL Daugherty","year":"2012","unstructured":"Daugherty SL, Powers JD, Magid DJ, Tavel HM, Masoudi FA, Margolis KL, et al. Incidence and prognosis of resistant hypertension in hypertensive patients. Circulation. 2012;125:1635\u201342.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"845_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000002103","volume":"37","author":"MG Buhnerkempe","year":"2019","unstructured":"Buhnerkempe MG, Botchway A, Prakash V, Al-Akchar M, Nolasco Morales CE, Calhoun DA, et al. Prevalence of refractory hypertension in the United States from 1999 to 2014. J Hypertens. 2019;37:1797\u2013804.","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"845_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.118.312156","volume":"124","author":"MC Acelajado","year":"2019","unstructured":"Acelajado MC, Hughes ZH, Oparil S, Calhoun DA. Treatment of resistant and refractory hypertension. Circ Res. 2019;124:1061\u201370.","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"845_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.06587","volume":"67","author":"T Dudenbostel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dudenbostel T, Siddiqui M, Oparil S, Calhoun DA. Refractory hypertension: a novel phenotype of antihypertensive treatment failure. Hypertension. 2016;67:1085\u201392.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"845_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.05449","volume":"66","author":"T Dudenbostel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dudenbostel T, Acelajado MC, Pisoni R, Li P, Oparil S, Calhoun DA. Refractory hypertension: evidence of heightened sympathetic activity as a cause of antihypertensive treatment failure. Hypertension. 2015;66:126\u201333.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"845_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e007365","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.007365","volume":"6","author":"P Armario","year":"2017","unstructured":"Armario P, Calhoun DA, Oliveras A, Blanch P, Vinyoles E, Banegas JR, et al. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of refractory hypertension. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017;6:e007365.","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"845_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.02026","volume":"63","author":"DA Calhoun","year":"2014","unstructured":"Calhoun DA, Boothlll JN, Oparil S, Irvin MR, Shimbo D, Lackland DT, et al. Refractory hypertension: determination of prevalence, risk factors, and comorbidities in a large, population-based cohort. Hypertension. 2014;63:451\u20138.","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"845_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.14113","volume":"23","author":"CJ Lee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lee CJ, Ha JH, Kim JY, Kim IC, Ryu SK, Rhee MY, et al. Office blood pressure threshold of 130\/80 mmHg better predicts uncontrolled out-of-office blood pressure in apparent treatment-resistant hypertension. J Clin Hypertens. 2021;23:595\u2013605.","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens"},{"key":"845_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000002477","volume":"38","author":"JH Jhee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jhee JH, Seo J, Lee CJ, Park JT, Han SH, Kang SW, et al. Ambulatory blood pressure variability and risk of cardiovascular events, all-cause mortality, and progression of kidney disease. J Hypertens. 2020;38:1712\u201321.","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"845_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200305000-00001","volume":"21","author":"E O\u2019Brien","year":"2003","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien E, Asmar R, Beilin L, Imai Y, Mallion JM, Mancia G.European Society of Hypertension Working Group on Blood Pressure M. et al. European Society of Hypertension recommendations for conventional, ambulatory and home blood pressure measurement. J Hypertens. 2003;21:821\u201348.","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"845_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s40885-019-0121-0","volume":"25","author":"HC Kim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kim HC, Ihm SH, Kim GH, Kim JH, Kim KI, Lee HY, et al. Korean Society of Hypertension guidelines for the management of hypertension: part I-epidemiology of hypertension. Clin Hypertens. 2019;25:16. 2018","journal-title":"Clin Hypertens"},{"key":"845_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e328363e964","volume":"31","author":"E O\u2019Brien","year":"2013","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien E, Parati G, Stergiou G, Asmar R, Beilin L, Bilo G.European Society of Hypertension Working Group on Blood Pressure M. et al. European Society of Hypertension position paper on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. J Hypertens. 2013;31:1731\u201368.","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"845_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000000221","volume":"32","author":"G Parati","year":"2014","unstructured":"Parati G, Stergiou G, O\u2019Brien E, Asmar R, Beilin L, Bilo G.European Society of Hypertension Working Group on Blood Pressure M, Cardiovascular V. et al. European Society of Hypertension practice guidelines for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. J Hypertens. 2014;32:1359\u201366.","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"845_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006","volume":"150","author":"AS Levey","year":"2009","unstructured":"Levey AS, Stevens LA, Schmid CH, Zhang Y, Castro AF III, Feldman HI, et al. A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150:604\u201312.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"845_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jev014","volume":"16","author":"RM Lang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lang RM, Badano LP, Mor-Avi V, Afilalo J, Armstrong A, Ernande L, et al. Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. Eur Heart J-Cardiovascular Imaging. 2015;16:233\u201371.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J-Cardiovascular Imaging"},{"key":"845_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.4070\/kcj.2020.0424","volume":"51","author":"J Baek","year":"2021","unstructured":"Baek J, Lee H, Lee HH, Heo JE, Cho SMJ, Kim HC. Thirty-six Year Trends in Mortality from Diseases of Circulatory System in Korea. Korean Circ J. 2021;51:320\u201332.","journal-title":"Korean Circ J"},{"key":"845_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0209687","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0209687","volume":"13","author":"E Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee E, Choi EK, Han KD, Lee H, Choe WS, Lee SR, et al. Mortality and causes of death in patients with atrial fibrillation: a nationwide population-based study. PLoS One. 2018;13:e0209687.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"845_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S33","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001279","volume":"35","author":"CJ Lee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee CJ, Oh J, Lee SH, Kang SM, Choi D, Kim HC, et al. Efficacy of aspirin and statins in primary prevention of cardiovascular mortality in uncomplicated hypertensive participants: a Korean national cohort study. J Hypertens. 2017;35:S33\u2013S40.","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"845_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3021","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy339","volume":"39","author":"B Williams","year":"2018","unstructured":"Williams B, Mancia G, Spiering W, Agabiti Rosei E, Azizi M, Burnier M, et al. 2018 ESC\/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Society of Hypertension (ESH). Eur Heart J. 2018;39:3021\u2013104.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"845_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e017634","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.017634","volume":"9","author":"CRL Cardoso","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cardoso CRL, Salles GF. Refractory Hypertension and Risks of Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in Patients With Resistant Hypertension: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;9:e017634.","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"845_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2340","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.21.2340","volume":"168","author":"GF Salles","year":"2008","unstructured":"Salles GF, Cardoso CR, Muxfeldt ES. Prognostic influence of office and ambulatory blood pressures in resistant hypertension. Arch Intern Med. 2008;168:2340\u20136.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"845_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2059","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00257-3","volume":"386","author":"B Williams","year":"2015","unstructured":"Williams B, MacDonald TM, Morant S, Webb DJ, Sever P, McInnes G. British Hypertension Society\u2019s PSG. et al. Spironolactone versus placebo, bisoprolol, and doxazosin to determine the optimal treatment for drug-resistant hypertension (PATHWAY-2): a randomised, double-blind, crossover trial. Lancet. 2015;386:2059\u201368.","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Hypertension Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41440-021-00845-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41440-021-00845-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41440-021-00845-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,15]],"date-time":"2022-07-15T12:15:48Z","timestamp":1657887348000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41440-021-00845-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["845"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41440-021-00845-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0916-9636","1348-4214"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0916-9636","type":"print"},{"value":"1348-4214","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 September 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 December 2021","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 December 2021","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 January 2022","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}