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We assessed the relationship of clinic and 24\u2009h ambulatory blood pressure with an array of inflammatory markers in young adults with OW\/OB. This cross-sectional study included women and men of Black and White ethnicity (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091194) with a median age of 24.5\u2009\u00b1\u20093.12 years. Participants were divided into normal weight and OW\/OB groups according to body mass index. Clinic and 24\u2009h ambulatory systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured. Inflammatory markers included leptin, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumour necrosis factor-\u03b1, adiponectin, interleukin-10, and C-reactive protein. After adjustments for age, sex, and ethnicity, the OW\/OB group had higher blood pressure and an overall worse inflammatory profile compared to the normal weight group (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009\u2264\u20090.024). In the OW\/OB group, 24\u2009h systolic (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.22; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and diastolic blood pressure (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.28; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) correlated with leptin, independent of age, sex, and ethnicity. In fully adjusted regression models, 24\u2009h systolic blood pressure (adj.R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.25; <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.28; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.035) and diastolic blood pressure (adj.R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.10; <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.32; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.034), associated with leptin in the OW\/OB group and significance remained with additional adjustments for visceral adiposity index. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory, but not clinic blood pressure, is related to leptin in young adults with OW\/OB. Leptin shows a stronger relationship with adiposity when compared to other inflammatory markers and may play a role in subcutaneous adiposity-related increased blood pressure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-023-01477-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]],"date-time":"2023-10-23T10:01:50Z","timestamp":1698055310000},"page":"478-486","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Twenty-four-hour ambulatory, but not clinic blood pressure associates with leptin in young adults with overweight or obesity: The African-PREDICT study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Elandi","family":"van Niekerk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shani","family":"Botha-Le Roux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catharina M. 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