{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T16:31:09Z","timestamp":1781109069748,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760572800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hypertens Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The number of older patients with diabetes has been increasing due to Japan\u2019s rapidly aging population. As aging and diabetes are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease, older adults face a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, with the incidence of heart failure and stroke increasing significantly with age. Preventing cardiovascular events is critical for this population to maintain their activities of daily living and improve their quality of life. To achieve this challenging purpose, it is essential to prioritize the use of glucose-lowering medications with proven cardiovascular benefits and to comprehensively manage risk factors, including blood pressure, as with younger patients. However, considering the vulnerability and divergent health status of older patients, population-specific effects and precautions regarding medications, such as sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) should be considered. In particular, we must deliberate their impact on frailty when administering these medications to this population. In this mini review, we discuss the characteristics of older patients with diabetes and update the evidence on the consistent efficacy and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1RA in older patients. In addition, recent clinical trials that examined the effect of stricter blood pressure control in older patients with diabetes have been reconsidered to accomplish comprehensive risk management for preventing cardiovascular disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-025-02424-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T03:39:53Z","timestamp":1760585993000},"page":"3179-3186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Risk management of cardiovascular disease in older patients with diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Kosuke","family":"Sawami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Node","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2424_CR1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. The National Health and Nutrition Survey in Japan, 2023. https:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/stf\/seisakunitsuite\/bunya\/kenkou_iryou\/kenkou\/eiyou\/r5-houkoku_00001.html. Accessed 4 August 2025."},{"key":"2424_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.12956","volume":"174","author":"ES Huang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Huang ES, Laiteerapong N, Liu JY, John PM, Moffet HH, Karter AJ. Rates of complications and mortality in older patients with diabetes mellitus: the diabetes and aging study. JAMA Intern Med. 2014;174:251\u20138.","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"2424_CR3","unstructured":"The Japan Geriatrics Society, The Japan Diabetes Society. Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Elderly Diabetes. Nankodo: Tokyo, Japan; 2023."},{"key":"2424_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2491","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-0755","volume":"34","author":"M Woodward","year":"2011","unstructured":"Woodward M, Patel A, Zoungas S, Liu L, Pan C, Poulter N, et al. Does glycemic control offer similar benefits among patients with diabetes in different regions of the world? Results from the ADVANCE trial. Diabetes Care. 2011;34:2491\u20135.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2424_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice C. 13. Older adults: standards of care in diabetes-2025. Diabetes Care. 2025;48:S266\u2013S82.","DOI":"10.2337\/dc25-S013"},{"key":"2424_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.4511","volume":"6","author":"DK McGuire","year":"2021","unstructured":"McGuire DK, Shih WJ, Cosentino F, Charbonnel B, Cherney DZI, Dagogo-Jack S, et al. 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AT has received honoraria from Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim Japan, Mochida, and Novo Nordisk, as well as research funding from Bristol-Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, and Novo Nordisk. KN has received honoraria from MSD, AstraZeneca, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Bayer, Kowa, Mochida, Otsuka, Daiichi Sankyo, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Eli Lilly Japan, Boehringer Ingelheim Japan; Research grant from Fuji, Astellas, Novartis, Bayer, Mochida; Scholarship from Abbott Medical, Daiichi Sankyo, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Teijin Pharma, Boehringer Ingelheim Japan.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}