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Serum and urine collected from birth through the first year of life were tested by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and\/or IgM Zika MAC-ELISA. Four hundred and seven specimens are evaluated; 161 sera tested by PCR and IgM assays, 85 urines by PCR. Sixty-five percent of children (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200984) are positive in at least one assay. Of 94 children tested within 3 months of age, 70% are positive. Positivity declines to 33% after 3 months. Five children are PCR+ beyond 200 days of life. Concordance between IgM and PCR results is 52%, sensitivity 65%, specificity 40% (positive PCR results as gold standard). IgM and serum PCR are 61% concordant; serum and urine PCR 55%. Most children (65%) are clinically normal. Equal numbers of children with abnormal findings (29 of 45, 64%) and normal findings (55 of 85, 65%) have positive results,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.98. Earlier maternal trimester of infection is associated with positive results (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.04) but not clinical disease (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.98). ZIKV vertical transmission is frequent but laboratory confirmed infection is not necessarily associated with infant abnormalities.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17331-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,14]],"date-time":"2020-07-14T06:04:51Z","timestamp":1594706691000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Zika virus vertical transmission in children with confirmed antenatal exposure"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Brasil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2193-2224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zilton","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tara","family":"Kerin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia Raja","family":"Gabaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ieda P.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9899-3386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myrna 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